Common Names
Common Names in English:
Dark Spectacle
Description
Family Noctuidae
'The Noctuids are members
of the Superfamily
Noctuoidea. Worldwide in distribution, this family
is the largest in the Lepidoptera and has approximately 20,000 species. About 2,900 of these are found in North America, and there is wide variation
in appearance
and behavior. Most moths are gray to brown in color and have line
or spots on their wings. Some species are brightly colored
. They are small to large in size, and most species are medium-sized with wingspans 2 - 4.5 cm. When at rest, adults
of most species hold their wings above their bodies like a roof. Noctuids are typically nocturnal
, though some species are diurnal
. Most larvae feed
on plant foliage
, dead leaves, lichens, and fungi; many are serious forest
pests. Some species are leaf miners, others are stem- or leaf-borers, and still others feed at night on plant shoots. Noctuid moths pupate in cells
in soil, in plant cavities, or in silk
cocoons
.
'[1]
Habitat
Typically found at an altitude of 0 to 2,500 meters (0 to 8,202 feet).[2]
Taxonomy
- Domain:
Eukaryota
(
)
- Whittaker & Margulis,1978
- eukaryotes
- Kingdom:
Animalia
(
)
- Linnaeus, 1758
- animals
- Subkingdom:
Bilateria
(
)
- (Hatschek, 1888) Cavalier-Smith, 1983
- Branch:
Protostomia
(
)
- Grobben, 1908
- Infrakingdom:
Ecdysozoa
(
)
- Aguinaldo Et Al., 1997 Ex Cavalier-Smith, 1998
- Superphylum:
Panarthropoda
(
)
- Cuvier
- Phylum:
Arthropoda
(
)
- Latreille, 1829
- Arthropods
- Subphylum:
Mandibulata
(
)
- Snodgrass, 1938
- Infraphylum:
Atelocerata
(
)
- Heymons, 1901
- Superclass:
Panhexapoda
(
)
- Epiclass:
Hexapoda
(
)
- Class:
Insecta
(
)
- C. Linnaeus, 1758
- Insects
- Subclass:
Dicondylia
(
)
- Infraclass:
Pterygota
(
)
- Cohort:
Myoglossata
(
)
- Superorder:
Amphiesmenoptera
(
)
- Order:
Lepidoptera
(
)
- Linnaeus, 1758
- Butterflies and Moths
- Infraorder:
Heteroneura
(
)
- Superfamily:
Noctuoidea
(
)
- Superfamily:
Noctuoidea
(
- Infraorder:
Heteroneura
(
- Order:
Lepidoptera
(
- Superorder:
Amphiesmenoptera
(
- Cohort:
Myoglossata
(
- Infraclass:
Pterygota
(
- Subclass:
Dicondylia
(
- Class:
Insecta
(
- Epiclass:
Hexapoda
(
- Superclass:
Panhexapoda
(
- Infraphylum:
Atelocerata
(
- Subphylum:
Mandibulata
(
- Phylum:
Arthropoda
(
- Superphylum:
Panarthropoda
(
- Infrakingdom:
Ecdysozoa
(
- Branch:
Protostomia
(
- Subkingdom:
Bilateria
(
- Kingdom:
Animalia
(
Notes
Name Status: Provisionally Accepted Name . Latest taxonomic scrutiny: Beccaloni G.
Similar Species
Members of the genus Abrostola
There are approximately 54 species in this genus:
A. abrostolina · A. aethiopica · A. agnorista · A. anophioides · A. asclepiadea · A. asclepiadis · A. bettoni · A. bicyclata · A. brevipennis · A. canariensis · A. clarissa · A. confusa · A. congolensis · A. crinita · A. dejeani · A. fallax · A. imitatrix · A. jagowi · A. juncta · A. kaszabi · A. korbi · A. major · A. mariana · A. marmorea · A. mediata · A. microvalis · A. monotona · A. nairobiensis · A. obliqua · A. obscura · A. oculea · A. ovalis (Oval Abrostola) · A. pacifica · A. pardoi · A. parvula · A. plumbea · A. proxima · A. pulverea · A. robertsi · A. rougeoti · A. semiconfluens · A. sugii · A. suisharyonis · A. tinctoides · A. tocionis · A. trigemina · A. triopis · A. tripartita · A. triplasia (Dark Spectacle) · A. uniformis · A. urentis (Variegated Brindle Moth) · A. urticae · A. ussuriensis · A. violacea
More Info
- Search for Pictures: images.google.com
- Search for Scholarly Articles: Google Scholar
- Search using Scientific Name and Vernacular Names: All the Web | AltaVista Canada | AltaVista | Excite | Google | HotBot | Lycos
- Search using Specialized Databases: GenBank | Medline | Scirus | CISTI/CAL | Agricola Periodicals | Agricola Books
Further Reading
- A descriptive catalogue of the Dobree collection of European Noctuae / compiled by Horace B. Browne. Hull, England; A. Browne & Sons, 1909. ENG url p. 126, p. 155.
- A hand-book to the order Lepidoptera. By W.F. Kirby London, E. Lloyd, limited, 1896-1897. ENG url p. 108.
- Annalen des Naturhistorischen Museums in Wien. Wien, Naturhistorisches Museum [etc.] GER url p. 342.
- Annales de la Société entomologique de France. Paris: La Société, FRE url p. 1065, p. 48.
- Annales de la Station limnologique de Besse. Clermont-Ferrand: La Station, 1909- FRE url p. 190.
- Annals and magazine of natural history: including zoology, botany and geology London. url p. 348.
- Archiv für Naturgeschichte. Berlin: Nicolai, 1835- GER url p. 427.
- Bulletin biologique de la France et de la Belgique. Montreuil [etc.]Gauther-Villars [etc.] FRE url p. 330.
- Etudes de lépidoptérologie comparée, par Charles Oberthür. Rennes: Impr. Oberthür, 1904-25. FRE url p. 263, p. 391.
- Histoire naturelle des lépidoptères ou papillons de France; décrits par M. Godart Peints par M. C. Vauthier. Paris: Crevot, 1821-38. FRE url p. 486.
- Just's botanischer jahresbericht. Systematisch geordnetes repertorium der botanischen literatur aller länder. Berlin, Gebr. Borntraeger, 1874-98; GER url p. 716.
- List of Yorkshire Lepidoptera. [By] George T. Porritt London, A. Brown & Sons, ltd., 1904. ENG url p. 98.
- List of the specimens of the British animals in the collection of the British museum. London: Printed by order of the Trustees, 1845-55. ENG url p. 129, p. 129.
- Novitates Zoologicae. London. url p. 115, p. 126.
- Polskie pismo entomologiczne = Polish journal of entomology = Bulletin entomologique de Pologne Warszawa [etc.]Panstwowe Wydawn. Naukowe. ENG url p. 167.
- Societas entomologica. Stuttgart [etc.]A. Kernan [etc.], 1886-1930. GER url p. 21, p. 29, p. 37, p. 45.
- The Entomological magazine. [London: Frederick Westley and A.H. Davis, 1833-1838] ENG url p. 158.
- The Entomologist's record and journal of variation. [s.l., s.n.] ENG url p. 77.
- The Entomologist. London: Simpkin, Marshall & Co., [1877- ENG url p. 108, p. 26, p. 66.
Notes
Contributors
- Global Biodiversity Information Facility. Accessed February 15, 2008. http://www.gbif.org Mediated distribution data from 10 providers.
Data Sources
Accessed through GBIF Data Portal February 15, 2008:
- Biologiezentrum der Oberoesterreichischen Landesmuseen, Biologiezentrum Linz
- Tiroler Landesmuseum Ferdinandeum, Tiroler Landesmuseum Ferdinandeum
- University of Helsinki, Department of Applied Biology, European Moth Nights
- inatura - Erlebnis Naturschau Dornbirn, inatura - Erlebnis Naturschau Dornbirn
Identifiers
- Biodiversity Heritage Library NamebankID: 2980656
- Catalogue of Life Accepted Name Code: Lep-280386.0
- Global Biodiversity Information Facility Taxonkey: 13551108
- Zipcode Zoo Species Identifier: 631057
Footnotes
- http://www.butterfliesandmoths.org/taxonomy?f=34&sci=Noctuidae&com=Owlet Moths, Miller Moths [back]
- Mean = 542.960 meters (1,781.365 feet), Standard Deviation = 697.320 based on 3,589 observations. Altitude information for each observation from British Oceanographic Data Centre. [back]
