Alosa fallax

• Overview
• Common Names
• Description
• Taxonomy
• Similar Species
• More Info
• Further Reading
• Notes

Overview

Family : Herrings , shads , sardines , menhadens ; Amphihaline species[1], schooling and strongly migratory, but apparently not penetrating far up rivers [2]. Enters tidal parts of rivers in May or early June to spawn there or a little above[2][1]. Spawning takes place at night over sand or gravel , at a temperature range of 15-20�C. Adults return to sea after spawning, and could later return to spwan a second or third time[1]. Eggs are demersal , scattered over gravel or sand[2]. The fry move down river as they develop[2]. Ichthyophageous, feeds on small fishes and crustaceans, the young taking the fry of herrings, sprats and gobies [2][1]. Suffers from river pollution and to some extent from river barrages[2]. Sexually mature at an age of 3-4 years and a length of 30-40 cm[3].

Common Names

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Description

Family Clupeidae

Distribution: global (mostly tropical ) from 70� N to about 60� S. Chiefly marine coastal and schooling fishes ; some freshwater and anadromous . Body usually fusiform , round to strongly compressed . Head without scales ; jaw teeth, when present, are small or minute. A single dorsal fin, small and near midpoint of body; pelvic fins more or less below dorsal fin base ; dorsal and pelvic fins absent in some species; soft rays only. Lateral line spanning a few scales behind the head in some species, missing in others; scales cycloid (smooth to touch); abdominal scutes usually present (a single pelvic scute in the Dussumieriinae). Branchiostegal rays usually 5-10. Most feed on small planktonic animals. Size range (adults ): from 2 to 75 cm. One of the most important family of commercial fishes, processed for food, oil , or fish meal .The family Clupeidae belongs to the Class Actinopterygii (ray-finned fishes) and the Order Clupeiformes. It contains 66 genera and 216 species. It may be found in Marine, Brackish , and Freshwater environments and is primarily Marine. Members of this family are not used in the aquarium trade. Reproductively, most members of this family are nonguarders. The main mode of swimming of adult fish in this family is carangiform . Compared with other fish, the activity level of this family tends to be normal. Members of this family have been dated back to the lower Eocene epoch of the Tertiary period. This family may be found from 70° n to 55° s and 180° w to 179° e. Etymology of this family name : Latin, clupea = sardine, derived from Clupeus = shield ; doubtless a reference to the scales covering the body of the fish + Greek, odous = teeth

Taxonomy

Ambiguous Synonyms

1. Alosa ficta Duhamel Du Monaceau, 1772
2. Alosa minor Bonaparte, 1846
3. Clupea alosa elongata De La Pylaie, 1835

Unambiguous Synonyms

1. Alosa africana Regan, 1916
2. Alosa fallax /i> (Lacepède, 1803)
3. Alosa fallax /i> (Lacépède, 1803)
4. Alosa fallax algeriensis Regan, 1916
5. Alosa fallax bolivari Lozano Y Rey, 1929
6. Alosa fallax fallax (Lacep�de, 1803)
7. Alosa fallax rhodanensis Roule, 1924
8. Alosa finta algeriensis Regan, 1916
9. Alosa finta (Cuvier, 1829)
10. Alosa finta killarnensis Regan, 1916
11. Alosa finta rhodanensis Roule, 1924
12. Clupea fallax Lac épède, 1803
13. Clupea fallax Lacep�de, 1803
14. Clupea finta Cuvier, 1829
15. Clupea nilotica Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, 1809
16. Clupea rufa Lacep�de, 1803
17. Clupea sardinella Vallot, 1837

Notes

Name Status: Accepted Name . Latest taxonomic scrutiny: Data last modified by FishBase 24-Jul-1994

Similar Species

Members of the genus Alosa

There are approximately 109 species in this genus. Here are just 100 of them:

A. aestavalis · A. aestivalis (Blueback Glut Herring) · A. agone (Mediterranean Shad) · A. alabamae (Alabama Shad) · A. alburnus · A. algeriensis · A. alosa (Blueback Glut Herring) · A. alosa alosa (Blueback Glut Herring) · A. alosa bulgarica · A. apicalis · A. argyrochloris · Harengula clupeola · A. braschnikowi (Brazhnikov´s Shad) · A. braschnikowii autumnalis · A. braschnikowii nirchi · A. braschnikowii orientalis · A. braschnikowi braschnikowi (Caspian Marine Shad) · A. braschnikowi sarensis (Caspian Marine Shad) · A. brashnikovi · A. brashnikovi brashnikovi (Caspian Marine Shad) · A. brashnikovi maeotica · A. brevis · A. caspia (Caspian Shad) · A. caspia caspia (Il´men Shad) · A. caspia knipowitschi (Enzeli Shad) · A. caspia nordmanni · A. caspia persica (Astrabad Shad) · A. caspia salina · A. caspia tanaica · A. caspia vistonica · A. chrysochloris (Skipjack Herring) · A. communis · A. cyanonoton · A. elongata · A. fallax (Killarney Shad) · A. fallax algeriensis · A. fallax bolivari · A. fallax fallax (Killarney Shad) · A. fallax killarnensis · A. fallax lacustris · A. fallax nilotica (Mediterranean Shad) · A. fallax rhodanensis · A. fallax subsp. fallax · A. finta · A. finta algeriensis · A. finta killarnensis · A. finta lacustris · A. finta rhodanensis · A. pontica (Kerch Black Sea Shad) · A. kanagurta · A. kessleri (Caspian Anadromous Shad) · A. killarnensis · A. lacustris benacensis · A. lacustris ceresioverbana · A. lacustris lariana · A. lacustrus benacensis · A. lineata · A. macedonica (Macedonia Shad) · A. maeotica (Black Sea Shad) · A. maeotica maeotica · A. malayana · A. mattowacca · A. mediocris (Freshwater Taylor) · A. menhaden · A. fallax subsp. fallax · A. musica · A. nilotica (Mediterranean Shad) · A. ohiensis · A. papalina · A. pectinata · A. pilchardus · A. pontica (Kerch Black Sea Shad) · A. pontica danubii · A. pontica kessleri · A. pontica moriac · A. pontica nigrescens · A. pontica pontica · A. pontica russac · A. praestabilis · A. psendoharengus · A. pseudoharengus (Anadromous Alewives) · A. psuedoharengus · A. reevesii · A. sapadissima · A. sapidisima · A. sapidissima (Connecticut River Shad) · A. sapidissma · A. saposchnikowii (Saposhnikovi Shad) · A. saposhnikovi · A. sardina · Sardinella aurita · A. sp · A. sphaerocephala (Agrakhana Shad) · A. squamopinnata · A. suworowi · A. tanaica (Paeostom Shad) · A. teres · A. toli · A. tyrannus · A. vistonica

More Info

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Further Reading

• Anglo-russkii biologicheskii slovar' / [avtory, I. N. Afanas'eva et al.; spetsial'nye nauch. redaktory, O. I. Chibisova i L. A. Koziar]. Moskva: Russkii iazyk, 1979. ENG url p. 577.
• Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History). London: BM(NH) ENG url p. 10, p. 12, p. 154, p. 178, p. 255, p. 256, p. 38, p. 7, p. 8.
• Fishery circular / U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of Fisheries. [Washington]: The Bureau, 1931-1939. ENG url p. 124.

Notes

Contributors

• Bisby, F.A., Y.R. Roskov, M.A. Ruggiero, T.M. Orrell, L.E. Paglinawan, P.W. Brewer, N. Bailly, J. van Hertum, eds (2007). Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life: 2007 Annual Checklist. Species 2000: Reading, U.K.
• Brands, S.J. (comp.) 1989-2006. Systema Naturae 2000. The Taxonomicon. Universal Taxonomic Services, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. Accessed April 5, 2007.
• FishBase 2006.
• Global Biodiversity Information Facility. Accessed November 12, 2007. http://www.gbif.org Mediated distribution data from 14 providers.
• World Conservation Monitoring Centre 1996. In IUCN 2008. 2008 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. IUCNRedList.org. Downloaded July 18, 2008.

Data Sources

Accessed through GBIF Data Portal November 12, 2007:

• European Environment Agency, EUNIS
• FishBase, FishBase DiGIR Provider - Philippine Server
• Institute of Marine and Coastal Sciences, Rutgers University, Taxonomic Information Sytem for the Belgian coastal area
• Senckenberg, Collection Pisces
• The Swedish Museum of Natural History
• , Fishes
• The Swedish Museum of Natural History
• , Swedish Board of Fisheries
• - Institute of Coastal Research

Identifiers

• Biodiversity Heritage Library NamebankID: 2486656
• Catalogue of Life Accepted Name Code: Fis-49108
• Global Biodiversity Information Facility Taxonkey: 14389557
• IUCN ID: 904
• Zipcode Zoo Species Identifier: 397989

Footnotes

1. "Murdannia stenothyrsa". in Flora of China Vol. 24 Page 31. Missouri Botanical Garden Press. Online at EFloras.org. [back]
2. Whitehead, P.J.P. (1985). FAO species catalogue. Vol. 7. Clupeoid fishes of the world (suborder Clupeioidei). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of the herrings, sardines, pilchards, sprats, shads, anchovies and wolf-herrings. Part 1 - Chirocentridae, [back]
3. Muus, B.J. and J.G. Nielsen (1999). Sea fish. Scandinavian Fishing Year Book, Hedehusene, Denmark. 340 p. [back]

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