Eptesicus fuscus

• Interesting Facts
• Common Names
• Description
• Taxonomy
• Similar Species
• More Info
• Further Reading
• Notes

Interesting Facts

Common Names

Click on the language to view common names.

Description

Habitat

Typically found at an altitude of 0 to 2,793 meters (0 to 9,163 feet).[1]

Ecology: The big brown bat inhabits cities, towns, and rural areas, but is least commonly found in heavily forested regions (Kurta 1995). Some bats require stable, highly insulated environments in order to hibernate. Eptesicus fuscus has a more tolerant constitution so it can winter in less substantial structures. Besides human dwellings, it has been found to take up residence in barns, silos , and churches. Also, this bat has been found roosting in storm sewers, expansion joint spaces in concrete athletic stadiums, and copper mines (Baker 1983). In presettlement times it is presumed the big brown bat roosted in tree hollows, natural caves, or openings in rock ledges. Occasionally groups of these bats are still found living in tree cavities (Baker 1983). Recently, some were found hibernating in caves in Minnesota (Knowles 1992).
The big brown bat hibernates in various structures, either man-made or natural environments. They prefer cool temperatures and can tolerate conditions many other bats cannot. They may become active during their winter hibernacula and can move to an optimum habitat . One banded bat was recorded to have moved to a different cave 400 yards away, during the same winter (Goehring 1972).
E. fuscus is an insectivorous bat. It preys primarily on beetles using its robust skull and powerful jaws to chew through the beetles' hard chitinous exoskeleton. It also eats other flying insects including moths, flies, wasps, flying ants , lacewing flies, and dragonflies (Baker 1983). One study indicated that juvenile E. fuscus ate a greater range of softer food items in their diets , compared to adults . The same study also indicated that bats having survived their first winter (yearlings ), did not differ significantly in diet from the adults (Hamilton and Barclay 1998).[2].

List of Habitats:

•     1     Forest   
  
•     1.4     Forest - Temperate   
  
•     1.5     Forest - Subtropical/Tropical Dry   
  
•     1.6     Forest - Subtropical/Tropical Moist Lowland   
  
•     6     Rocky areas (eg. inland cliffs , mountain peaks)   
  
•     7     Caves and Subterranean Habitats (non-aquatic)   
  
•     7.1     Caves and Subterranean Habitats (non-aquatic) - Caves   
  
•     14     Artificial/Terrestrial   
  
•     14.4     Artificial/Terrestrial - Rural Gardens   
  
•     14.5     Artificial/Terrestrial - Urban Areas   
[more info]

Taxonomy

Notes

Name Status: Accepted Name .

Last scrutiny: 08-Jun-2004

Subgenus Eptesicus. Caribbean forms reviewed by Timm and Genoways (2003).[2].

Similar Species

Members of the genus Eptesicus

ZipcodeZoo has pages for 48 species and subspecies in this genus:

E. andinus (Little Black Serotinelittle Black Serotine) · E. baverstocki (Inland Forest Bat) · E. bobrinskoi (Bobrinski's Serotine) · E. bottae (Botta's Serotine) · E. brasiliensis (Brazilian Brown Bat) · E. brunneus (Dark-Brown Serotine) · E. capensis (Cape Serotine) · E. chiriquinus (Chiriquinan Serotine) · E. darlingtoni (Large Forest Bat) · E. demissus (Surat Serotine) · E. diminutus (Diminutive Serotine) · E. dimissus (Surat Serotine) · E. douglasorum (Yellow-Lipped Bat) · E. finlaysoni (Big Brown Bats) · E. flavescens (Yellow Serotine) · E. floweri (Horn-Skinned Bat) · E. furinalis (Argentinian Brown Bat) · E. furinalis furinalis (Argentine Brown Bat) · E. fuscus (Big Brown Bat) · E. fuscus fuscus (Big Brown Bat) · E. fuscus wetmorei (Big Brown Bat) · E. gobiensis (Gobi Big Brown Bat) · E. guadeloupensis (Guadeloupean Big Brown Bat) · E. guineensis (Tiny Serotine) · E. hottentotus (Long-Tailed House Bat) · E. innoxius (Harmless Serotine) · E. japonensis (Japanese Short-Tailed Bat) · E. kobayashii (Kobayashi's Serotine) · E. malagasyensis (Isalo Serotine) · E. matroka (Malagasy Serotine) · E. melckorum (Melck's House Bat) · E. nasutus (Sind Serotine Bat) · E. nilssoni (Northern Bat) · E. nilssonii (Northern Bat) · E. nilssoni nilssoni (Northern Bat) · E. pachyotis (Thick-Eared Bat) · E. platyops (Lagos Serotine) · E. pumilus (Eastern Forest Bat) · E. regulus (Southern Forest Bat) · E. rendalli (Rendall's Serotine) · E. sagittula (Large Forest Bat) · E. serotinus (Common Serotine) · E. serotinus pallens (Serotine) · E. somalicus (Somali Serotine) · E. tatei (Sombre Bat) · E. tenuipinnis (White-Winged Serotine) · E. troughtoni (Big Brown Bats) · E. vulturnus (Little Forest Bat)

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Further Reading

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• A distributional list of the mammals of California, by Joseph Grinnell. San Francisco, The Academy, 1913. url p. 280.
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• A preliminary survey of the bats of the Deerlodge National Forest Montana: 1991 / by Thomas W. Butts for the U.S.D.A. Forest Service, Deerlodge National Forest. Helena, Mont.: Montana Natural Heritage Program, [c1993] url p. 16, p. 25, p. 30.
• A survey of the bats of the Deerlodge National Forest Montana: 1992 / by Thomas W. Butts for the Deerlodge National Forest, U.S. Forest Service. Helena, Mont.: Montana Natural Heritage Program, [c1993] url p. 18, p. 19, p. 34.
• A survey of the bats of the Townsend Ranger District Helena National Forest, Montana / by Thomas W. Butts for the Helena National Forest, U.S. Forest Service. Helena, Mont.: Montana Natural Heritage Program, [c1993] url p. 7.
• Abundance and distribution of bats in the Pryor Mountains of south central Montana and north eastern Wyoming / David J. Worthington for the Montana Natural Heritage Program, Bureau of Land Management-Billings Resource Area, [and] Custer National Forest. Helena, Mont.: Montana Natural Heritage Program, c1991. url p. 12, p. 22, p. 24, p. 28, p. 34.
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Notes

Contributors

• Bisby, F.A., Y.R. Roskov, M.A. Ruggiero, T.M. Orrell, L.E. Paglinawan, P.W. Brewer, N. Bailly, J. van Hertum, eds (2007). Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life: 2007 Annual Checklist. Species 2000: Reading, U.K.
• Brands, S.J. (comp.) 1989-present. The Taxonomicon. Universal Taxonomic Services, Zwaag, The Netherlands. Accessed January 31, 2012.
• Chiroptera Specialist Group 1996. Eptesicus fuscus. In: IUCN 2006. 2006 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. www.iucnredlist.org . Downloaded on 20 October 2006.
• Chiroptera Specialist Group 1996. In IUCN 2008. 2008 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. IUCNRedList.org. Downloaded July 19, 2008.
• Global Biodiversity Information Facility. Accessed March 12, 2008. http://www.gbif.org Mediated distribution data from 35 providers.
• IUCN 2012. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2011.2. . Downloaded on January 28, 2012.
• Miller, B., Reid, F., Arroyo-Cabrales, J., Cuarón, A.D. & de Grammont, P.C. 2008. Eptesicus fuscus. In: IUCN 2011. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2011.2. <www.iucnredlist.org>. Downloadedon 31January2012.
• Ruggiero M., Gordon D., Bailly N., Kirk P., Nicolson D. (2011). The Catalogue of Life Taxonomic Classification, Edition 2, Part A. In: Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life: 2011 Annual Checklist (Bisby F.A., Roskov Y.R., Orrell T.M., Nicolson D., Paglinawan L.E., Bailly N., Kirk P.M., Bourgoin T., Baillargeon G., Ouvrard D., eds). DVD; Species 2000: Reading, UK.

Data Sources

Accessed through GBIF Data Portal March 12, 2008:

• Borror Laboratory of Bioacoustics
• Burke Museum: Mammal Specimens
• Comisión nacional para el conocimiento y uso de la biodiversidad: Colección de Mamíferos de la Sierra Volcánica Transversal de México (UAM-I)
• Comisión nacional para el conocimiento y uso de la biodiversidad: Colección de Mamíferos de Nuevo León, México (UANL)
• Field Museum: Mammal specimens
• GBIF-Sweden: Mammals (NRM)
• Los Angeles County Museum of Natural History: Vertebrate specimens
• Louisiana State University Museum of Natural Science: Mammal specimens
• Marine Science Institute, UCSB: Paleobiology Database
• Michigan State University Museum: Vertebrate specimens
• Museum of Texas Tech University (TTU): Mammal specimens
• Museum of Vertebrate Zoology: Terrestrial vertebrate specimens
• Royal Ontario Museum: Mammal specimens
• Santa Barbara Museum of Natural History: Santa Barbara Musem of Natural History
• Sternberg Museum of Natural History: Mammal Collection
• UNIBIO, IBUNAM: CNMA/Coleccion Nacional de Mamiferos
• University of Alaska Museum of the North: MSB Mammals Specimens
• University of Alaska Museum of the North: UAM Mammals Specimens
• University of Colorado Museum: Zoological specimens
• University of Minnesota Bell Museum of Natural History: Mammal specimens

Identifiers

• Biodiversity Heritage Library NamebankID: 104999
• Catalogue of Life Accepted Name Code: ITS-180008
• Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS) Taxonomic Serial Number (TSN): 180008
• IUCN ID: 207990
• Natural Heritage Network Species Identifier: AMACC04010
• Zipcode Zoo Species Identifier: 4790

Footnotes

1. Mean = 763.190 meters (2,503.904 feet), Standard Deviation = 770.480 based on 1,586 observations. Altitude information for each observation from British Oceanographic Data Centre. [back]
2. Miller, B., Reid, F., Arroyo-Cabrales, J., Cuarón, A.D. & de Grammont, P.C. 2008. Eptesicus fuscus. In: IUCN 2011. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2011.2. <www.iucnredlist.org>. Downloaded on 31 January 2012. [back]

©2004-2012 David Stang. All rights reserved.