Eutrigla gurnardus

Justification

Utilized fresh and frozen; eaten fried and baked^[1].

Taxonomy

Unambiguous Synonyms:

1. Chelidonichthys gurnardus (Linnaeus, 1758)
2. Eutrigla gurnardus subsp. gurnardus (Linnaeus, 1758)
3. Eutrigla gurnardus subsp. milvus (Lacepède, 1801)
4. Eutriglia gurnardus (Linnaeus, 1758)
5. Trigla gurnardus Linnaeus, 1758
6. Trigla milvus Lacepède, 1801

Notes:

Name Status: Accepted Name. Latest taxonomic scrutiny: Data last modified by FishBase 23-Sep-1995

Physical Description

Family Triglidae:

Distribution: all temperate and tropical seas. Head bony and casquelike. Pectoral fin with lower 2 or 3 rays enlarged for food detection. Dorsal fins separate. Benthic. Good sound producers. Attains 1 m maximum length.

The family Triglidae belongs to the Class Actinopterygii (ray-finned fishes) and the Order Scorpaeniformes. It contains 14 genera and 100 species. It may be found in Marine and Brackish environments and is primarily Marine. Some members of this family are used in the aquarium trade. Reproductively, most members of this family are nonguarders. The main mode of swimming of adult fish in this family is tetraodontiform. Compared with other fish, the activity level of this family tends to be normal. Members of this family have been dated back to the upper Eocene epoch of the Tertiary period. Etymology of this family name: Greek, trigla, -es = red mullet

Size/Age/Growth:

Males are commonly 30 cm (Total Length) in length when caught/marketed, but may be as large as 60 cm (Total Length).

Images:

Distribution

Aquatic Regions

Eastern Atlantic: Norway to Morocco, Madeira, and Iceland. Also known from the Mediterranean and Black Sea^[2].

Range and Population

Eastern Atlantic: Norway to Morocco, Madeira, and Iceland. Also known from the Mediterranean and Black Sea^[3].

Habitat

Common on sandy grounds, sometimes on rocky bottoms, and also on mud between coastline to 140 m depth. May be found at depths of 10 to 300 meters. Usually found at depths of 10 to 150 meters.

Biome

Brackish water, saltwater. Demersal.

Diet

Feeds on crustaceans, mostly shrimps and shore crabs; fishes, mostly gobies, flatfish, young herring and sand eels.

Song/Voice

Makes croaking sounds^[4].

Eutrigla gurnardus
Copyright Holder: Fish, M.P. and W.H. Mowbray (1970). Sounds of Western North Atlantic fishes. A reference file of biological underwater sounds. The John Hopkins Press, Baltimore.

Similar Species

Members of the genus Eutrigla:

There are approximately 1 species and subspecies in this genus: E. gurnardus (Grey Gurnard)

Members of the genus Aspitrigla:

There are approximately 2 species and subspecies in this genus: A. cuculus (Cockoo Gurnard) · A. hirundo

Bibliography

• Bauchot, M.-L. (1987). Poissons osseux. p. 891-1421. In W. Fischer, M.L. Bauchot and M. Schneider (eds.) Fiches FAO d'identification pour les besoins de la pêche. (rev. 1). Méditerranée et mer Noire. Zone de pêche 37. Vol. II. Commission des Communautés Européennes and FAO, Rome.
• Food and Agriculture Organization (1992). FAO yearbook 1990. Fishery statistics. Catches and landings. FAO Fish. Ser. (38). FAO Stat. Ser. 70:(105):647 p.
• Hureau, J. C., and Th. Monad, eds. 1973. Check-list of the fishes of the north-eastern Atlantic and of the Mediterranean (Clofnam), vol. 1. United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO). Paris, France. xxii + 683. ISBN: 92-3-001100-2.
• Hureau, J.-C. (1986). Triglidae. p. 1230-1238. In P.J.P. Whitehead, M.-L. Bauchot, J.-C. Hureau, J. Nielsen and E. Tortonese (eds.) Fishes of the North-eastern Atlantic and the Mediterranean. UNESCO, Paris. Vol. 3.
• Jonsson, G. (1992). Islenskir fiskar. Fiolvi, Reykjavik, 568 pp.
• Linnaeus, C. (1758). Systema Naturae per Regna Tria Naturae secundum Classes, Ordinus, Genera, Species cum Characteribus, Differentiis Synonymis, Locis. 10th ed., Vol. 1. Holmiae Salvii. 824 p.
• Muus, B.J. and J.G. Nielsen (1999). Sea fish. Scandinavian Fishing Year Book, Hedehusene, Denmark. 340 p.
• Svetovidov, A.N. (1964). Handbook of the fauna of the USSR, fishes of the Black Sea. Izdatel'stvo Nauka, Moscow, 550 p.

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Notes

Contributors:

• Bisby, F.A., Y.R. Roskov, M.A. Ruggiero, T.M. Orrell, L.E. Paglinawan, P.W. Brewer, N. Bailly, J. van Hertum, eds (2007). Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life: 2007 Annual Checklist. Species 2000: Reading, U.K.
• Brands, S.J. (comp.) 1989-2006. Systema Naturae 2000. The Taxonomicon. Universal Taxonomic Services, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. Accessed April 20, 2007.
• FishBase 2006.
• Global Biodiversity Information Facility. Accessed December 09, 2007. http://www.gbif.org Mediated distribution data from 17 providers.

Data Sources:

Accessed through GBIF Data Portal November 17, 2007:

• Institute of Marine and Coastal Sciences, Rutgers University, A comparison of benthic biodiversity in the North Sea, English Channel and Celtic Seas
• Institute of Marine and Coastal Sciences, Rutgers University, Taxonomic Information Sytem for the Belgian coastal area
• Institute of Marine and Coastal Sciences, Rutgers University, iziko South African Museum - Fish Collection
• Museum national d'histoire naturelle, Ichtyologie
• Royal Ontario Museum, Fish specimens
• Senckenberg, Collection Pisces
• The Swedish Museum of Natural History
• , Fishes
• The Swedish Museum of Natural History
• , Fishes of the Gothenburg Natural History Museum
• UK National Biodiversity Network, Countryside Council for Wales - Benthic Marine data from CCW Technical Support
• Contracts
• UK National Biodiversity Network, Marine Biological Association - Marine survey data
• held by MarLIN.
• University of Navarra, Museum of Zoology, Museum of Zoology, University of Navarra

Identifiers:

• Fishbase Species ID: 68
• Global Biodiversity Information Facility Taxonkey: 13551688
• Zipcode Zoo Species Identifier: 1472917

Footnotes:

1. Frimodt, C. (1995). Multilingual illustrated guide to the world's commercial warmwater fish. Fishing News Books, Osney Mead, Oxford, England. 215 p.
2. Hureau, J.-C. (1986). Triglidae. p. 1230-1238. In P.J.P. Whitehead, M.-L. Bauchot, J.-C. Hureau, J. Nielsen and E. Tortonese (eds.) Fishes of the North-eastern Atlantic and the Mediterranean. UNESCO, Paris. Vol. 3.
3. Hureau, J.-C. (1986). Triglidae. p. 1230-1238. In P.J.P. Whitehead, M.-L. Bauchot, J.-C. Hureau, J. Nielsen and E. Tortonese (eds.) Fishes of the North-eastern Atlantic and the Mediterranean. UNESCO, Paris. Vol. 3.
4. Frimodt, C. (1995). Multilingual illustrated guide to the world's commercial warmwater fish. Fishing News Books, Osney Mead, Oxford, England. 215 p.