Lampetra tridentata

• Common Names
• Description
• Biology
• Taxonomy
• Similar Species
• Bibliography
• More Info
• Notes

Common Names

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Description

Family Petromyzontidae

Distribution: mainly temperate zones of the world. Marine species anadromous . Eel-like, jawless fish with cartilaginous skeleton and notochord . Pouch-like gills not supported by gill arches. No scales and no paired fins ; 1-2 dorsal fins. Teeth on oral disc and tongue. Dorsal and ventral nerve roots separated. Nasohypophyseal sac has an external opening only. Intestinal tract with spiral valve and cilia. Sexes separate. Eggs numerous (thousands), small and not yolky, buried in spawning redds excavated in clean, hard bottoms (litophilous broodhiders). Parents die after spawning. Radical metamorphosis of ammocoete larvae in freshwater . Lampreys (together with hagfishes ) are the most primitive extant vertebrates . Definite fossil records date back to the upper Carboniferous, about 280 million years ago (Ref. 12268). Members of Petromyzontinae have the highest number of chromosomes (164-174) among vertebrates. Larvae max 10 cm, adults max 120 cm. Parasitic or non-parasitic, the latter restricted to freshwater. Ammocoetes and adults are used as bait in some areas. A number of species are used as food. petr- (gr.) = stone , myz- (gr.) = suck Some authors put the southern hemisphere lampreys into the separate families Mordaciidae and Geotriidae (Ref. 12268).The family Petromyzontidae belongs to the Class Cephalaspidomorphi (lampreys) and the Order Petromyzontiformes. It contains 6 genera and 41 species. It may be found in Marine, Brackish , and Freshwater environments and is primarily Peripheral/diadromous. Members of this family are not used in the aquarium trade. Reproductively, most members of this family are nonguarders. The main mode of swimming of adult fish in this family is anguilliform . Members of this family have been dated back to the Permian period. This family may be found from 78° n to 29° s and 180° w to 180° e. Etymology of this family name : Latin, petra = stone + Greek, myzo = to suckle + Greek, odous, odontos = teeth

Habitat

Spawning adults are found in gravel riffles and runs of clear coastal streams ; feeding adults usually in the ocean, but landlocked populations occur (Ref. 998); ammocoetes in silt , mud , and sand of shallow eddies and backwaters of streams (Ref. 5723).

Typically found at an altitude of 0 to 1,672 meters (0 to 5,486 feet).Mean = -561.580 meters (-1,842.454 feet), Standard Deviation = 1,679.200 based on 36 observations. Altitude information for each observation from British Oceanographic Data Centre.

Biome: Fresh water , brackish water, saltwater . Demersal .

Biology

Diet

Parasitic adults attach themselves to the side or undersurface of its prey , from which it draws blood and body fluids as food. Preys on fishes and sperm whales (Ref. 6885). Stops feeding once upstream spawning migration is underway (Ref. 1998).

Taxonomy

Ambiguous Synonyms

1. Entosphenus epihexodon Gill, 1862 1863
2. Petromyzon ciliatus Ayres, 1855
3. Petromyzon epihexodon (Gill, 1862) 1863

Unambiguous Synonyms

1. Entosphenus tridentatus (Richardson, 1836)
2. Entosphenus tridentatus subsp. tridentatus (Richardson, 1836)
3. Lampetra tridentata (Richardson, 1836)
4. Lampetra tridentatus (Richardson, 1836)
5. Petromyzon astori Girard, 1858
6. Petromyzon ciliatus Ayres, 1855
7. Petromyzon lividus Girard, 1858
8. Petromyzon tridentatus Richardson, 1836

Notes

Name Status: Accepted Name .

Family : Lampreys .

Similar Species

Members of the genus Lampetra

There are approximately 42 species in this genus:

L. aepyptera (Least Brook Lamprey) · L. aepytra · L. alaskensis (Alaskan Brook Lamprey) · L. appendix (American Brook Lamprey) · L. asyesii · L. fluviatilis · L. ayresii (Parasitic River Lamprey) · L. fluviatilis (European River Lamprey) · L. fluviatilis japonica · L. fluviatilis ladogensis · L. fluviatilis praecox · L. folletti (Modoc Brook Lamprey) · L. geminis (Mexican Brook Lamprey) · L. hubbsi · L. japonica kessleri · L. japonica septentrionalis · L. japonicum · L. japonicus · Lethenteron camtschaticum · L. lammotei · L. lamottei · L. lamotteni (Brook Lamprey) · L. appendix · L. lanceolata (Turkish Brook Lamprey) · L. lethophaga (Pit-Klamath Brook Lamprey) · L. macrostoma (Lake Lamprey) · L. meridionale · L. minima (Miller Lake Lamprey) · L. mitsukurii major · L. mitsukurii minor · L. morii (Korean Lamprey) · L. pacifica (Pacific Brook Lamprey) · L. planeri (Brook Lamprey) · L. reissneri (Asiatic Brook Lamprey) · L. richardsini · L. richardsoni (Klamath Lamprey) · L. similis (Klamath Lamprey) · L. sp · L. spadicea (Chapala Lamprey) · L. tridentata (Pacific Lamprey) · Lethenteron camtschaticum · L. ayresii

Bibliography

• Hart, J.L. (1973). Pacific fishes of Canada. Fish. Res. Board Can. Bull. 180:1-740.
• Lamb, A. and P. Edgell (1986). Coastal fishes of the Pacific northwest. Harbour Publishing Co. Ltd., B.C., Canada. 224 p.
• Masuda, H., K. Amaoka, C. Araga, T. Uyeno and T. Yoshino (1984). The fishes of the Japanese Archipelago. Vol. 1 (text). Tokai University Press, Tokyo, Japan. 437 p. (text), 370 pls.
• Morrow, J.E. (1980). The freshwater fishes of Alaska. University of. B.C. Animal Resources Ecology Library. 248p.
• Page, L.M. and B.M. Burr (1991). A field guide to freshwater fishes of North America north of Mexico. Houghton Mifflin Company, Boston. 432 p.
• Reshetnikov, Y.S., N.G. Bogutskaya, E.D. Vasil'eva, E.A. Dorofeeva, A.M. Naseka, O.A. Popova, K.A. Savvaitova, V.G. Sideleva and L.I. Sokolov (1997). An annotated check-list of the freshwater fishes of Russia. J. Ichthyol. 37(9):687-736.
• Robins, Richard C., Reeve M. Bailey, Carl E. Bond, James R. Brooker, Ernest A. Lachner, et al. 1980. A List of Common and Scientific Names of Fishes from the United States and Canada, Fourth Edition. American Fisheries Society Special Publication, no. 12. American Fisheries Society. Bethesda, Maryland, USA. 174.

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Notes

Contributors

• Brands, S.J. (comp.) 1989-2006. Systema Naturae 2000. The Taxonomicon. Universal Taxonomic Services, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. Accessed April 20, 2007.
• Global Biodiversity Information Facility. Accessed March 01, 2008. http://www.gbif.org Mediated distribution data from 6 providers.
• MBLWHOI Library: Universal Biological Index and Organizer. uBio.org accessed July 17, 2008.
• McCosker, John (from FishBase).

Data Sources

Accessed through GBIF Data Portal March 01, 2008:

• Alaska Ocean Observing System: Arctic Ocean Diversity
• Burke Museum: University of Washington Fish Collection
• Canadian Museum of Nature: Canadian Museum of Nature Fish Collection
• Institute of Marine and Coastal Sciences, Rutgers University: Canadian Museum of Nature - Fish Collection (OBIS Canada)
• Institute of Marine and Coastal Sciences, Rutgers University: NODC WOD01 Plankton Database
• Institute of Marine and Coastal Sciences, Rutgers University: North Pacific Groundfish Observer (North Pacific Research Board)
• Los Angeles County Museum of Natural History: Vertebrate specimens
• Royal Ontario Museum: Fish specimens
• University of Kansas Biodiversity Research Center: Fish Collection

Identifiers

• Biodiversity Heritage Library NamebankID: 2495160
• Catalogue of Life Accepted Name Code: Fis-24085
• Fishbase Species ID: 2529
• Global Biodiversity Information Facility Taxonkey: 110218
• Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS) Taxonomic Serial Number (TSN): 159713
• Natural Heritage Network Species Identifier: AFBAA02100
• Zipcode Zoo Species Identifier: 15642

Footnotes

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