Interesting Facts
- Common. This is the typical mall parking lot bird in winter.
Common Names
Click on the language to view common names.
Common Names in Basque:
Delaware Kaioa
Common Names in Breton:
Ar Gouelan Beg Gwalennek
Common Names in Catalan:
Gavina De Delaware
Common Names in Catalan (Balears):
Gavina De Delaware
Common Names in Czech:
Racek Delawarský
Common Names in Danish:
Ringnæbbet Måge
Common Names in Dutch:
Ringsnavel Meeuw, Ringsnavelmeeuw
Common Names in English:
Common Gull, Lake Gull, Ring-Bill Gull, Ring-Billed Gull
Common Names in Estonian:
Vöötnokk-Kajakas
Common Names in Faroese:
Sæðingur
Common Names in Finnish:
Rengasnokkalokki
Common Names in French:
Goèland à Bec Cerclè, Goéland à Bec Cerclé, Goéland à Bec Cerclé
Common Names in Galician:
Gaivota De Delaware
Common Names in German:
Delawarenmöwe, Ringschnabelmöwe, Ringschnabelmöwe
Common Names in Haitian Creole Frenc:
Mòv Bèk Jòn
Common Names in Hungarian:
Gyuruscsoru Sirály
Common Names in Icelandic:
Hringmáfur
Common Names in Irish:
Faoileán Bandghobach
Common Names in Italian:
Gabbiano Del Delaware, Gabbiano Di Delaware, Gavina Americana
Common Names in Japanese:
クãƒãƒ¯ã‚«ãƒ¢ãƒ¡, Kurowakamome
Common Names in Latin:
Larus delawarensis
Common Names in Lithuanian:
Žiedasnapis Kiras
Common Names in Norwegian:
Ringnebbmåke
Common Names in Polish:
Mewa Delawarska
Common Names in Portuguese:
Alcatraz De Delaware, Gaivota De Delaware
Common Names in Portuguese (Brazil):
Gaivota-De-Bico-Manchado
Common Names in Romansh:
Muetta Dal Bec a Cularin
Common Names in Slovak:
Cajka Obrúckozobá
Common Names in Slovenian:
Progastokljuni Galeb
Common Names in Spanish:
Apipizca De Delaware, Gaviota De Delaware, Gaviota Pico Anillado
Common Names in Spanish (Costa Rica):
Gaviota Piquianillada
Common Names in Spanish (Cuba):
Gallego Real
Common Names in Spanish (Dominican R:
Gaviota
Common Names in Spanish (Honduras):
Gaviota Pico Anillado
Common Names in Spanish (Mexico):
Gaviota Pico Anillado
Common Names in Swedish:
Ringnäbbad Mås
Common Names in Turkish:
Halkali Marti
Common Names in Welsh:
Gwylan Fodrwybig
Description
Physical Description
Adult : Head : white Face : Eye Color: yellow Eye Ring: red Bill: yellow with black band Neck: white Body: Back: pale gray Mantle: pale gray Rump : white Size: large Underparts: white Upperparts: white Legs : Foot Color: yellow Leg Color: yellow Tail: white.First Winter: Head: mostly white Crown: dusky mottling Face: Eye Color: brown Bill: dull flesh colored with black tip Neck: mostly white Hindneck: dusky mottling Body: Mantle: gray-brown, mottled and scaled with grayish-buff Rump: mostly white with dusky mottling Underparts: mostly white Legs: Leg Color: grayish-flesh colored Wings: Remiges : blackish Secondaries: tipped with white Tail: mostly white with black subterminal band.
Color:
Adults
have a white head
, neck, chest, belly, and tail; gray back and wings; black primaries (flight feathers) with the outer two having white spots; yellow bill with a black band
; and yellow legs
and feet. Juveniles
are variably mottled
browns, with black bills and black primaries.
Adult alternate: Bright yellow bill with complete
black ring
at gonys · Bright yellow legs · Yellow eye · White head, neck, breast and belly · Pale
gray back and upperwings · White tertial crescent · Black primaries with white tips
and two white mirrors on outer primaries · White tail
Adult basic: Like adult alternate but thin dark streaks about head and duller soft parts
Juvenile: Black bill quickly developing pale base · Pale head, breast, back and belly with light brown scalloping · Dark upperwing coverts with wide white edgings · Pale belly · Dark outer primaries · Dark terminal band on white tail
First-year: Pink bill with black tip · Pink or gray legs · White head, neck and upper breast streaked with brown · Pale gray back · Upperwing coverts dull
brown · Pale gray secondaries · Black primaries · Dark terminal band on white tail
Second-year: Like adult basic but often with black-tipped yellow bill, entirely dark primaries and partial tail band
Size/Age/Growth
About 16 to 19 inches long, with a wingspan of 48 to 48 inches. Adults weigh about 19.2 ounces .
Habitat
Non-breeding habitats are similar to the breeding season habitats, but also include more urban habitats such as parking lots and garbage dumps.
Vegetation: freshwater marshes, coastal waters, coastal sand beaches and mudflats, arid lowland scrubs, pastures and agricultural lands, freshwater lakes and ponds • Maximum Elevation: 2,600 meters • Sensitivity to Disturbancet: Low
Typically found at an altitude of 0 to 2,839 meters (0 to 9,314 feet).[1]
Biology
Diet
The diet consists of a variety of materials , including fish, insects, small vertebrates , and in the winter, garbage. The Ring-billed Gull gathers food off the ground , or dives into the water while flying or swimming.
Reproduction
The breeding season
begins in early May and extends to early August. Breeding habitat
includes inland lakes
, rocky islands, isolated coastal areas, and sometimes islands in marshes. The Ring-billed Gull is a colonial
nester
, with many pairs nesting in the same area. The saucer-shaped
nest
is built on the ground
by both adults
out of grasses and other plant material
. The nest is lined
with finer grass
and feathers
. The female lays
1-7 (usually 2-4) eggs
that both adults take turns
incubating for about 21 days. The young are semiprecocial and are cared for by both adults. The young are able to swim
at an early age and can fly when they are about 35 days old. They take 3 years to reach sexual maturity. Like other 3-year gulls, the Ring-billed Gull acquires a new and different plumage in each of its first three fall
molts
.
- Breeding Habitat: Wetland-open water
- Clutch Size: 3
- Length of Incubation : 21 days
- Number of Broods: 1
Migration
Migratory
Taxonomy
- Kingdom:
Animalia
(
)
- animals
- Phylum:
Chordata
(
)
- Chordates
- Class:
Aves
(
)
- Birds
- Order:
Ciconiiformes
(
)
- Albatrosses, Alcids
- Order:
Ciconiiformes
(
- Class:
Aves
(
- Phylum:
Chordata
(
Notes
Name Status: Accepted Name . Latest taxonomic scrutiny: 17-Oct-2001.
Similar Species
California Gull, Herring Gull
Members of the genus Larus
There are approximately 173 species in this genus. Here are just 100 of them:
L. alba · L. argentatus (Herring Gull) · L. argentatus antelius · L. argentatus argentatus (Herring Gull) · L. argentatus argenteus · L. argentatus atlantis · L. argentatus birulae · L. argentatus cachinnans · L. argentatus drosti · L. argentatus heuglini · L. argentatus michahellis · L. argentatus mongolicus · L. argentatus omissus · L. argentatus smithsonianus · L. argentatus thayeri · L. argentatus vegae · L. armenicus (Armenian Gull) · L. atlanticus (OlrogÃŒs Gull) · L. atricilla (Laughing Gull) · L. atricilla atricilla (Laughing Gull) · L. atricilla megalopterus · L. audouini · L. audouinii (AudouinÃŒs Gull) · L. azarae · L. belcheri (Band-Tailed Gull) · L. belcheri atlanticus · L. belcheri belcheri (Band-Tailed Gull) · L. borealis · L. brachyrhynchus (Mew Gull) · L. brevirostris (Red-Legged Kittiwake) · L. bridgesii · L. brunneicephalus · L. brunnicephalus (Indian Black-Headed Gull) · L. bulleri (Black-Billed Gull) · L. cachin · L. cachinans · L. cachinnans (Yellow-Legged Gull) · L. cachinnans atlantis · L. cachinnans barabensis · L. cachinnans cachinnans · L. cachinnans michahellis · L. cachinnans mongolicus · L. californicus (Californian Gull) · L. californicus albertaensis (Light-Mantled California Gull) · L. californicus californicus (Dark-Mantled California Gull) · L. canus (Common Kamchatka Gull) · L. canus brachyrhynchus (Mew Gull) · L. canus canus (Common Kamchatka Gull) · L. canus heinei (Mew Gull) · L. canus kamtschatschensis (Eastern Common Gull) · L. canus stegmanni · L. capensis · L. capistratus · L. cirrhocephalus · L. cirrocephalus (Grey-Headed Gull) · L. cirrocephalus cirrocephalus (Gray-Hooded Gull) · L. cirrocephalus poicephalus · L. cirrocephalus poiocephalus · L. crassirostris (Black-Tailed Gull) · L. delawarensis (Ring-Billed Gull) · L. delewarensis · L. dominicanus (Southern Black-Backed Gull) · L. dominicanus austrinus · L. dominicanus dominicanus (Southern Black-Backed Gull) · L. dominicanus judithae · L. dominicanus melisandae · L. dominicanus vetula · L. eburnea (Ivory Gull) · L. eburneus · L. elegans · L. fuliginosus (Dusky Gull) · L. furcatus (Swallow-Tailed Gull) · L. fuscus (Lesser Black-Backed Gull) · L. fuscus fuscus (Lesser Black-Backed Gull) · L. fuscus graellsi · L. fuscus graellsii (Lesser Black-Backed Gull) · L. fuscus heuglini · L. fuscus intermedius · L. gelastes · L. genei (Slender-Billed Gull) · L. glaucescens (Glaucous-Winged Gull) · L. glaucescens occidentalis · L. glaucescens x · L. glaucoides (White-Winged Gull) · L. glaucoides glaucoides (White-Winged Gull) · L. glaucoides kumlieni (Kumlien's Gull) · L. glaucoides thayeri (Iceland Gull) · L. glaucus · L. graellsii · L. haematorhynchus · L. hartlaubi · L. hartlaubii (King Gull) · L. heermanni (White-Headed Gull) · L. heermannii · L. hemprichi · L. hemprichii (Sooty Gull) · L. hermanni · L. heuglini · L. heuglini heuglini · L. hybrid
More Info
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Further Reading
- A bibliography of birds: with special reference to anatomy, behavior, biochemistry --. by Reuben Myron Strong Chicago: Field Museum of Natural History, 1959 UND url p. 102.
- A biological survey of the waters of Woods Hole and vicinity / By Francis B. Sumner, Raymond C. Osburn, and Leon J. Cole. Washington: Govt. Print. Off., 1913 ENG url p. 776, p. 847.
- A check list of North American birds. Boston: Estes and Lauriat, 1882. ENG url p. 121.
- A first book upon the birds of Oregon and Washington: a pocket guide and pupil's assistant in a study of the more common land birds and a few of the shore and water birds of these states / by William Rogers Lord. Portland, Or.: William Rogers Lod, Office of the J.K. Gill Co., 1902 ENG url p. 269.
- A geographic classification of Neotropical mammals. [Chicago]Chicago Natural History Museum, 1958. ENG url p. 632.
- A guide to the birds of New England and eastern New York; containing a key for each season and short descriptions of over 250 species, with particular reference to their appearance in the field, by Ralph Huffmann...with four full page plates by Louis Agas BostonHoughton, Mifflin and company1904. ENG url p. 323.
- A history of British birds / by William Yarrell, V.P.L.S., F.Z.S. London: John van Voorst, 1871-1885. ENG url p. 616.
- A history of the birds of Colorado, by William Lutley Sclater London, Witherby and co., 1912. ENG url p. 15, p. 17.
- A list of the birds of New Hampshire. By Glover M. Allen. Manchester, N.H., Nature Study press, 1903. ENG url p. 188, p. 213, p. 67.
- A popular handbook of the ornithology of eastern North America. By Thomas Nuttall. Boston, Little, Brown, and Company, 1896. ENG url p. 243.
- A systematic list of the birds of California / by Joseph Grinnell. Hollywood: Cooper Ornithological Club, 1912. ENG url p. 12.
- An ecological characterization of Coastal Maine (north and east of Cape Elizabeth) / Stewart I. Fefer and Patricia S. Schettig: principal investigators. Newton Corner, Mass.: Department of the Interior, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Northeast Region, 1980. ENG url p. 4.
- Annals of the Carnegie Museum. [Pittsburgh]: Published by authority of the Board of Trustees of the Carnegie Institute, 1901- ENG url p. 504.
- Annual report of the Board of Regents of the Smithsonian Institution. Washington: Smithsonian Institution, -1965. ENG url p. 106, p. 108, p. 120, p. 123, p. 149, p. 151, p. 152, p. 420, p. 420, p. 59, p. 68, p. 96, p. 99.
- Asteroid notes. Northfield, Minn, Goodsell Observatory of Carleton College, 1934-1950. ENG url p. 217.
- Audubon and his journals, by Maria R. Audubon. With zoical and other notes by Elliott Coues. New York, Scribner's Sons, 1897. ENG url p. 402, p. 541.
- BirdLife International. 2000. Threatened Birds of the World. Lynx Edicions and BirdLife International, Barcelona, Spain and Cambridge, U.K.
- BirdLife International. 2004 Threatened Birds of the World 2004. CD-ROM. BirdLife International, Cambridge, U.K.
- Birds in Kansas / Max C. Thompson and Charles Ely. Lawrence, Kan.: University of Kansas, Museum of Natural History: c1989- ENG url p. 286.
- Birds of America; editor-in-chief, T. Gilbert Pearson; consulting editor, John Burroughs; artists, R.I. Brasher, R. Bruce Horsfall [and] Henry Thurston. New York, The University Society, 1923. ENG url p. 46.
- Birds of California; an introduction to more than three hundred common birds of the state and adjacent islands, with a supplementary list of rare migrants, accidental visitants, and hypothetical subspecies, by Irene Grosvenor Wheelock with ten fullpag Chicago, A.C. McClurg and Co., 1912. ENG url p. 40.
- Birds of the Colorado Valley: a repository of scientific and popular information concerning North American ornithology / by Elliott Coues. Washington: G.P.O., 1878. ENG url p. 603.
- Birds of the Northwest: a hand-book of the ornithology of the region drained by the Missouri River and its tributaries / by Elliott Coues. Washington: Govt. Print. Off., 1874. ENG url p. 636, p. 637.
- Birds of the Pacific coast, including a brief account of the distribution and habitat of one hundred and eighteen birds that are more or less common to the Pacific coast states and British Columbia, many of which are found east by Willard Ayres Eliot; wi New York, G. P. Putnam's sons, 1923. ENG url p. 172.
- Birds of the Rockies, by Leander S. Keyser... with eight full-page plates [four in color] by Louis Agassiz Fuertes; many illustrations in the text by Bruce Horsfall, and eight views of localities from photographs; with a c Chicago, A. C. McClurg and co., 1902. ENG url p. 309.
- Birds. With the co-operation of John Cassin and George N. Lawrence. Washington, D.C., 1858. ENG url p. 846, p. 847.
- Bulletin - United States National Museum. Washington: Smithsonian Institution Press, [etc.];1877-1971. ENG url p. 132, p. 146, p. 266, p. 307, p. 326, p. 34, p. 467, p. 52, p. 583, p. 584, p. 6, p. 623, p. 625, p. 629, p. 74, p. 74, p. 92.
- Bulletin of the Bird Club of Princeton University. Princeton, N.J.: The Club, 1901. ENG url p. 22, p. 35.
- Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History). London: BM(NH) ENG url p. 222.
- Bulletin of the Essex Institute. Salem, Mass., Essex Institute. ENG url p. 29, p. 86, p. 91.
- Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard College. Cambridge, Mass.: The Museum, ENG url p. 115, p. 153, p. 173, p. 183, p. 21, p. 257, p. 366, p. 413, p. 434, p. 60, p. 624, p. 627.
- Bulletin of the Nuttall Ornithological Club. Cambridge, Mass.: The Club, [1876-1883] ENG url p. 186, p. 51.
- Cassinia. Philadelphia, Delaware Valley Ornithological Club. ENG url p. 43, p. 47.
- Catalogue of birds of the Americas and the adjacent islands in Field Museum of Natural History. Charles E. Hellmayr, Boardman Conover. Chicago: Field Museum of Natural History, 1948. ENG url p. 257, p. 259.
- Catalogue of the Birds in the British Museum. London, 1874-98. ENG url p. 273, p. 276, p. 280.
- Catalogue of the Collection of Birds' Eggs in the British Museum / By E. W. Oates [and afterwards] by S. G. Reid [and] W. R. Ogilvie-Grant. London, 1901-12. ENG url p. 217.
- Check-list of North American birds / prepared by a committee of the American ornithologists' union. Lancaster, Pa.: The Union, 1931. ENG url p. 133.
- Color key to North American birds, by Frank M. Chapman with upward of 800 drawings by Chester A. Reed, B. S. New York, Doubleday, Page and company, 1903. ENG url p. 52.
- FWS/0BS. [Washington]Fish and Wildlife Service, U.S. Dept. of the Interior. ENG url p. 121, p. 136, p. 138, p. 217, p. 25.
- Fauna of New England, 11: list of the aves / by Glover M. Allen. Boston: Society of Natural History, 1909. ENG url p. 14.
- Fauna of the Aleutian Islands and Alaska Peninsula, by Olaus J. Murie. Invertebrates and fishes collected in the Aleutians, 1936-38, by Victor B. Scheffer. [Washington, Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, 1959] ENG url p. 172.
- First report of the state zoist: accompanied with Notes on the birds of Minnesota / by P.L. Hatch, Henry F. Nachtrieb, state zoist. Minneapolis: Geological and Natural History Survey of Minnesota: 1892. ENG url p. 16.
- Fishery bulletin of the Fish and Wildlife Service. Washington, The Service, U.S. Govt Print. Off. ENG url p. 532.
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- Handbook of birds of the western United States, including the great plains, great basin, Pacific slope, and lower Rio Grande valley, by Florence Merriam Bailey, with thirty-three full-page plates by Louis Agassiz Fuertes, and over six hundred cuts in the Boston, Houghton, Mifflin and company, 1904. ENG url p. 23, p. 48, p. 70.
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- Michigan bird life: a list of all the bird species known to occur in the State together with an outline of their classification and an account of the life history of each species, with special reference to its relation t by Walter Bradford Barrows. Lansing: Michigan Agricultural College, 1912. ENG url p. 54, p. 734.
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- Tulane studies in zoology and botany. New Orleans: Tulane University, [1968- ENG url p. 43.
- University of Kansas publications, Museum of Natural History. Lawrence, University of Kansas. ENG url p. 202, p. 327, p. 463, p. 565, p. 686.
- Zoe: a biological journal. San Francisco. ENG url p. 136.
- Zoe:a biological journal. 3 1892 San Diego, Calif. [etc.]Zoe Publishing Co. ENG url p. 136.
- Zoologischer Anzeiger. Jena, VEB Gustav Fischer Verlag. GER url p. 543.
Notes
Contributors
- BirdLife International 2004. In IUCN 2008. 2008 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. IUCNRedList.org. Downloaded July 18, 2008.
- Bisby, F.A., Y.R. Roskov, M.A. Ruggiero, T.M. Orrell, L.E. Paglinawan, P.W. Brewer, N. Bailly, J. van Hertum, eds (2007). Species 2000 and ITIS Catalogue of Life: 2007 Annual Checklist. Species 2000: Reading, U.K.
- Brands, S.J. (comp.) 1989-2006. Systema Naturae 2000. The Taxonomicon. Universal Taxonomic Services, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. Accessed April 21, 2007.
- Global Biodiversity Information Facility. Accessed November 12, 2007. http://www.gbif.org Mediated distribution data from 7 providers.
- Peterson, Alan P. Zoological Nomenclature Resource. Accessed June 19, 2009.
Data Sources
Accessed through GBIF Data Portal November 12, 2007:
- Canadian Biodiversity Information Facility, North West Territories and Nunavut Bird Checklist, Canada
- Canadian Biodiversity Information Facility, Ontario Nest Records
- Canadian Biodiversity Information Facility, Provincial Museum of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada. Birds
- Canadian Biodiversity Information Facility, Royal British Columbia Museum
- Marine Science Institute, UCSB, Paleobiology Database
- Museum of Vertebrate Zoology, Terrestrial vertebrate specimens
- New Brunswick Museum, NBM birds
- Santa Barbara Museum of Natural History, Santa Barbara Musem of Natural History
- University of Michigan Museum of Zoology
- , Bird specimens
Identifiers
- Biodiversity Heritage Library NamebankID: 3851265
- Catalogue of Life Accepted Name Code: ITS-176830
- Global Biodiversity Information Facility Taxonkey: 13816671
- Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS) Taxonomic Serial Number (TSN): 176830
- IUCN ID: 49216
- Natural Heritage Network Species Identifier: ABNNM03100
- Zipcode Zoo Species Identifier: 895
Footnotes
- Mean = 205.120 meters (672.966 feet), Standard Deviation = 345.870 based on 19,998 observations. Altitude information for each observation from British Oceanographic Data Centre. [back]
