Passerina cyanea

• Common Names
• Description
• Biology
• Taxonomy
• Similar Species
• Bibliography
• More Info
• Notes

Common Names

Click on the language to view common names.

Description

Family Fringillidae

A Family of seed-eating, small to moderately large passerine birds that have strong , stubby beaks, which in some species can be quite large. They have a bouncing flight, alternating flapping with gliding on closed wings. Most sing well.

Physical Description

Habitat

Found in wood margins and brushy areas.

Vegetation: arid lowland scrubs, second-growth scrub, arid lowland scrubs, riparian thickets, tropical lowland evergreen forest, second-growth forests and woodlands • Maximum Elevation: 2,000 meters • Sensitivity to Disturbancet: Low

Biology

Diet

Mostly:

Insects

Lesser Quantities of: Seeds Fruit

Reproduction

Nests from late May to early August.

• Breeding Habitat : Successional-scrub
• Nest Location: Ground-low nesting
• Nest Type: Open-cup
• Clutch Size: 2-6
• Length of Incubation : 12-13 days
• Days to Fledge : 9-10
• Number of Broods: 2

Migration

Migratory

Taxonomy

Unambiguous Synonyms

1. Passerina cyanea (Linnaeus, 1766)

Notes

Name Status: Accepted Name . Latest taxonomic scrutiny: 17-Oct-2001.

Similar Species

Blue Grosbeak, Varied Bunting

Members of the genus Passerina

There are approximately 40 species in this genus:

P. amoena (Lazuli Bunting) · P. anthylloides subsp. glabrescens · P. anthylloides subsp. macrophylla · P. aucheri · P. brissonii · P. brissonii sterea · P. caeruela · P. caerula · P. caerulea (Blue Grosbeak) · P. caerulea caerulea · P. caerulea eurhyncha · P. caerulea interfusa · P. caerulea lazula · P. caerulea salicaria · P. caerulea salicarius · P. caerulescens · P. ciris (Painted Bunting) · P. ciris ciris (Painted Bunting) · P. ciris pallidior · P. cyanea (Indigo Bunting) · P. cyanea rothschildii · P. cyanoides · P. cyanoides rothschildii · P. glaucocaerulea · P. glomerata glomerata · P. griffithii · P. leclancherii · P. leclancherii grandior · P. leclancherii leclancherii · P. leclencherii · P. linariaefolia · P. parellina · P. parellina indigotica · P. polygalaefolia · P. rositae (Rose-Bellied Bunting) · P. versicolor (Varied Bunting) · P. versicolor dickeyae (Varied Bunting) · P. versicolor pulchra · P. versicolor purpurascens · P. versicolor versicolor

Bibliography

• Alsop, Fred J. III. Birds of North America - Eastern Region. First American Edition. Smithsonian Handbooks. DK Publishing, Inc. 2001.
• Banks, R. C., R. W. McDiarmid, A. L. Gardner, and W. C. Starnes 2003. Checklist of Vertebrates of the United States, the U.S. Territories, and Canada.
• Banks, R. C., R. W. McDiarmid, and A. L. Gardner 1987. Checklist of Vertebrates of the United States, the U.S. Territories, and Canada. Resource Publication, no. 166. United States Department of the Interior Fish and Wildlife Service. Washington, D.C., USA. 79.
• Bird Reference Citations. The numbers inserted in the text accounts above (usually in bold) refer to references. For further details on these references, click on the BirdLife International link above to go to the specific species account on the BirdLife web site. In some cases, particularly in the taxonomic notes, the references are cited using the author names. Details for these can be found on the BirdLife International web site at the following two places: For References from A–L. For References from M–Z.
• BirdLife International. 2000. Threatened Birds of the World. Lynx Edicions and BirdLife International, Barcelona, Spain and Cambridge, U.K.
• BirdLife International. 2004 Threatened Birds of the World 2004. CD-ROM. BirdLife International, Cambridge, U.K.
• Ehrlich, P., Dobkin, D., and Wheye, D. (1988). The Birders Handbook: A Field Guide to the Natural History of North American Birds. New York: Simon and Schuster Inc. (info on clutch size, length of incubation, days to fledge and number of broods.)
• Robbins, C.S., Bruun, B., Zim, H.S., (1966). Birds of North America. New York: Western Publishing Company, Inc. (Length and wingspan info.)

More Info

• Search for Pictures: images.google.com
• Search for Scholarly Articles: Google Scholar
• Search using Scientific Name and Vernacular Names: All the Web | AltaVista Canada | AltaVista | Excite | Google | HotBot | Lycos
• Search using Specialized Databases: GenBank | Medline | Scirus | CISTI/CAL | Agricola Periodicals | Agricola Books

Notes

Contributors

• BirdLife International 2004. In IUCN 2008. 2008 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. IUCNRedList.org. Downloaded July 18, 2008.
• Bisby, F.A., Y.R. Roskov, M.A. Ruggiero, T.M. Orrell, L.E. Paglinawan, P.W. Brewer, N. Bailly, J. van Hertum, eds (2007). Species 2000 and ITIS Catalogue of Life: 2007 Annual Checklist. Species 2000: Reading, U.K.
• Brands, S.J. (comp.) 1989-2006. Systema Naturae 2000. The Taxonomicon. Universal Taxonomic Services, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. Accessed October 3, 2006.
• Global Biodiversity Information Facility. Accessed February 29, 2008. http://www.gbif.org Mediated distribution data from 15 providers.
• Hines, J. E., Gregory Gough, J. R. Sauer, et al. USGS Patuxent Wildlife Research Center
• Mediated distribution data from 11 providers.
• Parker III, T.A., D.F. Stotz, and J.W. Fitzpatrick, and quot;Ecological and Distributional Databases for Neotropical Birds, and quot; in Neotropical Birds: Ecology and Conservation, by D.F. Stotz, T.A. Parker III, J.W. Fitzpatrick, and D.K. Moskovits (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1996). ISBN 0-226-64676-9.
• Sauer, J. R., J. E. Hines, and J. Fallon. 2005. The North American Breeding Bird Survey, Results and Analysis 1966 - 2004. Version 2005.2. USGS Patuxent Wildlife Research Center, Laurel, MD
• Sauer, J. R., S. Schwartz, and B. Hoover. 1996. The Christmas Bird Count Home Page. Version 95.1. USGS Patuxent Wildlife Research Center, Laurel, MD
• Universal Biological Indexer and Organizer. uBio.org accessed July 17, 2008.

Data Sources

Accessed through GBIF Data Portal February 29, 2008:

• Avian Knowledge Network: eBird
• Avian Knowledge Network: Great Backyard Bird Count
• Avian Knowledge Network: Macaulay Library - Video Data
• Avian Knowledge Network: Project FeederWatch
• Bird Studies Canada: Marsh Monitoring Program - Birds
• Bird Studies Canada: Ontario Breeding Bird Atlas 1981-1985
• Bird Studies Canada: Ontario Breeding Bird Atlas 2001-2005
• Borror Laboratory of Bioacoustics
• Canadian Biodiversity Information Facility: North West Territories and Nunavut Bird Checklist, Canada
• Canadian Biodiversity Information Facility: Provincial Museum of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada. Birds (Aves)
• Canadian Museum of Nature: Canadian Museum of Nature Bird Collection
• GBIF-Sweden: Birds (GBIF-SE:Artdatabanken)
• Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard University: MCZ Ornithology Collection
• Museum of Vertebrate Zoology: Terrestrial vertebrate specimens
• New Brunswick Museum: NBM birds
• Royal Ontario Museum: Bird specimens
• Santa Barbara Museum of Natural History: Santa Barbara Musem of Natural History
• UCLA-Dickey Bird Collection (UCLA-Dickey): Bird specimens
• UNIBIO, IBUNAM: CNAV/Coleccion Nacional de Aves
• University of Alaska Museum of the North: University of New Mexico Museum of Southwestern Biology Bird Collection
• University of Michigan Museum of Zoology (UMMZ): Bird specimens

Identifiers

• Biodiversity Heritage Library NamebankID: 3850911
• Catalogue of Life Accepted Name Code: ITS-179150
• Global Biodiversity Information Facility Taxonkey: 13816091
• Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS) Taxonomic Serial Number (TSN): 179150
• IUCN ID: 54092
• Natural Heritage Network Species Identifier: ABPBX64030
• Zipcode Zoo Species Identifier: 13641

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