Plethodon idahoensis

• Overview
• Common Names
• Description
• Taxonomy
• Similar Species
• More Info
• Further Reading
• Notes

Overview

Special Concern

Common Names

Description

Habitat

Ecology: Primary habitats are seepages and streamside talus ; also inhabits talus far from free water (deep talus mixed with moist soil on well-shaded north-facing slopes ); in wet weather, occurs also in leaf-litter and under bark and logs in coniferous forest . Terrestrial breeders with direct development ; eggs presumably are laid in underground rock crevices, although no nest sites have been found in the wild.[1]


List of Habitats:1.4Forest - Temperate 5.1Wetlands (inland) - Permanent Rivers/Streams/Creeks (includes waterfalls ) 5.9Wetlands (inland) - Freshwater Springs and Oases 6Rocky areas (eg. inland cliffs , mountain peaks)

Taxonomy

Unambiguous Synonyms

1. Plethodon cinereus cinereus (Green, 1818)
2. Salamandra cinerea Green, 1818

Notes

Name Status: Accepted Name . Latest taxonomic scrutiny: 29-Aug-2005

Similar Species

Members of the genus Plethodon

ZipcodeZoo has pages for 102 species and subspecies in this genus. Here are just 100 of them:

P. aeneus · P. ainsworthi (Ainsworth's Salamander) · P. albagula (White-Throated Slimy Salamander) · P. amplus (Blue Ridge Gray-Cheeked Salamander) · P. angusticlavius (Narrow-Striped Red-Backed Salamander) · P. asupak · P. aureolus (Tellico Salamander) · P. caddoensis (Caddo Mountain Salamander) · P. chatahoochee (Chattahoochee Slimy Salamander) · P. chattahoochee (Chattahoochee Slimy Salamander) · P. cheoah (Cheoah Bald Salamander) · P. chlorobryonis (Atlantic Coast Slimy Salamander) · P. cinereus (Northern Red-Backed Salamander) · P. cinereus angusticlavius · P. cinereus cinereus · P. cinereus dorsalis · P. cinereus erythronotus · P. cinereus polycentratus · P. cinereus serratus · P. cinerus · P. croceater · P. cylindraceus (White-Spotted Slimy Salamander) · P. dixi · P. dorsalis (Northern Zigzag Salamander) · P. dorsalis angusticlavius (Narrow-Striped Red-Backed Salamander) · P. dorsalis dorsalis (Eastern Zigzag Salamander) · P. dunni (Western Tan-Backed Salamander) · P. electromorphus (Northern Ravine Salamander) · P. elongatus (Del Norte Salamander) · P. erythronotus · P. eschscholtzii · P. flavipunctatus · P. fourchensis (Fourche Mountain Salamander) · P. gluntinosus · P. glutinosis · P. glutinosus (Northern Slimy Salamander) · P. glutinosus albagula · P. glutinosus complex · P. glutinosus glutinosus (Northern Slimy Salamander) · P. glutinosus grobmani · P. glutinosus variolatus · P. gluttonosus · P. gordoni · P. grobmani (Southeastern Slimy Salamander) · P. hardii · P. hoffmani (Valley and Ridge Salamander) · P. hubrichti (Peaks of Otter Salamander) · P. huldae · P. idahoensis (Coeur D'alene Salamander) · P. intermedius · P. jordani (Appalachian Woodland Salamander) · P. jordani clemsonae · P. jordani jordani (Appalachian Woodland Salamander) · P. jordani kentucki · P. jordani melaventris · P. jordani metcalfi · P. jordani rabunensis · P. jordani shermani · P. jordoni · P. kentucki (Cumberland Plateau Salamander) · P. kiamichi (Kiamichi Slimy Salamander) · P. kisatchie (Louisiana Slimy Salamander) · P. larselli (Larch Mountain Salamander) · P. longicrus · P. meridianus (South Mountain Gray-Cheeked Salamander) · P. metcalfi (Southern Gray-Cheeked Salamander) · P. mississippi (Mississippi Slimy Salamander) · P. montanus (Northern Gray-Cheeked Salamander) · P. neomexicanus (Jemez Mountains Salamander) · P. nettingi (Cheat Mountain Salamander) · P. ocmulgee (Central Georgia Slimy Salamander) · P. oconaluftee (Southern Appalachian Salamander) · P. oregonensis · P. ouachitae (Rich Mountain Salamander) · P. ouatichae · P. petraeus (Pigeon Mountain Salamander) · P. punctatus (White Spotted Salamander) · P. richmondi (Southern Ravine Salamander) · P. richmondi popei · P. richmondi shenandoah · P. savannah (Eastern Georgia Slimy Salamander) · P. sequoyah (Southeastern Oklahoma Slimy Salamander) · P. serratus (Southern Red-Backed Salamander) · P. shenandoah (Shenandoah Salamander) · P. sherando (Big Levels Salamander) · P. shermani (Red-Legged Salamander) · P. shermani melaventris · P. shermani rabunensis · P. stormi (Siskiyou Mountains Salamander) · P. teyahalee (Southern Appalachian Salamander) · P. vandykei (Van Dyke's Salamander) · P. vandykei idahoensis · P. vandykei vandykei (Van Dyke's Salamander) · P. variolatus (South Carolina Slimy Salamander) · P. vehiculum (Western Red-Backed Salamander) · P. vehiculus · P. ventralis (Southern Zigzag Salamander) · P. virginia (Shenandoah Mountain Salamander) · P. websteri (Southern Zig-Zag Salamander) · P. wehrlei (Dixie Caverns Salamander)

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Further Reading

• Amphibian Data. For additional documentation about utilization and CITES status, click on the Global Amphibian Assessment (GAA) link above to see the GAA account for this species or alternatively follow this link to the search function on the Global Amphibian Assessment web site and run your own search.
• Banks, R. C., R. W. McDiarmid, A. L. Gardner, and W. C. Starnes 2003. Checklist of Vertebrates of the United States, the U.S. Territories, and Canada.
• Belt, G.H., O'Laughlin, J. and Merrill, T. 1992. Design of forest riparian buffer strips for the protection of water quality: analysis of scientific literature. Report No. 8. Id. For. Wildl. and Policy Analysis Group, Id. For., Wildl. and Range Exp. Sta., University of Idaho., Moscow, ID, USA.
• Beschta, R.L., Bilby, R.E., Brown, G.W., Holtby, L.B. and Hofstra, T.D. 1987. Stream temperatures and aquatic habitat: Fisheries and forestry interactions. In: E.O. Salo and T.W. Cundy (eds), Streamside management: Forestry and fishery interactions, pp. 191-232. Contrib. 57, Inst. For. Resour., University of Washington, Seattle, Washington.
• Blackburn, L., Nanjappa, P. and Lannoo, M.J. 2001. An Atlas of the Distribution of U.S. Amphibians. Ball State University, Muncie, IN, USA.
• Blaustein, A.R. and Wake, D.B. 1995. The puzzle of declining amphibian populations. Sci. Am. 272: 52-7.
• Brodie Jr., E.D. and Storm, R.M. 1970. Plethodon vandykei. Catalogue of American Amphibians and Reptiles 91: 1-2.
• Brodie, E.D. 1970. Western salamanders of the genus Plethodon: systematics and geographic variation. Herpetologica 26: 468-516.
• Brown, G.W. and Krygier, J.T. 1970. Effects of clear-cutting on stream temperature. Water Resources Res. 6(4): 1133-1139.
• Bury, R.B. 1983. Differences in amphibian populations in logged and old growth Redwood forest. Northwest Science 57: 167-178.
• Bury, R.B. and Corn, P.S. 1988. Douglas-fir forests in the Oregon and Washington Cascades: relation of the herpetofauna to stand age and moisture. In: R. Szaro, K. Severson and D. Patton (eds), Management of Amphibians, Reptiles and Small Mammals in North America, pp. 11-22. USDA Forest Service Rocky Mountain Research Station, Ft. Collins, Colorado. Gen. Tech. Rep. RM-166.
• Bury, R.B. and Corn, P.S. 1988. Responses of aquatic and streamside amphibians to timber harvest: a review. In: K. Raedaeke (ed.), Streamside management: riparian wildlife and forestry interactions, pp. 165-181. Univ. Washington.
• Bury, R.B., Corn, P.S. and Aubry, K.B. 1991. Regional patterns of terrestrial amphibian communites in Oregon and Washington. In: L.F. Ruggerio (ed.), Wildlife and Vegetation of Unmanaged Douglas-Fir Forests, pp. 341-350. USDA Forest Service Pacific Northwest Research Station, Portland, Oregon. Gen. Tech. Rep. PNW-GTR-285.
• Bury, R.B., Corn, P.S., Aubry, K.B., Gilbert, F.F. and Jones, L.L.C. 1991. Aquatic Amphibian Communities in Oregon and Washington. In: L.F. Ruggiero, K.B. Aubry, A.B. Carey and M.H. Huff (eds), Wildlife and Vegetation of Unmanaged Douglas-Fir Forests, pp. 353-362. USFS, Pacific Northwest Research Station, Portland #PNW-GTR-285.
• Cassirer, E.F., Groves, C.R. and Genter, D.L. 1994. Coeur d'Alene salamander conservation assessment. U.S.D.A. Forest Service, Region 1, Missoula, MT.
• Charland, M.B. 1992. A survey of the distribution and biology of the Coeur d'Alene salamander (Plethodon vandykeiI idahoensis) in British Columbia. In: Draft Report. Wildlife Branch, Ministry of the Environment, Lands, and Parks, Victoria, British Columbia.
• Collins, J.P., Jones, T.R. and Berna, H.J. 1988. Conserving genetically distinctive populations: the case of the Huachuca tiger salamander (Ambystoma tigrinum stebbinsi Lowe). In: R. Szaro, K. Severson and D. Patton (eds), Management of Amphibians, Reptiles and Small Mammals in North America, pp. 45-53. USDA For. Serv., Gen. Tech. Rep. RM-166.
• Collins, J.T. 1990. Standard common and current scientific names for North American amphibians and reptiles, 3rd edition. Society for the Study of Amphibians and Reptiles: Herpetological Circular 19: 1-41.
• Corn, P.S. and Bury, R.B. 1989. Logging in western Oregon: responses of headwater habitats and stream amphibians. Forest Ecology and Management 29: 39-57.
• Corn, P.S. and Bury, R.B. 1990. Sampling methods for terrestrial amphibians and reptiles. USDA Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station, Portland, Oregon. Gen. Tech. Rep. PNW-GTR-256.
• Diller, L. and Wallace, R. 1985. Report on a survey of the Selway-Bitterroot Wilderness for the Coeur d'Alene salamander, Plethodon vandykei. Submitted to USDA Forest Service, Moose Creek Ranger District, ID.
• Dulisse, J. 1999. Syringa Provincial Park Rare and Endangered Species Evaluation. Report Submitted to B.C. Parks, Nelson. 25 pp.
• Frost, D.R. (ed.) 1985. Amphibian Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference. Allen Press and the Association of Systematic Collections, Lawrence, Kansas.
• Frost, Darrel R. 1997. Amphibian Species of the World, A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference. Second edition. New York, New York, U.S.A.
• Genter, D.L., Summerfield, R. and Hunnicutt, M. 1991.Results of population monitoring for the Coeur d'Alene salamander (Plethodon idahoensis) in northwestern Montana. Montana Natural Heritage Program, Helena, Montana.
• Genter, D.L., Wilson, A.G. and Simon, E.M. 1988. Supplementary report on the status of the Coeur d'Alene salamander (Plethodon vandykei idahoensis) in Montana. Unpublished report submitted to USDA, Forest Service Region 1 by Montana Natural Heritage Program, Helena, MT Helena, Montana, USA.
• Gergits, W.F. and Jaeger, R.G. 1990. Site attachment by the Red-backed salamander, Plethodon cinereus. Journal of Herpetology 24: 91-3.
• Good, D.A., Wurst, G.Z. and Wake, D.B. 1987. Patterns of geographic variation in allozymes of the Olympic salamander, Rhyacotriton olympicus (Caudata: Dicamptodontidae). Fieldiana Zoology 32(1374): 15 pp.
• Groves, C. 1988. Status and distribution of the Coeur d' Alene salamander (Plethodon vandykei idahoensis) in Idaho. Unpublished report. Idaho Departmen of Fish and Game, Boise, Idaho.
• Groves, C. 1989. Status and distribution of the Coeur d'Alene salamander (Plethodon vandykei idahoensis) in Idaho - Part II. Idaho Department of Fish and Game, Boise.
• Groves, C. and Cassirer, F. 1989. A survey of the Katka-Boulder and Horizon analysis areas, Idaho Panhandle National Forests, for the Coeur d'Alene salamander (Plethodon vandykei idahoensis). Idaho Department of Fish and Game, Boise.
• Groves, C.R. 1988. Status and distribution of the Coeur d'Alene salamander (Plethodon vandykei idhaoensis) in Idaho. Idaho Department of Fish and Game, Boise.
• Groves, C.R. 1989. Idaho's amphibians and reptiles: description, habitat and ecology. Nongame Leaflet No. 7. Idaho Dept. of Fish and Game, Boise, Idaho.
• Hall, J.D., Murphy, M.L. and Aho, R.S. 1978. An improved design for assessing impacts of watershed practices on small streams. Verh. Internat. Verein. Limnol. 20: 1359-1365.
• Hartman, G., Scrivener, J.C., Holtby L.B. and Powell, L. 1987. Some effects of different streamside treatments on physical conditions and fish population processes in Carnation Creek, a coastal rain forest stream in British Columbia. In: E.O. Salo & T.W. Cundy (eds), Streamside management: Forest and fishery interactions, pp. 330-372. Contrib 57, Inst. For. Resour., University of Washington, Seattle, Washington.
• Herrington, R.E. and Larsen, J.H. Jr. 1985. Current status, habitat requirements and management of the Larch Mountain salamander Plethodon larselli Burns. Biological Conservation 34: 169-179.
• Highton, R. and Larson, A. 1979. The genetic relationships of the salamanders of the genus Plethodon. Systematic Zoology 28: 579-599.
• Highways and US Forest Service. 1989. Mitigation of the Kootenai Falls population of the Coeur d'Alene salamander. Report to MT Dept. Montana Natural Heritage Program, Helena, Montana. 11 pp.
• Holmberg, R.G., Angerilli, N.P.D. and LaCasse, L.J. 1984. Overwintering aggregations of Leiobunum paessleri in caves and mines (Arachnida, Opiliones). Journal of Arachnology 12: 195-204.
• Howard, J.H., Seeb, J.W. and Wallace, R. 1993. Genetic variation and population divergence in the Plethodon vandykei species group (Caudata: Plethodontidae). Herpetologica 49: 238-247.
• Idaho Conservation Data Center. 1994. Rare, threatened, and endangered plants and animals of Idaho. Idaho Dept. Fish and Game, Boise, Idaho.
• Idaho Panhandle National Forests. 1992. Implementation guidelines and stream channel evaluations for the Forest Plan. In: Review Draft 9/30/92.
• Ketcheson, G.L. and Megahan, W.F. 1990. Sediment deposition on slopes below roads in the Idaho batholith. USDA Forest Service, Intermountain Forest, Range and Experiment Station, Boise, Idaho.
• Lacy, R.C. 1987. Loss of genetic diversity from managed populations: interacting effects of drift, mutation, selection, and population subdivision. Conservation Biology 1: 143-158.
• Lowe Jr., C.H. 1950. The systematic status of the salamander Plethodon hardii, with a discussion of biogeographical problems in Aneides. Copeia 1950: 92-99.
• Lynch Jr., J.E. and Wallace, R.L. 1987. Field observations of courtship behavior in Rocky Mountain populations of Van Dyke's Salamander, Plethodon vandykei, with a description of its spermatophore. Journal of Herpetology 21(4): 337-340.
• Lynch, J. 1984. Reproductive ecology of Plethodon idahoensis. Thesis. University of Idaho, Moscow, ID, USA.
• Lynch, J.E. 1984. The reproductive ecology of Plethodon idahoensis.M.S. Thesis. University of Idaho, Moscow, ID, USA.
• Mahoney, M.J. 2001. Molecular systematics of Plethodon and Aneides (Caudata: Plethodontidae): phylogenetic analysis of an old and rapid radiation. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 18: 174-188.
• Maxell, B.A. 2002. Geographic distribution: Plethodon idahoensis. Herpetological Review 33: 144.
• Montana Natural Heritage Program. 1987. Status report on the Coeur d'Alene salamander (Plethodon idahoensis) in Montana. Unpublished report. USDA Forest Service Region 1, Kootenai and Lolo Forests.
• Murphy, M. L., Heifetz, J., Johnson, S.W., Koski, K.V. and Thedinga, J.K. 1986. Effects of clear-cut logging with and without buffer strips on juvenile salmonids in Alaskan streams. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 43: 1521-1533.
• Murphy, M.L., Hawkins, C.P. and Anderson, N.H. 1981. Effects of canopy modification and accumulated sediment on stream communities. Trans. Am. Fish. Soc. 110: 469-478.
• Name that animal; a guide to the identification of the common land and fresh-water animals of the United States, with special reference to the area east of the Rockies. With drawings by Olive Driver. [Northampton? Mass., 1950] ENG url p. 323.
• Newbold, J.D., Erman, D.C. and Roby, K.B. 1980. Effects of logging on macroinvertebrates in streams with and without buffer strips. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 37: 1076-1085.
• Nishikawa, K.C. 1990. Intraspecific spatial relationships of two species of terrestrial salamanders. Copeia 1990: 418-426.
• Nishikawa, K.C. and Service, P.M. 1988. A fluorescent marking technique for individual recognition of terrestrial salamanders. Journal of Herpetology 22: 351-353.
• Nussbaum, R.A., Brodie, Jr., E.D. and Storm, R.M. 1983. Amphibians and Reptiles of the Pacific Northwest. University Press of Idaho, Moscow, ID, USA.
• Ohanjanian, I.A. 1997. Confidential folio of P. idahoensis occurrences in southeastern British Columbia: Detailed locational information, survey results and site-specific risk assessments and recommendations. B.C. Environment, Nelson, B.C.
• Ohanjanian, I.A. 1997. The Coeur d'Alene salamander (Plethodon idahoensis) in southeastern British Columbia. Report to B.C. Environment. Nelson, B.C.
• Ohanjanian, I.A. 1998. Coeur d'Alene Salamander Inventory. Report to Wynndel Box and Lumber Co. Ltd., B.C. Environment and Forest Renewal B.C.
• Ohanjanian, I.A. 1999. The Coeur d'Alene Salamander (P. idahoensis) in the operating area of Wynndel Box and Lumber Co. Ltd., additional inventory information and preliminary population studies. Report to Wynndel Box and Lumber Co. Ltd, Forest Renewal B.C. and Min. of Environment, Lands and Parks.
• Ohanjanian, I.A. 2000. The Coeur d'Alene Salamander (P. idahoensis) in the Kootenay Lake and Arrow Lake Forest Districts of Southeastern British Columbia. Report to B.C. Environment and the Habitat Conservation Trust Fund, Victoria, B.C.
• Ohanjanian, I.A. and Beaucher, M.A. 2000. The Coeur d'Alene Salamander, P. idahoensis, in the Operating Area of Wynndel Box and Lumber Co. Ltd: Inventory Information, Salamander Characteristics and Population Parameters. Report to Wynndel Box and Lumber Co. Ltd., B.C. Environment and Forest Renewal B.C.
• Orchard, S.A. 1990. Provincial status report for the Coeur d'Alene salamander Plethodon idahoensis. Wildlife Branch, Ministry of Environment, Lands, and Parks, Victoria, B.C.
• Ralls, K., Harvey, P.H. and Lyles, L.M. 1986. Inbreeding in natural populations of birds and mammals. In: M.E. Soule (ed.), Conservation Biology: the Science of Scarcity and Diversity, pp. 35-56. Sinaeur Assoc., Sunderland, Massachusetts.
• Raphael, M.G. 1988. Long term trends in abundance of amphibian, reptiles, and small mammals in Douglas-fir forests of northwestern California. In: R. Szaro, K. Severson & D. Patton (eds), Management of Amphibians, Reptiles and Small Mammals in North America, pp. 23-31. USDA Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Ft. Collins, Colorado. Gen. Tech. Rept. RM-166.
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• Roby, K.B., Erman, D.C. and Newbold, J.D. 1977. Biological assessment of timber management activity impacts and buffer strip effectiveness on National Forest streams of Northern California. In: Monograph 1, USDA Forest Service Region 5.
• Slater, J.R. and Slipp, J.W. 1940. A new species of Plethodon from northern Idaho. Occasional Papers of the Department of Biology, College of the Puget Sound 8: 38-43.
• Species at Risk Branch 2002. Species at risk range maps. Available online at . Canadian Wildlife Service, Environment Canada, Ottawa.
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• Wilson, A.G., Simon, E. and Larsen Jr, J.H. 1989. Range extension for the Coeur d'Alene salamander, Plethodon vandykei idahoensis, to the Canada-United States border. Canadian Field-Naturalist 103: 93-94.
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Notes

Contributors

• Bisby, F.A., Y.R. Roskov, M.A. Ruggiero, T.M. Orrell, L.E. Paglinawan, P.W. Brewer, N. Bailly, J. van Hertum, eds (2007). Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life: 2007 Annual Checklist. Species 2000: Reading, U.K.
• Brands, S.J. (comp.) 1989-2006. Systema Naturae 2000. The Taxonomicon. Universal Taxonomic Services, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. Accessed October 3, 2006.
• Global Biodiversity Information Facility. Accessed March 06, 2008. http://www.gbif.org Mediated distribution data from provider.
• Hammerson, G. 2004. In IUCN 2008. 2008 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. IUCNRedList.org. Downloaded July 18, 2008.
• Species At Risk Act Public Registry, Government of Canada

Data Sources

Accessed through GBIF Data Portal March 06, 2008:

• Museum of Vertebrate Zoology: Terrestrial vertebrate specimens

Identifiers

• Biodiversity Heritage Library NamebankID: 2475399
• Catalogue of Life Accepted Name Code: ITS-173659
• Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS) Taxonomic Serial Number (TSN): 173659
• IUCN ID: 59342
• Natural Heritage Network Species Identifier: AAAAD12270
• Zipcode Zoo Species Identifier: 1660

Footnotes

1. Hammerson, G. 2004. In IUCN 2008. 2008 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. IUCNRedList.org. Downloaded July 18, 2008. [back]

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