Spizella arborea

Taxonomy

Notes:

Name Status: Accepted Name. Latest taxonomic scrutiny: 17-Oct-2001

Physical Description

Family Fringillidae:

A Family of seed-eating, small to moderately large passerine birds that have strong, stubby beaks, which in some species can be quite large. They have a bouncing flight, alternating flapping with gliding on closed wings. Most sing well.

Images:

Distribution

Range and Population

North America

Habitat

Found in fields, along wood margins, and occasionally at suburban feeders.

Diet

Almost Exclusively:

Seeds Lesser Quantities of: Insects

Reproduction

• Clutch Size: 3-5
• Length of Incubation: 12-13 days
• Days to Fledge: 8-10
• Number of Broods: 1

Migration

Migratory

Similar Species

Field Sparrow

Members of the genus Spizella:

There are approximately 43 species and subspecies in this genus: S. arborea (American Tree Sparrow) · S. arborea aborea · S. arborea arborea (American Tree Sparrow) · S. arborea ochracea · S. arborea ocracea · S. atrogularis (Black-Chinned Sparrow) · S. atrogularis atrogularis (Black-Chinned Sparrow) · S. atrogularis cana · S. atrogularis caurina · S. atrogularis evura · S. breweri (Brewer's Sparrow) · S. breweri breweri (Brewer's Sparrow) · S. breweri taverneri (Brewer's Sparrow) · S. leucophrys · S. monticola · S. pallida (Clay-Colored Sparrow) · S. pallida breweri · S. pallida pallida · S. passerina (Chipping Sparrow) · S. passerina arizonae · S. passerina atremaeus · S. passerina boreophila · S. passerina cicada · S. passerina m · S. passerina mexicana · S. passerina pallida · S. passerina paserina · S. passerina passerina · S. passerina pinetorum · S. passerina ssp · S. passerina stridula · S. pinetorum · S. pusilla (Field Sparrow) · S. pusilla arenacea (Field Sparrow) · S. pusilla perisurra · S. pusilla pusilla · S. pusilla veronica · S. pusilla wortheni · S. socialis · S. taverneri · S. wortheni (Worthen's Sparrow) · S. wortheni browni · S. wortheni wortheni (Worthen's Sparrow)

Members of the genus Pipilo:

There are approximately 139 species and subspecies in this genus. Here are just 100 of them: P. aberti (Abert's Towhee) · P. aberti aberti (Abert's Towhee) · P. aberti dumeticolus · P. aberti vorhiesi · P. alberti · P. alberti alberti · P. alberti dumeticolus · P. alberti vorhiesi · P. albicollis · P. albicollis albicollis · P. albicollis parvirostris · P. chlororus · P. chlorurus (Green-Tailed Towhee) · P. chlorurus chlorura · P. chlorurus chlorurus · P. chlorurus f · P. crissalis (Inyo California Towhee) · P. crissalis albigula · P. crissalis aripolius · P. crissalis bullatus · P. crissalis carolae · P. crissalis crissalis · P. crissalis eremophilus (Inyo California Towhee) · P. crissalis megalonyx · P. crissalis petulans · P. crissalis senicula · P. crissalis ssp · P. erythrophalmus · P. erythrophthalamus · P. erythrophthalma · P. erythrophthalmos · P. erythrophthalmus (Eastern Towhee) · P. erythrophthalmus alleni (Eastern Towhee) · P. erythrophthalmus arcticus (Eastern Towhee) · P. erythrophthalmus canaster · P. erythrophthalmus carmani · P. erythrophthalmus clementae · P. erythrophthalmus consobrinus · P. erythrophthalmus curtatus · P. erythrophthalmus emberizinae · P. erythrophthalmus erythrophthalmus (Eastern Towhee) · P. erythrophthalmus erythropthalmus · P. erythrophthalmus falcifer · P. erythrophthalmus falcinellus · P. erythrophthalmus gaigei · P. erythrophthalmus griseipygius · P. erythrophthalmus leptoleuca · P. erythrophthalmus leptoleucus · P. erythrophthalmus macronyx · P. erythrophthalmus maculatus · P. erythrophthalmus magnirostris · P. erythrophthalmus megalonyx · P. erythrophthalmus megolonyx · P. erythrophthalmus montanus · P. erythrophthalmus motanus · P. erythrophthalmus oaxacae · P. erythrophthalmus oregonus · P. erythrophthalmus orientalis · P. erythrophthalmus rileyi · P. erythrophthalmus socorroensis (Eastern Towhee) · P. erythrophthalmus ssp · P. erythrophthalmus umbraticola · P. erythrophthalmus vulcanorum · P. erythrophthalmus-oca oaxacae-brunnescens · P. erythrophthamus · P. erythropthalmus · P. erythropthalmus erythropthalmus · P. falcinellus · P. fuscus (Brown Towhee) · P. fuscus albigula (Brown Towhee) · P. fuscus aripolis · P. fuscus aripolius · P. fuscus bullatus (Brown Towhee) · P. fuscus campoi · P. fuscus carolae · P. fuscus caroloe · P. fuscus compoi · P. fuscus crissalis · P. fuscus eremophilus · P. fuscus fuscus (Brown Towhee) · P. fuscus fuscus-potosinus · P. fuscus intermedius · P. fuscus jamesi · P. fuscus mesatus · P. fuscus mesoleucus · P. fuscus perpallidus · P. fuscus perpallidusx · P. fuscus petulans · P. fuscus potosinus · P. fuscus relictus (Brown Towhee) · P. fuscus senicula · P. fuscus ssp · P. fuscus texanus · P. fuscus toroi · P. fuscus van · P. hybrid · P. macronyx macronyx · P. macronyx virescens · P. maculatus (Spotted Towhee) · P. maculatus alleni

Bibliography

• Alsop, Fred J. III. Birds of North America - Eastern Region. First American Edition. Smithsonian Handbooks. DK Publishing, Inc. 2001.
• Banks, R. C., R. W. McDiarmid, A. L. Gardner, and W. C. Starnes 2003. Checklist of Vertebrates of the United States, the U.S. Territories, and Canada.
• Banks, R. C., R. W. McDiarmid, and A. L. Gardner 1987. Checklist of Vertebrates of the United States, the U.S. Territories, and Canada. Resource Publication, no. 166. United States Department of the Interior Fish and Wildlife Service. Washington, D.C., USA. 79.
• Ehrlich, P., Dobkin, D., and Wheye, D. (1988). The Birders Handbook: A Field Guide to the Natural History of North American Birds. New York: Simon and Schuster Inc. (info on clutch size, length of incubation, days to fledge and number of broods.)
• Robbins, C.S., Bruun, B., Zim, H.S., (1966). Birds of North America. New York: Western Publishing Company, Inc. (Length and wingspan info.)

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Notes

Contributors:

• Bisby, F.A., Y.R. Roskov, M.A. Ruggiero, T.M. Orrell, L.E. Paglinawan, P.W. Brewer, N. Bailly, J. van Hertum, eds (2007). Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life: 2007 Annual Checklist. Species 2000: Reading, U.K.
• Brands, S.J. (comp.) 1989-2006. Systema Naturae 2000. The Taxonomicon. Universal Taxonomic Services, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. Accessed October 3, 2006.
• Global Biodiversity Information Facility. Accessed May 16, 2006. http://www.gbif.org Mediated distribution data from 10 providers.
• Hines, J. E., Gregory Gough, J. R. Sauer, et al. USGS Patuxent Wildlife Research Center
• NatureServe. 2003. Downloadable animal data sets. NatureServe Central Databases. Accessed February 6, 2005.
• Sauer, J. R., J. E. Hines, and J. Fallon. 2005. The North American Breeding Bird Survey, Results and Analysis 1966 - 2004. Version 2005.2. USGS Patuxent Wildlife Research Center, Laurel, MD
• Sauer, J. R., S. Schwartz, and B. Hoover. 1996. The Christmas Bird Count Home Page. Version 95.1. USGS Patuxent Wildlife Research Center, Laurel, MD

Identifiers:

• Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS) Taxonomic Serial Number (TSN): 179432
• Global Biodiversity Information Facility Taxonkey: 240953
• Natural Heritage Network Species Identifier: ABPBX94010
• Zipcode Zoo Species Identifier: 13611