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Taxonomy

Genera

Acanthocinus

At least 36 species and subspecies belong to the Genus Acanthocinus.

More info about the Genus Acanthocinus may be found here.

Agave

Plants short-stemmed pachycauls, perennial, often flowering after 8-20+ years, monocarpic or polycarpic, acaulescent or caulescent, scapose, forming succulent rosettes on thick, fibrous-rooted crowns, often rhizomatous. Stems aboveground, unbranched or, less often, branched. Leaves evergreen in rosette; blade light green to green and occasionally with lighter patterns of white (€œcross-zoned€�) or imprinted with white (€œbud-prints€�), linear-lanceolate to ovate, firm to rigid, often thick and fleshy, margins entire, filiferous, or armed with marginal teeth and short to long, sharp-pointed apical spine. Scapes, with inflorescences, much exceeding foliage. Inflorescences terminal atop a semiwoody stalk, spicate, racemose, or paniculate, open to dense, bracteate, occasionally bulbiferous, with flowers borne singly, in pairs, or in umbellike clusters of 2-40+ on peduncles or the lateral branches borne by the peduncle. Flowers protandrous, erect or recurved, showy; perianth mostly yellow, infrequently whitish or reddish, funnelform to tubular; tepals 6, connate basally into tube atop a typically constricted neck; limb lobes erect or curved, equal to unequal in length and/or width, linear to oblong or deltate, often papillate at recurved or hooded apex; stamens 6, exserted, attached atop or within perianth tube; filaments mostly filiform; anthers versatile, linear; ovary inferior, greenish at anthesis, 3-locular, succulent, thick-walled, ovules numerous; style subulate; stigma 3-lobed, glandular, capitate, papillate. Fruits capsular, oblong to ovoid, mostly thick walled and fleshy, dehiscence loculicidal. Seeds black, flattened, obovoid, becoming globose distally. x = 30 (5 large, 25 small) .^[1] [more]

At least 1,050 species and subspecies belong to the Genus Agave.

More info about the Genus Agave may be found here.

Agdestis

Vines, perennial, semiwoody. Leaves alternate. Inflorescences terminal or axillary panicles, mostly 50-100-flowered. Flowers epigynous (hypogynous in all other genera) ; sepals 4(-5) ; stamens 15-20; carpels (3-) 4, connate at least halfway proximally; ovary inferior (3-) 4-locular, eventually 1-locular by abortion of septa; style 1; stigmas (3-) 4. Fruits cypselas, turbinate, crowned by winglike sepals. Seed 1, by abortion of other (2-) 3 ovules.^[2] [more]

At least 3 species and subspecies belong to the Genus Agdestis.

More info about the Genus Agdestis may be found here.

Ageratina

Perennials, subshrubs, or shrubs [trees], mostly 20-220 cm. Stems usually erect, rarely scandent, sparsely to densely branched. Leaves cauline; mostly opposite (distal sometimes alternate) ; petiolate; blades 3(-5) -nerved from bases, usually deltate, lanceolate, ovate, rhombic, or triangular, sometimes orbiculate, margins entire, crenate, dentate, or serrate, faces glabrous or hispidulous, pilose, or puberulent, sometimes gland-dotted (A. occidentalis, A. adenophora). Heads discoid, usually in compact, (terminal and axillary) corymbiform arrays, sometimes borne singly. Involucres campanulate, 3-6 mm diam. Phyllaries persistent, 8-30 in 2(-3) series, 0- or 2-nerved, lanceolate to linear, ± equal (herbaceous). Florets 10-60; corollas white or lavender, throats obconic to campanulate (lengths 1.5-2 times diams.) ; styles: bases sometimes enlarged, glabrous, branches linear, seldom distally dilated. Receptacles convex (glabrous or hairy), epaleate. Cypselae prismatic or ± fusiform, usually 5-ribbed, scabrellous and/or gland-dotted; pappi usually persistent, sometimes fragile, rarely falling, of 5-40, barbellulate bristles in 1 series. x = 17.^[3] [more]

At least 397 species and subspecies belong to the Genus Ageratina.

More info about the Genus Ageratina may be found here.

Ageratum

Annuals and perennials, mostly 20-120 cm. Stems often decumbent (rooting at proximal nodes), sparsely to densely branched. Leaves cauline; all or mostly opposite; petiolate; blades mostly 1-nerved, deltate to ovate, or elliptic to lanceolate, margins entire or toothed, faces glabrous or ± pilose, puberulent, or strigoso-hispid, sometimes gland-dotted. Heads discoid, in dense to open, cymiform to corymbiform arrays. Involucres campanulate, 3-6 mm. Phyllaries persistent, 30-40 in 2-3 series, usually 2-nerved, lanceolate, ± equal (often indurate, margins scarious). Receptacles conic, epaleate [paleate]. Florets 20-125; corollas white or bluish to lavender, throats ± campanulate (lengths 2 times diams.) ; styles: bases not enlarged, glabrous, branches ± linear to clavate (usually papillose and dilated distally). Cypselae prismatic, 4-5-ribbed, glabrous or sparsely strigoso-hispidulous; pappi persistent, of 5-6 aristate scales, or coroniform, or 0. x = 10.^[4] [more]

At least 226 species and subspecies belong to the Genus Ageratum.

More info about the Genus Ageratum may be found here.

Aglaomorpha

Aglaomorpha is a genus of moth in the family Arctiidae. [more]

At least 23 species and subspecies belong to the Genus Aglaomorpha.

More info about the Genus Aglaomorpha may be found here.

Aglaonema

Aglaonema is a genus of about 40 species of foliage plants in the family Araceae, native to the tropical swamps and rainforests of southeastern Asia from Bangladesh east to the Philippines and north to southern China. No common name is widely used, though they are sometimes called "Chinese evergreen". [more]

At least 139 species and subspecies belong to the Genus Aglaonema.

More info about the Genus Aglaonema may be found here.

Anarsia

Anarsia is a genus of moth in the family Gelechiidae. [more]

At least 101 species and subspecies belong to the Genus Anarsia.

More info about the Genus Anarsia may be found here.

Arceuthobium

At least 107 species and subspecies belong to the Genus Arceuthobium.

More info about the Genus Arceuthobium may be found here.

Arisaema

Herbs, terrestrial or wetland. Corms [rhizomes] nearly globose. Leaves usually appearing with flowers, 1--2(--3), erect; petiole longer than blade; blade medium to dark green, sometimes glaucous adaxially, palmately or pedately [radiately] divided, not peltate, leaflet elliptic to broadly ovate or oblanceolate, base rounded to obtuse or attenuate, apex obtuse or acute to acuminate; primary lateral veins of each leaflet pinnate. Inflorescences: peduncle erect, nearly equal to leaves [to very short], apex not swollen; spathe variously colored or striped, distal part open at maturity, exposing tip to 1/2 or more of spadix appendage; spadix ± cylindric, surmounted by sterile appendage of variable shape. Flowers unisexual, staminate and pistillate on same or different spadix; pistillate flowers congested; staminate flowers usually scattered, distal to pistillate flowers when both are present; perianth absent. Fruits not embedded in spadix, glossy orange to bright red. Seeds 1--6, mucilage sometimes present (not present in Arisaema triphyllum). x = 13, 14.^[5] [more]

At least 447 species and subspecies belong to the Genus Arisaema.

More info about the Genus Arisaema may be found here.

Artemisia

Annuals, biennials, perennials, subshrubs, or shrubs, 3-350 cm (usually, rarely not, aromatic) . Stems 1-10+, usually erect, usually branched, glabrous or hairy (hairs basi- or medifixed) . Leaves basal or basal and cauline; alternate; petiolate or sessile; blades filiform, linear, lanceolate, ovate, elliptic, oblong, oblanceolate, obovate, cuneate, flabellate, or spatulate, usually pinnately and/or palmately lobed, sometimes apically ± 3-lobed or -toothed, or entire, faces glabrous or hairy (hairs multicelled and filled with aromatic terpenoids and/or 1-celled and hollow, dolabriform, T-shaped) . Heads usually discoid, sometimes disciform (subradiate in A. bigelovii), in relatively broad, paniculiform arrays, or in relatively narrow, racemiform or spiciform arrays. Involucres campanulate, globose, ovoid, or turbinate, 1.5-8 mm diam. Phyllaries persistent, 2-20+ in 4-7 series, distinct, (usually green to whitish green, rarely stramineous) ovate to lanceolate, unequal, margins and apices (usually green or white, rarely dark brown or black) ± scarious (abaxial faces glabrous or hairy) . Receptacles flat, convex, or conic (glabrous or hairy), epaleate (except paleate in A. palmeri) . Ray florets 0 (peripheral pistillate florets in disciform heads usually 1-20, their corollas filiform; corollas of 1-3 pistillate florets in heads of A. bigelovii sometimes ± 2-lobed, weakly raylike) . Disc florets 2-20(-30+), bisexual and fertile, or functionally staminate; corollas (glabrous or ± hirtellous) usually pale yellow, rarely red, tubes ± cylindric, throats subglobose or funnelform, lobes 5, ± deltate. Cypselae (brown) fusiform, ribs 0 (and faces finely striate) or 2-5, faces glabrous or hairy (not villous), often gland-dotted (pericarps sometimes with myxogenic cells, without resin sacs; embryo sac development monosporic) ; pappi usually 0 (coroniform in A. californica and A. papposa, sometimes on outer in A. rothrockii) . x = 9.^[6] [more]

At least 1,625 species and subspecies belong to the Genus Artemisia.

More info about the Genus Artemisia may be found here.

Botrytis

Botrytis can mean more than one thing: [more]

At least 275 species and subspecies belong to the Genus Botrytis.

More info about the Genus Botrytis may be found here.

Bucorvus

The Ground-hornbills (Bucorvinae) are a subfamily of the hornbill family Bucerotidae, with a single genus Bucorvus and two extant species: [more]

At least 3 species and subspecies belong to the Genus Bucorvus.

More info about the Genus Bucorvus may be found here.

Callirhytis

At least 85 species and subspecies belong to the Genus Callirhytis.

More info about the Genus Callirhytis may be found here.

Campanula

Plants perennial or annual, erect trailing or decumbent, glabrous, pubescent, or hirsute. Leaves simple, alternate or forming rosettes at the base. Inflorescence 1-many flowered, with racemes or spikes. Flowers blue to purple or white. Sepals 5, with or without reflexed appendages between lobes; calyx tube adnate to the ovary, segments 5-lobed. Corolla campanulate, funnel-shaped or tubular. Stamens 5, free, filaments dilated at the base. Ovary 3-locular; style cylindrical; stigmas 3. Fruit a capsule, elongated to ovoid, obovoid or round, with membran¬ous walls; dehiscence by irregular pores at the bases or the sides. Seeds minute, numerous.^[7] [more]

At least 2,250 species and subspecies belong to the Genus Campanula.

More info about the Genus Campanula may be found here.

Ciconia

Ciconia is a genus of birds in the stork family. Six of the seven living species occur in the Old World, but the Maguari Stork has a South American range. In addition, fossils suggest that Ciconia storks were somewhat more common in the tropical Americas in prehistoric times. [more]

At least 22 species and subspecies belong to the Genus Ciconia.

More info about the Genus Ciconia may be found here.

Cinnamomum

Trees or shrubs, evergreen. Bark gray [or brown], furrowed [or smooth]; bark and leaves often aromatic. Leaves alternate, infrequently opposite. Leaf blade with (1-) 3 primary veins [or infrequently pinnately veined], papery to leathery; surfaces glabrous or variously pubescent; domatia frequently present. Inflorescences appearing when mature leaves are present, axillary, panicles. Flowers bisexual; tepals deciduous or persistent, white, green, or yellow, equal; stamens 9, anthers 4-locular, 4-valved (rarely with anthers of inner 3 stamens 2-locular), extrorse; staminodes 3, apex sagittate or cordate; ovary ovoid-ellipsoid. Drupe bluish black, nearly globose, seated in small cupule with entire single rim or tepals persistent.^[8] [more]

At least 741 species and subspecies belong to the Genus Cinnamomum.

More info about the Genus Cinnamomum may be found here.

Conophthorus

At least 25 species and subspecies belong to the Genus Conophthorus.

More info about the Genus Conophthorus may be found here.

Crocuta

The Spotted Hyena, or Laughing Hyena, (Crocuta crocuta) is a mammal of the order Carnivora. They are moderately large, terrestrial carnivores native to sub-Saharan Africa, save for the Congo basin. [more]

At least 46 species and subspecies belong to the Genus Crocuta.

More info about the Genus Crocuta may be found here.

Cydia

The tortrix moth genus Cydia includes many species of economic importance due to the damage they inflict on agricultural crops, especially fruit and nut trees. Some Cydia species are an important food source for other animals, and some have been used as agents of biological control. Cydia species are generally small dull brown moths with yellow or white wormlike larvae. Several current Cydia species were formerly classified in genus Grapholita. The two genera may eventually be merged together. [more]

At least 314 species and subspecies belong to the Genus Cydia.

More info about the Genus Cydia may be found here.

Ditylenchus

Ditylenchus is a genus of plant pathogenic nematodes. [more]

At least 36 species and subspecies belong to the Genus Ditylenchus.

More info about the Genus Ditylenchus may be found here.

Egretta

At least 58 species and subspecies belong to the Genus Egretta.

More info about the Genus Egretta may be found here.

Elatobium

More info about the Genus Elatobium may be found here.

Epargyreus

At least 50 species and subspecies belong to the Genus Epargyreus.

More info about the Genus Epargyreus may be found here.

Epinotia

At least 304 species and subspecies belong to the Genus Epinotia.

More info about the Genus Epinotia may be found here.

Francolinus

At least 217 species and subspecies belong to the Genus Francolinus.

More info about the Genus Francolinus may be found here.

Lambdina

At least 37 species and subspecies belong to the Genus Lambdina.

More info about the Genus Lambdina may be found here.

Mantis

The insect order Mantodea or mantises consists of approximately 2,300 species worldwide in temperate and tropical habitats, of which a majority are in the family Mantidae. For most of the past century, only this single family was recognized within the order, and the term "mantid" was therefore historically used for any member of the order; technically, however, the term only refers to this one family, meaning the species in the other eight recently-established families are not mantids, by definition (i.e., they are empusids, or hymenopodids, etc.), and the term "mantises" (or the more colloquial "praying mantises") should be used when referring to the entire order. Often mistakenly spelled preying mantis (an eggcorn, since they are notoriously predatory), they are in fact named for the typical "prayer-like" stance. The word mantis derives from the Greek word mantis for prophet or fortune teller. In Europe, the name "praying mantis" refers to only a single species, Mantis religiosa. The closest relatives of mantises are the orders Isoptera (termites) and Blattodea (cockroaches), and these three groups together are sometimes ranked as an order rather than a superorder. [more]

At least 3 species and subspecies belong to the Genus Mantis.

More info about the Genus Mantis may be found here.

Melia

Melia can refer to: [more]

At least 72 species and subspecies belong to the Genus Melia.

More info about the Genus Melia may be found here.

Montiopsis

At least 21 species and subspecies belong to the Genus Montiopsis.

More info about the Genus Montiopsis may be found here.

Mycteria

Mycteria is a genus of large tropical storks with representatives in the Americas, east Africa and southern and southeastern Asia. Two species have "ibis" in their scientific or old common names, but they are not related to these birds and simply look more similar to an ibis than do other storks. [more]

At least 6 species and subspecies belong to the Genus Mycteria.

More info about the Genus Mycteria may be found here.

Pachylobius

At least 5 species and subspecies belong to the Genus Pachylobius.

More info about the Genus Pachylobius may be found here.

Panthera

Panthera is a genus of the family Felidae (the cats), which contains four well-known living species: the Lion, the Tiger, the Jaguar, and the Leopard. The genus comprises about half of the Pantherinae subfamily, the big cats. One meaning of the word panther is to designate cats of this subfamily. The word is often presumed to derive from Greek pan- ("all") and ther ("beast"), but this may be a folk etymology. Although it came into English through the classical languages, panthera is probably of East Asian origin, meaning "the yellowish animal," or "whitish-yellow". [more]

At least 85 species and subspecies belong to the Genus Panthera.

More info about the Genus Panthera may be found here.

Passer

Passer is a genus of Old World sparrows. Most of its members are found naturally in open habitats in the warmer climates of Africa and southern Eurasia. Several species have adapted to human habitation, and this has enabled the House Sparrow in particular, invariably in close association with man, to extend its Eurasian range well beyond what was probably its original home in the Middle East, . [more]

At least 127 species and subspecies belong to the Genus Passer.

More info about the Genus Passer may be found here.

Picoides

Picoides is a genus of woodpeckers (family Picidae) found primarily in North America. The plumage in most species is predominantly black and white, brown and white in some southern species, with the male often having a red (or yellow) badge. Their bills are straight and chisel-shaped. Although in the four-toed species, the toes normally have a zygodactyl or yoked arrangement while on the ground, one toe can be rotated forward for climbing. Some species in this genus are three-toed. All species in this genus feed mainly on insects. [more]

At least 179 species and subspecies belong to the Genus Picoides.

More info about the Genus Picoides may be found here.

Pinus

Trees or shrubs aromatic, evergreen; crown usually conic when young, often rounded or flat-topped with age. Bark of older stems variously furrowed and plated, plates and/or ridges layered or scaly. Branches usually in pseudowhorls; shoots dimorphic with long shoots and short shoots; short shoots borne in close spirals from axils of scaly bracts and bearing fascicles of leaves (needles) . Buds ovoid to cylindric, apex pointed (blunt), usually resinous. Leaves dimorphic, spirally arranged; foliage leaves (needles) (1--) 2--5(--6) per fascicle, persisting 2--12 or more years, terete or ± 2--3-angled and rounded on abaxial surface, sessile, sheathed at base by 12--15 overlapping scale leaves, these (at least firmer basal ones) persisting for life of fascicle or shed after first season; resin canals 2 or more. Pollen cones in dense, spikelike cluster around base of current year's growth, mostly ovoid to cylindric-conic, tan to yellow, red, blue, or lavender. Seed cones maturing in 2(--3) years, shed early or variously persistent, pendent to ± erect, at maturity conic or cylindric, sessile or stalked, shedding seed soon after maturity or variously serotinous (not opening upon maturity but much later) ; scales persistent, woody or pliable, surface of exposed apical portion of each scale (apophysis) thickened, with umbo (exposed scale surface of young cone) represented by a scar (sometimes apiculate) or extended into a hook, spur, claw, or prickle; bracts included. Seeds winged or wingless; cotyledons (3--) 6--10(--18) . x =12.^[9] [more]

At least 1,556 species and subspecies belong to the Genus Pinus.

More info about the Genus Pinus may be found here.

Poecile

Poecile is a genus of bird in the tit family that is often lumped into the genus Parus. It has 13–15 species, which are scattered across North America, Europe and Asia; the North American species are the chickadees. In the past, most authorities retained Poecile as a subgenus within the genus Parus, but treatment as a distinct genus, initiated by the American Ornithologists Union, is now widely accepted. This is supported by mtDNA cytochrome b sequence analysis. [more]

At least 82 species and subspecies belong to the Genus Poecile.

More info about the Genus Poecile may be found here.

Prionoxystus

At least 14 species and subspecies belong to the Genus Prionoxystus.

More info about the Genus Prionoxystus may be found here.

Pseudosphinx

At least 7 species and subspecies belong to the Genus Pseudosphinx.

More info about the Genus Pseudosphinx may be found here.

Reticulitermes

At least 17 species and subspecies belong to the Genus Reticulitermes.

More info about the Genus Reticulitermes may be found here.

Sabal

Plants dwarf, moderate, or tall, usually robust. Stems solitary, aerial or subterranean, covered with leaf bases or clean, obscurely [strongly] ringed, becoming striate or smooth with age. Leaves few to many; sheath fibers soft; petiole split at base, completely unarmed; adaxial hastula well -developed, obtuse to acuminate-triangular; costa present; blade weakly to strongly costapalmate; plication induplicate; segments lanceolate, basally connate to connate for 2 1/2 length [or in groups of 2 or 3 segments connate for nearly entire length], often bearing thread-like fibers between segments; apices acute or 2-cleft, stiff or lax. Inflorescences axillary within crown of leaves, paniculate, erect or arching beyond leaves [shorter than leaves], with 2 or 3[--4] orders of branching; peduncular bracts 2--5, tightly clasping, inconspicuous; rachillae glabrous. Flowers bisexual, borne singly along rachillae, sessile, creamy white, fragrant; perianth 2-seriate; calyx cupulate; 3-lobed; petals 3, imbricate, elliptic, obovate or spatulate, alternate with outer whorl of stamens [basally connate], basally adnate to filaments; stamens 6 in 2 whorls; filaments narrowly triangular, basally connate; anthers dorsifixed, versatile; pistils 1, 1-carpellate, glabrous; nectaries 3, septal; ovules 3, but usually only one develops into seed; stigma minutely 3-lobed, papillose. Fruits drupes, berrylike, spheroid [oblate or pyriform ] or lobed when more than 1 seed develops; exocarp black; mesocarp blackish, dry to fleshy; endocarp brown, membranaceous. Seeds 1--3, oblate, glossy; endosperm bony, homogeneous; embryo nearly apical, lateral or nearly lateral; eophyll undivided, linear-lanceolate. nx = 18.^[10] [more]

At least 108 species and subspecies belong to the Genus Sabal.

More info about the Genus Sabal may be found here.

Sagittarius

More info about the Genus Sagittarius may be found here.

Sphaeralcea

The globemallows (or globe mallows) are members of the genus Sphaeralcea in the mallow family (Malvaceae). There are about 40-60 species, including annuals, perennials, and shrubs. Most originate in the drier regions of North America, with some known from South America. Another often-used common name is falsemallows. [more]

At least 271 species and subspecies belong to the Genus Sphaeralcea.

More info about the Genus Sphaeralcea may be found here.

Sphex

Wasps of the genus Sphex (commonly known as digger wasps) are cosmopolitan predators of the family Sphecidae that sting and paralyze prey insects. There are over 130 known digger wasp species. In preparation for egg laying they construct a protected "nest" (some species dig nests in the ground, while others use pre-existing holes) and then stock it with captured insects. Typically the prey are left alive, but paralyzed by wasp toxins. The wasps lay their eggs in the provisioned nest. When the wasp larvae hatch, they feed on the paralyzed insects. [more]

At least 75 species and subspecies belong to the Genus Sphex.

More info about the Genus Sphex may be found here.

Stenopelmatus

Jerusalem crickets (genus S