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Acacia auriculiformis

(Auri, Blackwattle, Darwin Black Wattle, Ear-Leaf Acacia, Ear-Pod Wattle, Earleaf Acacia, Earpod Wattle, Northern Black Wattle, Papuan Wattle, Tuhkehn Pweimau)

Overview:

Conservation Status

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Population Analysis

  • For the 835,580 species in the Class Magnoliopsida (Dicotyledons), we average 4.30 observations each in our database; for the Northern Black Wattle, we have 310 observations. Compared to other species in this Class, this species is moderately common.
  • A two-sample t-test can be used to determine whether the trend in observations of the Northern Black Wattle is the same as the trend in observations of Magnoliopsida. Is this species just as common, as a proportion of all observations, as it once was? The answer is no, changes in observation rate of this species significantly differ from changes in observation rate of its Class. (t=9.557, p<0.001)
  • How do observation rates of the Northern Black Wattle differ from those of Magnoliopsida? To answer this, we examined the percentage of observerations for Magnoliopsida that were observations of the Northern Black Wattle each year. We then correlated this percentage with observation year. If observations of the Northern Black Wattle are becoming more common relative to other species of Magnoliopsida, the correlation should be positive, but if it is becoming less common, the correlation should be negative. In fact, the correlation is negative (r=-.62), with a negative slope (m = -.001), suggesting that the Northern Black Wattle may be in decline relative to other species of Magnoliopsida. This correlation is statistically significant. (F = 35.17, p<.05)
  • The scatter chart to the right shows the percentage of all observations for Magnoliopsida each year that were observations of the Northern Black Wattle.

Population Trend:

Growing

Up

Taxonomy

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Unambiguous Synonyms:

  1. Acacia auriculaeformis Benth.
  2. Acacia moniliformis Griseb.
  3. Racosperma auriculiforme (Benth.)Pedley

Notes:

Publishing author: Griseb. Publication: in Goett. Abh. xix. (1874) 136.

Name Status: Accepted Name. Latest taxonomic scrutiny: Rico M.L., 1994

Place of publication: London J. Bot. 1:377. 1842

Name verified on 08-Mar-1989 by ARS Systematic Botanists. Last updated: 01-Nov-1995

Physical Description

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Subfamily Mimosoideae:

Mostly trees or shrubs. Leaves mostly bipinnate. Corolla usually not showy, actinomorphic, sympetalous, the lobes valvate. Stamens 10-numerous, often monadelphous, showy. Pollen released in monads, tetrads, or polyads. Seeds with u-shaped line (pleurogram) present. [Carr]

Genus Acacia:

Trees, shrubs, rarely herbs, often prickly or spinose. Leaves bipinnate; leaflets small and numerous or leaves reduced to phyllodes; petiolar glands often present; stipules generally spinescent. Inflorescence cylindric spike or globose head; peduncle solitary axillary or fasciculate or paniculate at the end of branches; bracts often two, scale like, situated on the peduncle at various levels. Flowers small, 3-5-merous, bisexual or plants polygamous. Calyx campanulate, dentate, lobed or polysepalous. Petals usually more or less united, rarely absent. Stamens indefinite, free or shortly and irregularly connate at the base; anthers small, eglandular. Ovary sessile or stipitate, with 2 or more ovules. Fruit ovate to linear, straight, arcuate or contorted, membranous to woody, rarely articulated or moniliform. Seed large, with a filiform funicle or fleshy aril.

A genus with about 900 species; distributed mainly in tropics and subtropics, especially in Africa and Australia.[1]

Habit: Tree • Climbing: Not Climbing

Flowers: Flower Color: yellow

Distribution

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Range and Population

Native: .

Habitat

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Biome

Saltwater. Reef-associated.

Reproduction

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Duration: Perennial

Growth

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Soil: Minimum pH: 6.6 • Maximum pH: 8.5

Sunlight: Sun Exposure: Full Sun.

Temperature: Cold Hardiness: 9a, 9b, 10a, 10b, 11. (map)

Similar Species

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Members of the genus Acacia:

There are approximately 2,924 species, subspecies, varieties, forms, and cultivars in this genus. Here are just 100 of them: A. acuminata burkitii · A. angustissima smithii · A. aspera parviceps · A. ataxiphylla magna · A. bivenosa bivenosa · A. bivenosa wayi · A. disparrima calidestris · A. euthycarpa oblanceolata · A. farnesiana minuta · A. farnesiana pinetorum · A. julifera curvinervia · A. solandri solandri · A. sphacelata recurva · A. sphacelata verticillata · A. stipuligera stipuligera · A. tortilis campoptila · A. victoriae arida · A. yemenensis obtusifoliolata · A. hanburyana · A. 'Cascade' · A. 'Clair de Lune' · A. 'Mireille' · A. 'Rustica' · A. 'Winter Gold' · A. 05ana · A. abbatiana · A. abbreviata · A. abrupta · A. abstergens · A. abyssinica · A. abyssinica abyssinica · A. abyssinica calophylla · A. acanthaster · A. acanthocarpa var. uncinella · A. acanthoclada · A. acanthoclada acanthoclada · A. acanthoclada glaucescens · A. acanthoclada subsp. glaucescens · A. acanthoclada var. glaucescens · A. acanthophora · A. acatlensis · A. acellerata · A. acinacea (Gold Dust Wattle) · A. acinacea 'Ruby Tips' · A. acinacea var. acinacea · A. acinacea var. brevipedunculata · A. aciphylla · A. aciphylla var. aciphylla · A. acoma · A. acradena · A. acradenia · A. acrionastes · A. acuaria · A. acuifera · A. aculeaticarpa · A. aculeatissima · A. aculeiformis · A. acuminata (Raspberry Jam) · A. acuminata acuminata (Raspberry Jam) · A. acuminata burkittii · A. acuminata subsp. burkitii · A. acuminata var. acuminata · A. acutangula · A. acutata · A. acutistipula · A. adenanthera · A. adenocalyx · A. adenocarpa · A. adenogonia · A. adenopa · A. adenophora · A. adenostylis · A. adhaerens · A. adhaerens var. parviceps · A. adherens · A. adinophylla · A. adnata · A. adoxa · A. adoxa var. adoxa · A. adoxa var. subglabra · A. adoxa x · A. adpressa · A. adsurgens · A. adunca (Wallangarra Wattle) · A. aegyptiaca · A. aemula · A. aemula aemula · A. aemula muricata · A. aemula subsp. muricata · A. aestivalis · A. alata · A. alata var. alata · A. alata var. biglandulosa · A. alata var. glabrata · A. alata var. platyptera · A. alata var. tetrantha · A. alaticaulis · A. alaticaulisTindale · A. albescens · A. albicorticata (Aromo)

Bibliography

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  • Chinese Academy of Sciences. 1959–. Flora reipublicae popularis sinicae. (F China)
  • Cubero, J. I. & M. T. Moreno, dirs. 1983. Leguminosas de grano. (Leg Grano) [mentions].
  • Doran, J. C. & J. W. Turnbull, eds. 1997. Australian trees and shrubs: species for land rehabilitation and farm planting in the tropics. Australian Centre for International Agricultural Research. (Aust TreesSh)
  • Faridah Hanum, I. & L. J. G. van der Maesen, eds. 1997. Auxiliary plants. Plant Resources of South-East Asia (PROSEA). (Pl Res SEAs) 11:52–56.
  • Maslin, B. R. & L. Pedley. 1982. The distribution of Acacia (Leguminosae: Mimosoideae) in Australia. Part 1. Species distribution maps. Res. Notes W. Austral. Herb. 6:15.
  • Nasir, E. & S. I. Ali, eds. 1970–. Flora of [West] Pakistan. (F Pak) [cult.].
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  • National Academy of Sciences. 1980. Firewood crops. Shrub and tree species for energy production. (Firewood Cr)
  • Pedley, L. 1978. A revision of Acacia Mill. in Queensland. Austrobaileya 1:172.
  • Pedley, L. 1986. Derivation and dispersal of Acacia (Leguminosae), with particular reference to Australia, and the recognition of Senegalia and Racosperma. Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 92:247. [= Racosperma auriculiforme (A. Cunn. ex Benth.) Pedley].
  • Pettigrew, C. J. & L. Watson. 1975. Austral. J. Bot. 23:840.
  • Verdcourt, B. 1979. A manual of New Guinea legumes. (Leg NewGuin)

More Info

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Notes

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Contributors:

  • African Regional Workshop (Conservation and Sustainable Management of Trees, Zimbabwe) 1998. Pericopsis elata. In: IUCN 2006. 2006 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. &lt;www.iucnredlist.org&gt;. Downloaded on 20 October 2006.
  • Barneby RC and Forero E, 1994/1995 (from ILDIS).
  • Barneby RC & Forero E, 1994/1995 (from ILDIS).
  • BioSystematic Database of World Diptera, 7.0, 2005.
  • Bisby, F.A., Y.R. Roskov, M.A. Ruggiero, T.M. Orrell, L.E. Paglinawan, P.W. Brewer, N. Bailly, J. van Hertum, eds (2007). Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life: 2007 Annual Checklist. Species 2000: Reading, U.K.
  • Brands, S.J. (comp.) 1989-2005. Systema Naturae 2000. The Taxonomicon. Universal Taxonomic Services, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. [http://sn2000.taxonomy.nl/Taxonomicon/]. Access date: Nov 23, 2005
  • Brands, S.J. (comp.) 1989-2006. Systema Naturae 2000. The Taxonomicon. Universal Taxonomic Services, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. Accessed April 5, 2007.
  • Brands, S.J. (comp.) 1989-2007. Systema Naturae 2000. The Taxonomicon. Universal Taxonomic Services, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. Accessed September 17, 2007.
  • Carr, Gerald
  • Fautin, Daphne G. (from Hexacorallians of the World).
  • Global Biodiversity Information Facility. Accessed January 27, 2008. http://www.gbif.org Mediated distribution data from provider.
  • Hexacorallians of the World 2001.
  • Heyn CC & Heller D 1991/1993 (from ILDIS).
  • Home of the Xylariaceae 2006.
  • ILDIS World Database of Legumes, 10, Nov 2005
  • ILDIS World Database of LegumesNov 10, 2005.
  • Lewis GP, 1994/1995 (from ILDIS).
  • Light, Kris. East Tennessee Wildflowers
  • Nghia, N.H. 1998. Dalbergia entadoides. In: IUCN 2006. 2006 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. &lt;www.iucnredlist.org&gt;. Downloaded on 20 October 2006.
  • Nielsen IC & Rico ML, 1994 (from ILDIS).
  • Nielsen IC and Rico ML, 1994 (from ILDIS World Database of Legumes).
  • Ocean Biogeographic Information System. Accessed March 01, 2006. www.iobis.org
  • Parhost World Database of FleasNov 2, 2005.
  • Pasquet RS, 2001-06 (from ILDIS).
  • Pippen, Jeffrey S. Jeff's Nature Page. Accessed December 8, 2007.
  • Podlech D, 1996 (from ILDIS).
  • Polhill RM, 1993 (from ILDIS).
  • Rhytismatales database 2006.
  • Schrire BD, 1994-10 (from ILDIS).
  • Sokoloff DD, 2001-03 (from ILDIS).
  • Species Fungorum 2006.
  • Stirton CH, 2001-06 (from ILDIS).
  • The Global Lepidoptera Names Index2, 12.2, 2005.
  • The International Plant Names Index. Accessed Jan 19, 2007.
  • The Virtual Field Herbarium.
  • Thomson, Christian (from Diptera).
  • USDA, ARS, National Genetic Resources Program. Germplasm Resources Information Network - (GRIN) [Online Database]. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland. URL (April 24, 2008)
  • USDA, NRCS. 2005. The PLANTS Database, Version 3.5 (http://plants.usda.gov). National Plant Data Center, Baton Rouge, LA 70874-4490 USA.
  • Vaz AMSF, 2001-05 (from ILDIS).
  • World Conservation Monitoring Centre 1998. Adenanthera intermedia. In: IUCN 2006. 2006 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. &lt;www.iucnredlist.org&gt;. Downloaded on 20 October 2006.
  • van der Maesen LJG, 1993 (from ILDIS).
  • van der Maesen, LJG, 2001-03 (from ILDIS).

Data Sources:

Accessed through GBIF Data Portal December 02, 2007:

Identifiers:

Footnotes:

  1. "Acacia". in Flora of Pakistan. Published by Science Press (Beijing) and Missouri Botanical Garden Press. Online at EFloras.org.

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Last Revised: May 11, 2008