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Acacia mearnsii

(Black Wattle, Black Wattle Acacia Mearnsii)

Overview:

Conservation Status

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Population Analysis

  • For the 835,580 species in the Class Magnoliopsida (Dicotyledons), we average 4.30 observations each in our database; for the Black Wattle Acacia Mearnsii, we have 352 observations. Compared to other species in this Class, this species is moderately common.
  • A two-sample t-test can be used to determine whether the trend in observations of the Black Wattle Acacia Mearnsii is the same as the trend in observations of Magnoliopsida. Is this species just as common, as a proportion of all observations, as it once was? The answer is no, changes in observation rate of this species significantly differ from changes in observation rate of its Class. (t=15.109, p<0.001)
  • How do observation rates of the Black Wattle Acacia Mearnsii differ from those of Magnoliopsida? To answer this, we examined the percentage of observerations for Magnoliopsida that were observations of the Black Wattle Acacia Mearnsii each year. We then correlated this percentage with observation year. If observations of the Black Wattle Acacia Mearnsii are becoming more common relative to other species of Magnoliopsida, the correlation should be positive, but if it is becoming less common, the correlation should be negative. In fact, the correlation is negative (r=-.67), with a negative slope (m = -.001), suggesting that the Black Wattle Acacia Mearnsii may be in decline relative to other species of Magnoliopsida. This correlation is statistically significant. (F = 24.04, p<.05)
  • The scatter chart to the right shows the percentage of all observations for Magnoliopsida each year that were observations of the Black Wattle Acacia Mearnsii.

Population Trend:

Growing

Up

Taxonomy

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Unambiguous Synonyms:

  1. Racosperma mearnsii (De Wild.)Pedley

Misapplied Names:

  1. Acacia decurrens var. mollis Auct. non Lindl.
  2. Acacia mollissima sensu auct.

Notes:

Name Status: Accepted Name. Latest taxonomic scrutiny: Rico M.L., 1994

Place of publication: Pl. bequaert. 3:61. 1925

Name verified on 05-Nov-1985 by ARS Systematic Botanists. Last updated: 22-Dec-2004

Physical Description

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Subfamily Mimosoideae:

Mostly trees or shrubs. Leaves mostly bipinnate. Corolla usually not showy, actinomorphic, sympetalous, the lobes valvate. Stamens 10-numerous, often monadelphous, showy. Pollen released in monads, tetrads, or polyads. Seeds with u-shaped line (pleurogram) present. [Carr]

Genus Acacia:

Trees, shrubs, rarely herbs, often prickly or spinose. Leaves bipinnate; leaflets small and numerous or leaves reduced to phyllodes; petiolar glands often present; stipules generally spinescent. Inflorescence cylindric spike or globose head; peduncle solitary axillary or fasciculate or paniculate at the end of branches; bracts often two, scale like, situated on the peduncle at various levels. Flowers small, 3-5-merous, bisexual or plants polygamous. Calyx campanulate, dentate, lobed or polysepalous. Petals usually more or less united, rarely absent. Stamens indefinite, free or shortly and irregularly connate at the base; anthers small, eglandular. Ovary sessile or stipitate, with 2 or more ovules. Fruit ovate to linear, straight, arcuate or contorted, membranous to woody, rarely articulated or moniliform. Seed large, with a filiform funicle or fleshy aril.

A genus with about 900 species; distributed mainly in tropics and subtropics, especially in Africa and Australia.[1]

Species Acacia mearnsii:

Unarmed, evergreen tree 5-10 (-15) m high; branchlets shallowly ridged; all parts finely hairy; growth tips golden-hairy. Leaves: Dark olive-green, finely hairy, bipinnate; leaflets short (1.5-4 mm) and crowded; raised glands occur at and between the junctions of pinnae pairs. Flowers: Pale yellow or cream, globular flowerheads in large, fragrant sprays. Fruits: Dark brown pods, finely hairy, usually markedly constricted" (Henderson, 1995).

Habit: Tree, Shrub • Climbing: Not Climbing

Flowers: Bloom Period: March, April, May. • Flower Color: pale yellow

Distribution

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Range and Population

Native: Tasmania, Victoria.

Habitat

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In the Pacific, it grows in disturbed, mesic habitats between 600-1,700 m.

Biome

range/grasslands

Reproduction

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>

ominated as among 100 of the "World's Worst" invaders

Duration: Perennial

Growth

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Culture: Space 15-20' apart.

Soil: Minimum pH: 5.6 • Maximum pH: 7.5

Sunlight: Sun Exposure: Full Sun.

Temperature: Cold Hardiness: 10a, 10b, 11. (map)

Similar Species

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Members of the genus Acacia:

There are approximately 2,924 species, subspecies, varieties, forms, and cultivars in this genus. Here are just 100 of them: A. acuminata burkitii · A. angustissima smithii · A. aspera parviceps · A. ataxiphylla magna · A. bivenosa bivenosa · A. bivenosa wayi · A. disparrima calidestris · A. euthycarpa oblanceolata · A. farnesiana minuta · A. farnesiana pinetorum · A. julifera curvinervia · A. solandri solandri · A. sphacelata recurva · A. sphacelata verticillata · A. stipuligera stipuligera · A. tortilis campoptila · A. victoriae arida · A. yemenensis obtusifoliolata · A. hanburyana · A. 'Cascade' · A. 'Clair de Lune' · A. 'Mireille' · A. 'Rustica' · A. 'Winter Gold' · A. 05ana · A. abbatiana · A. abbreviata · A. abrupta · A. abstergens · A. abyssinica · A. abyssinica abyssinica · A. abyssinica calophylla · A. acanthaster · A. acanthocarpa var. uncinella · A. acanthoclada · A. acanthoclada acanthoclada · A. acanthoclada glaucescens · A. acanthoclada subsp. glaucescens · A. acanthoclada var. glaucescens · A. acanthophora · A. acatlensis · A. acellerata · A. acinacea (Gold Dust Wattle) · A. acinacea 'Ruby Tips' · A. acinacea var. acinacea · A. acinacea var. brevipedunculata · A. aciphylla · A. aciphylla var. aciphylla · A. acoma · A. acradena · A. acradenia · A. acrionastes · A. acuaria · A. acuifera · A. aculeaticarpa · A. aculeatissima · A. aculeiformis · A. acuminata (Raspberry Jam) · A. acuminata acuminata (Raspberry Jam) · A. acuminata burkittii · A. acuminata subsp. burkitii · A. acuminata var. acuminata · A. acutangula · A. acutata · A. acutistipula · A. adenanthera · A. adenocalyx · A. adenocarpa · A. adenogonia · A. adenopa · A. adenophora · A. adenostylis · A. adhaerens · A. adhaerens var. parviceps · A. adherens · A. adinophylla · A. adnata · A. adoxa · A. adoxa var. adoxa · A. adoxa var. subglabra · A. adoxa x · A. adpressa · A. adsurgens · A. adunca (Wallangarra Wattle) · A. aegyptiaca · A. aemula · A. aemula aemula · A. aemula muricata · A. aemula subsp. muricata · A. aestivalis · A. alata · A. alata var. alata · A. alata var. biglandulosa · A. alata var. glabrata · A. alata var. platyptera · A. alata var. tetrantha · A. alaticaulis · A. alaticaulisTindale · A. albescens · A. albicorticata (Aromo)

Bibliography

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  • Brenan & Melville. 1960. Kew Bull. 14:37.
  • Chinese Academy of Sciences. 1959–. Flora reipublicae popularis sinicae. (F China)
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  • Pedley, L. 1986. Derivation and dispersal of Acacia (Leguminosae), with particular reference to Australia, and the recognition of Senegalia and Racosperma. Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 92:249. [= Racosperma mearnsii (De Wild.) Pedley].
  • Pedley, L. 1987. Racosperma Martius (Leguminosae: Mimosoideae) in New Zealand: a checklist. Austrobaileya 2:358. [= Racosperma mearnsii (De Wild.) Pedley].
  • Rehm, S. 1994. Multilingual dictionary of agronomic plants. (Dict Rehm)
  • Seed Regulatory and Testing Branch, Agricultural Marketing Service, U.S.D.A. 1999. State noxious-weed seed requirements recognized in the administration of the Federal Seed Act. (State Noxweed Seed)
  • Timberlake, J. et al. 1999. Field guide to the acacias of Zimbabwe. (FG Acacia Zimbabwe)
  • Verdcourt, B. 1979. A manual of New Guinea legumes. (Leg NewGuin) [cult. & natzd.].
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  • Willis, J. H. 1970–1972. A handbook to plants in Victoria. (F VictWillis)

More Info

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Notes

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Contributors:

  • Bisby, F.A., Y.R. Roskov, M.A. Ruggiero, T.M. Orrell, L.E. Paglinawan, P.W. Brewer, N. Bailly, J. van Hertum, eds (2007). Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life: 2007 Annual Checklist. Species 2000: Reading, U.K.
  • Global Biodiversity Information Facility. Accessed November 15, 2007. http://www.gbif.org Mediated distribution data from 16 providers.
  • ILDIS World Database of LegumesNov 10, 2005.
  • USDA, ARS, National Genetic Resources Program. Germplasm Resources Information Network - (GRIN) [Online Database]. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland. URL (April 24, 2008)

Data Sources:

Accessed through GBIF Data Portal November 15, 2007:

Identifiers:

Footnotes:

  1. "Acacia". in Flora of Pakistan. Published by Science Press (Beijing) and Missouri Botanical Garden Press. Online at EFloras.org.

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Last Revised: May 11, 2008