Acacia pycnantha

• Common Names
• Description
• Biology
• Taxonomy
• Similar Species
• More Info
• Further Reading
• Notes

Common Names

Click on the language to view common names.

Description

Family Fabaceae

The Fabaceae are herbs, vines , shrubs , trees , and lianas found in both temperate and tropical areas. They comprise one of the largest families of flowering plants , numbering 630 genera and 18,000 species. The leaves are stipulate , nearly always alternate, and range from bipinnately or palmately compound to simple . The petiole base is commonly enlarged into a pulvinus that commonly functions in orientation of the leaves (sometimes very responsively, as in the sensitive plant, Mimosa pudica). The flowers are usually bisexual , actinomorphic to zygomorphic, slightly to strongly perigynous, and commonly in racemes , spikes, or heads . The perianth commonly consists of a calyx and corolla of 5 segments each. The androecium consists of commonly 1- many stamens (most commonly 10), distinct or variously united , sometimes some of them reduced to staminodes. The pistil is simple, often stipitate , comprising a single style and stigma, and a superior ovary with one locule containing 2-many marginal ovules. The fruit is usually a legume, sometimes a samara, loment, follicle, indehiscent pod, achene, drupe, or berry. The seeds often have a hard coat with hourglass-shaped cells , and sometimes bear a u-shaped line called a pleurogram. [Carr]

Subfamily Mimosoideae

Mostly trees or shrubs . Leaves mostly bipinnate. Corolla usually not showy, actinomorphic , sympetalous , the lobes valvate . Stamens 10-numerous, often monadelphous , showy. Pollen released in monads , tetrads , or polyads . Seeds with u-shaped line (pleurogram) present. [Carr]

Genus Acacia

Trees , shrubs , rarely herbs, often prickly or spinose . Leaves bipinnate; leaflets small and numerous or leaves reduced to phyllodes; petiolar glands often present; stipules generally spinescent . Inflorescence cylindric spike or globose head ; peduncle solitary axillary or fasciculate or paniculate at the end of branches; bracts often two, scale like, situated on the peduncle at various levels. Flowers small, 3-5-merous, bisexual or plants polygamous. Calyx campanulate , dentate , lobed or polysepalous . Petals usually more or less united , rarely absent. Stamens indefinite, free or shortly and irregularly connate at the base ; anthers small, eglandular . Ovary sessile or stipitate , with 2 or more ovules. Fruit ovate to linear , straight, arcuate or contorted, membranous to woody, rarely articulated or moniliform . Seed large, with a filiform funicle or fleshy aril.

A genus with about 900 species; distributed mainly in tropics and subtropics, especially in Africa and Australia.[1]

Physical Description

Habitat

Typically found at an altitude of 0 to 1,397 meters (0 to 4,583 feet).[2]

Biology

Reproduction

Duration: Perennial

Growth

Culture: Space 12-15' apart.

Soil: Minimum pH: 6.6 • Maximum pH: 8.5

Sunlight: Sun Exposure: Sun to Partial Shade.

Moisture: Drought Tolerance: High

Temperature: Cold Hardiness: 8a, 8b, 9a, 9b, 10a, 10b, 11. (map)

Taxonomy

Ambiguous Synonyms

1. Acacia falcinella Tausch

Unambiguous Synonyms

1. Acacia leiophylla Benth. , P. P.
2. Acacia petiolaris Lehm.
3. Acacia pycnantha var. petiolaris H. Vilm.
4. Acacia westoni Maiden
5. Acacia westonii Maiden
6. Racosperma pycnanthum (Benth.) Pedley

Notes

Publishing author : Maiden Publication : in Journ. Roy. Soc. N. S. Wales, 1920, liv. 227, in obs. Publishing author: Lehm. Publication: Novit. Pl. Hort. Hamb. (1851) 7; Linnaea, xxv. (1852) 306 Name Status: Accepted Name . Latest taxonomic scrutiny: Rico M .L., 1994

Place of publication: London J. Bot. 1:351. 1842

Name verified on 17-Nov-1987 by ARS Systematic Botanists. Last updated: 23-Aug-1994

Similar Species

Members of the genus Acacia

ZipcodeZoo has pages for 2783 species, subspecies, varieties, forms, and cultivars in this genus. Here are just 100 of them:

A. abbatiana · A. abbreviata · A. abietina · A. abrupta · A. abstergens · A. abyssinica (Nyanga Flat-Top) · A. abyssinica abyssinica · A. abyssinica calophylla · A. acanthaster · A. acanthocarpa · A. acanthoclada (Harrow Wattle) · A. acanthoclada acanthoclada · A. acanthoclada glaucescens · A. acanthoclada subsp. glaucescens · A. acanthoclada var. glaucescens (Harrow Wattle) · A. acantholoba · A. acanthophora · A. acanthophylla · A. acapulcensis · A. acatlensis · A. accola · A. acellerata · A. acicularis · A. acinacea (Round-Leaved Wattle) · A. acinacea 'Ruby Tips' · A. acinacea var. brevipedunculata · A. aciphylla · A. acoma · A. acradena · A. acradenia · A. acrionastes · A. acuaria · A. acuifera · A. aculeaticarpa (Catclaw Mimosa) · A. aculeatissima (Thin-Leaf Wattle) · A. aculeiformis · A. acuminata (Raspberry Jam) · A. acuminata acuminata (Raspberry Jam) · A. acuminata burkittii · A. acutangula · A. acutata · A. acutifolia · A. acutistipula · A. adansonii · A. adenanthera · A. adenantheroides · A. adenocalyx · A. adenocarpa · A. adenogonia · A. adenopa · A. adenophora · A. adenostylis · A. adhaerens · A. adherens · A. adiantoides · A. adinophylla · A. adnata · A. adoxa · A. adoxa var. adoxa · A. adoxa var. subglabra · A. adpressa · A. adstringens · A. adsurgens · A. adunca (Wallangarra Wattle) · A. aegyptiaca · A. aemula · A. aemula aemula · A. aemula muricata · A. aemula subsp. muricata · A. aestivalis · A. alata (Winged Wattle) · A. alata var. alata · A. alata var. biglandulosa · A. alata var. glabrata · A. alata var. platyptera · A. alata var. tetrantha · A. alaticaulis · A. alba · A. albescens · A. albicans · A. albicorticata (Espinillo Blanco) · A. albida · A. albizioides (Climbing Wattle) · A. albocorticata · A. alcockii · A. alemquerensis · A. alexandri · A. alleniana · A. allenii · A. alliacea · A. alocophylla · A. alpina (Alpine Wattle) · A. altiscandens · A. alvaroi · A. amabilis · A. amambayensis · A. amanda · A. amazonica · A. ambigua · A. amblygona (Fan Wattle)

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Further Reading

• A catalogue of the Coccidæ of the world. [By] Mrs. Maria E. Fernald, A.M. Amherst, Mass., Carpenter & Morehouse, 1903. ENG url p. 246, p. 295.
• A dictionary of the flowering plants and ferns, by J. C. Willis. CambridgeThe University Press, 1919 ENG url p. 8.
• A handbook of the destructive insects of Victoria: with notes on the methods to be adopted to check and extirpate them / prepared by order of the Victorian Dept. of Agriculture by C. French. Melbourne: Robt. S. Brain, 1891-1911. ENG url p. 227.
• Agricultural news. Bridgetown, Barbados, Bowen & sons;1902-22. ENG url p. 87.
• Anglo-russkii biologicheskii slovar' / [avtory, I. N. Afanas'eva et al.; spetsial'nye nauch. redaktory, O. I. Chibisova i L. A. Koziar]. Moskva: Russkii iazyk, 1979. ENG url p. 11.
• Biochemical systematics [by] Ralph E. Alston [and] B. L. Turner. Englewood Cliffs, N.J., Prentice-Hall[1963] ENG url p. 144.
• Biochemie der Pflanzen / von Friedrich Czapek. Jena: G. Fischer, 1922-25. GER url p. 675.
• Botanisches Zentralblatt; referierendes Organ für das Gesamtgebiet der Botanik. Jena [etc.]G. Fischer [etc.] GER url p. 125, p. 128, p. 17, p. 185, p. 218, p. 228, p. 25, p. 275, p. 304, p. 386, p. 463.
• Bulletin / Department of Agriculture, Forestry Division. Washington: G.P.O., ENG url p. 19, p. 20.
• Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History). London: The Museum, 1951-1992. ENG url p. 184, p. 188.
• Burbidge, N. T. & M. Gray. 1970. Flora of the Australian Capital Territory. (F AustCapT)
• Carnegie Institution of Washington publication. Washington, Carnegie Institution of Washington, 1902- ENG url p. 103, p. 107, p. 112, p. 135.
• Contribution l'tude des plantes utiles du Brsil / par P. Brocadet. Paris: Vigot, 1921. FRE url p. 46.
• Der Tropenpflanzer; zeitschrift fr tropische landwirtschaft. Berlin. GER url p. 260, p. 460, p. 461.
• Die Gartenwelt. Berlin: G. Schmidt, [1897- GER url p. 570.
• Die Rohstoffe des Pflanzenreichs: versuch einer Technischen Rohstofflehre des Pflanzenreiches / Unter Mitwirkung von Max Bemberger, von Julius von Wiesner. Leipzig: W. Engelmann, 1914. GER url p. 117, p. 118, p. 396, p. 601, p. 745, p. 90, p. 949.
• Duke, J. A. 1981. Handbook of legumes of world economic importance. (Leg WorldEc)
• Encke, F. et al. 1984. Zander: Handwörterbuch der Pflanzennamen, 13. Auflage. (Zander ed13)
• Experiment station record. Washington: G.P.O., 1889-1946. ENG url p. 26, p. 391, p. 437, p. 729, p. 819, p. 975.
• Forestry. London: W. Rider, [1883-1886]. ENG url p. 205.
• Henderson, L. 2001. Alien weeds and invasive plants: a complete guide to declared weeds and invaders in South Africa. Plant Protection Research Institute, Handbook 12. (Weeds SAfr 2001)
• Hilliard, O.M. and Burtt, B.L. 1986 Notes RBG Edinb.43:207-11. Notes on some pls of s. Africa
• Inventory of seeds and plants imported / U.S. Department of Agriculture, Bureau of Plant Industry. Washington, D.C.: G.P.O., 1914-1924. ENG url p. 32, p. 35, p. 39, p. 43, p. 56, p. 58, p. 87, p. 9.
• Irish gardening. [Dublin: Pub. Office, 1906-1922] ENG url p. 146.
• Jahresbericht über das Gebiet der Pflanzenkrankheiten. Berlin: P. Parey, 1907-1917. GER url p. 23, p. 36.
• Jahresbericht über die Fortschritte auf dem Gesamtgebiete der Agrikultur-Chemie. Berlin: Julius Springer, 1866-1919. GER url p. 120.
• Jessop, J. P. & H. R. Toelken, eds. 1986. Flora of South Australia, ed. 4. (F SAust)
• Journal of the Royal Microscopical Society. Oxford [etc.]Royal Microscopical Society. ENG url p. 288, p. 289.
• Journal of the proceedings of the Linnean Society. London. url p. 126.
• Just's botanischer jahresbericht. Systematisch geordnetes repertorium der botanischen literatur aller länder. Berlin, Gebr. Borntraeger, 1874-98; GER url p. 1057, p. 1058, p. 1093, p. 1114, p. 1133, p. 223, p. 259, p. 30, p. 302, p. 362, p. 393, p. 41, p. 424, p. 445, p. 740, p. 752.
• L'Agricoltura coloniale. Firenze, Istituto agronomico per l'Africa italiana [etc.] ITA url p. 221.
• L'Agriculture pratique des pays chauds. Paris: Augustin Challamel, [1901-1932] FRE url p. 164.
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• Liberty Hyde Bailey Hortorium. 1976. Hortus third. (Hortus 3)
• Maslin, B. R. & L. Pedley. 1982. The distribution of Acacia (Leguminosae: Mimosoideae) in Australia. Part 1. Species distribution maps. Res. Notes W. Austral. Herb. 6:99.
• National Academy of Sciences. 1979. Tropical legumes: resources for the future. (Trop Leg)
• Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales. Sydney, Linnean Society of New South Wales. ENG url p. 17, p. 242, p. 245, p. 333, p. 504, p. 6, p. 97.
• Proceedings of the United States National Museum. Washington: Smithsonian Institution Press, [etc.] ENG url p. 740.
• Rehm, S. 1994. Multilingual dictionary of agronomic plants. (Dict Rehm)
• Simmons, M. 1981. Acacias of Australia. 164.
• Synopsis plantarum; seu, Enumeratio systematica plantarum plerumque adhuc cognitarum cum differentiis specificis et synonymis selectis ad modum Persoonii elaborata, auctore David Dietrich. Vimariae, B. F. Voigtii, 1839-1852. LAT url p. 485.
• The Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Victoria. [Melbourne]:Dept. of Agriculture, Victoria, 1902-1955. ENG url p. 363, p. 364, p. 691.
• The Review of applied entomology. [Farnham Royal, Eng., etc.: Commonwealth Agricultural Bureaux, etc.] ENG url p. 101, p. 596, p. 614.
• The Victorian naturalist. Melbourne: Field Naturalists' Club of Victoria, ENG url p. 100, p. 100, p. 102, p. 102, p. 108, p. 109, p. 111, p. 111, p. 114, p. 116, p. 121, p. 122, p. 123, p. 124, p. 125, p. 127, p. 129, p. 131, p. 133, p. 143, p. 143, p. 156, p. 162, p. 166, p. 169, p. 175, p. 184, p. 185, p. 218, p. 24, p. 24, p. 61, p. 63, p. 71, p. 74, p. 82, p. 86, p. 88, p. 91, p. 91, p. 93, p. 95, p. 96, p. 96.
• The agricultural gazette of New South Wales. Sydney, C. Potter, Govt. Printer [etc.]. ENG url p. 183.
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Notes

Contributors

• Bisby, F.A., Y.R. Roskov, M.A. Ruggiero, T.M. Orrell, L.E. Paglinawan, P.W. Brewer, N. Bailly, J. van Hertum, eds (2007). Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life: 2007 Annual Checklist. Species 2000: Reading, U.K.
• Brands, S.J. (comp.) 1989-2006. Systema Naturae 2000. The Taxonomicon. Universal Taxonomic Services, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. Accessed April 21, 2007.
• Global Biodiversity Information Facility. Accessed November 14, 2007. http://www.gbif.org Mediated distribution data from 13 providers.
• ILDIS World Database of LegumesNov 10, 2005.
• USDA, ARS, National Genetic Resources Program. Germplasm Resources Information Network - (GRIN) [Online Database]. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland. URL (April 24, 2008)

Data Sources

Accessed through GBIF Data Portal November 14, 2007:

• Australian National Herbarium
• , Australian National Herbarium
• GBIF-Spain, Real Jardin Botanico
• , Vascular Plant Herbarium
• GBIF-Spain, Universitat de Girona: HGI-Cormophyta
• Missouri Botanical Garden, Missouri Botanical Garden
• National Herbarium of New South Wales, NSW herbarium collection
• Steiermärkisches Landesmuseum Joanneum - Herbarium GJO, Herbarium GJO
• USDA PLANTS, USDA PLANTS Database

Identifiers

• Biodiversity Heritage Library NamebankID: 2670343
• Catalogue of Life Accepted Name Code: ILD-22869 ILD-352
• Global Biodiversity Information Facility Taxonkey: 13625652
• Globally Unique Identifier: urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:471275-1
• GRIN Nomen Number: 968
• Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS) Taxonomic Serial Number (TSN): 506365
• International Plant Names Index (IPNI) ID: 77959-3
• U.S.D.A. Plant Symbol: ACPY3
• Zipcode Zoo Species Identifier: 12965

Footnotes

1. "Acacia". in Flora of Pakistan. Published by Science Press (Beijing) and Missouri Botanical Garden Press. Online at EFloras.org. [back]
2. Mean = 263.580 meters (864.764 feet), Standard Deviation = 286.240 based on 558 observations. Altitude information for each observation from British Oceanographic Data Centre. [back]

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