Common Names
Click on the language to view common names.
Common Names in English:
Bristly Starbur, Goat´s-Head, Hispid Greenstripe, Hispid Starburr, Starbur
Common Names in Portuguese:
Cabeça-De-Boi, Carrapicho-Chifre-De-Veado, Carrapicho-De-Carneiro, Espinho-De-Agulha, Espinho-De-Cigano
Common Names in Spanish:
Corona De La Reina, Cuagrilla
Description
Genus Acanthospermum
Annuals (sometimes persisting), 10-60(-120) cm. Stems erect
to ± prostrate
(repeatedly "forked"). Leaves cauline; opposite; petiolate
or ± sessile; blades
mostly elliptic
to deltate, rhombic
, or ovate
, sometimes lyrate, ultimate
margins
entire or toothed
, faces
usually pilosulous to sericeous
or scabrellous, sometimes glabrate
or glabrescent
, usually gland-dotted. Heads radiate
, 1(-3) in "forks" of branches (terminal
, appearing axillary
by sympodial growth). Involucres ± hemispheric
, 3-5 mm diam. (becoming ± rotate in fruit). Phyllaries persistent
(outer) or falling, 10-13 in 2 series (outer 4-6 herbaceous, inner 5-8 each investing
a ray ovary, enlarging in fruit to form a perigynium, shed with enclosed cypsela). Receptacles convex
, paleate (paleae cuneate to spatulate
, ± conduplicate
or flattish, membranous). Ray florets 5-8, pistillate
, fertile
; corollas yellowish (tubes
shorter than to equaling laminae
, laminae ovate to elliptic or linear
). Disc florets 3-8(-12+), functionally staminate
; corollas yellowish, tubes shorter than funnelform
or campanulate
throats
, lobes
5, deltate. Cypselae each enclosed within and shed with an often hardened, ± prickly perigynium (the ultimate "fruits" plumply ellipsoid
to fusiform
, or ± compressed
) ; pappi 0 or rudimentary
. x = 11.
Species 6: introduced
; mostly tropical
to warm-temperate New World; also introduced in Old World.[1]
Physical Description
Species Acanthospermum hispidum
Plants 10-60+ cm. Stems erect . Leaf blades rhombic-ovate to obovate , (20-) 40-120(-150+) mm, faces finely pilosulous, gland-dotted. Fruits ± compressed , ± cuneate to obovate, 4-6+ mm, not notably ribbed , terminal spines 2, divergent, 3-4 mm, often 1 ± uncinate , prickles seldom notably uncinate, ± scattered . 2n = 22. Flowering year round, mostly Aug-Oct. [source]
Habit: Forb/herb
Habitat
Disturbed
, often sandy sites; 0-100+ m
[2].
Typically found at an altitude of 0 to 3,992 meters (0 to 13,097 feet).[3]
Biology
Reproduction
Duration: Annual , Perennial
Taxonomy
- Kingdom:
Plantae
(
)
- Plants
- Phylum:
Tracheophyta
()
- Vascular Plants
- Class:
Magnoliopsida
()
- Dicotyledons
- Order:
Asterales
()
- Family:
Elateroidea
()
- Genus:
Acanthospermum
()
- Schrank, Pl. Rar. Hort. Monac. 2: plate 53. 1820.
- [Greek acantha, prickle, and sperma, seed, alluding to prickly "fruits"]
- Specific epithet:
hispidum
- DC.
- Botanical name: - Acanthospermum hispidum DC.
- Specific epithet:
hispidum
- DC.
- Genus:
Acanthospermum
(
- Family:
Elateroidea
(
- Order:
Asterales
(
- Class:
Magnoliopsida
(
- Phylum:
Tracheophyta
(
Unambiguous Synonyms
- Acanthospermum Humile Hispidum
Notes
Name
Status: Accepted Name
. Latest taxonomic
scrutiny: 15-Mar-2000
Place of publication
: Prodr. 5:522. 1836
Name verified on 31-Aug-2004 by ARS Systematic Botanists. Last updated: 31-Aug-2004
Similar Species
Members of the genus Acanthospermum
ZipcodeZoo has pages for 20 species, subspecies, varieties, forms, and cultivars in this genus:
A. australe (Paraguayan Starburr) · A. brachyceratum · A. brasilianum · A. brasilium · A. brasilum · A. consobrinum · A. donii · A. glabratum · A. hirsutum · A. hispidum (Hispid Greenstripe) · A. humile (Roadside Greenstripe) · A. humile var. normale · A. lecocarpoides · A. leptolobum · A. microcarpum · A. simile · A. spinosum · A. xanthioides (Southern Starburr) · A. xanthioides var. acutifolium · A. xanthioides var. obtusifolium
More Info
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- Search using Scientific Name and Vernacular Names: All the Web | AltaVista Canada | AltaVista | Excite | Google | HotBot | Lycos
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Further Reading
- Acevedo-Rodríguez, P. et al. 1996. Flora of St. John, U.S. Virgin Islands. Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 78:1-581. (F St John)
- Allgemeine botanische Zeitschrift für Systematik, Floristik, Pflanzengeographie etc. Karlsruhe: J.J. Reiff, 1895-1928. GER url p. 126.
- Annali del Museo civico di storia naturale di Genova. Genova: Tip. del R. Istituto Sordo-Muti, 1870-1914. ITA url p. 18, p. 52.
- Boletin de la Academia Nacional de Ciencias. Cordoba [etc.]Academia Nacional de Ciencias. SPA url p. 533.
- Botanisches Zentralblatt; referierendes Organ für das Gesamtgebiet der Botanik. Jena [etc.]G. Fischer [etc.] GER url p. 16, p. 178.
- Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History). London: The Museum, 1951-1992. ENG url p. 378.
- Burkart, A. E., ed. 1969–. Flora ilustrada de Entre Rios. (F EntreR)
- Cabrera, A. L., dir. 1977–. Flora de la provincia de Jujuy, Republica Argentina. (F Jujuy)
- Chloris platensis argentina / por Cristóbal M. Hicken. Buenos Aires: J.A. Alsina, 1910. SPA url p. 251.
- Clewell, A. F. 1985. Guide to the vascular plants of the Florida panhandle. (F FlaPan)
- Contributions from the New York Botanical Garden. New York: The Garden, 1899- ENG url p. 13.
- Dubs, B. 1998. Prodromus florae matogrossensis. Botany of Mato Grosso, series B, no. 3. (L Mato Grosso)
- Flora of Guatemala / Dorothy L. Nash, Louis O. Williams; genera contributed by Kenneth M. Becker [et al.]. Chicago, Ill.: Field Museum of Natural History, 1976. ENG url p. 187, p. 503.
- Flora of the southeastern United States; being descriptions of the seed-plants, ferns and fern-allies growing naturally in North Carolina, South Carolina, Georgia, Florida, Tennessee, Alabama, Mississippi, Arkansas, Louisiana, and in Oklahom by John Kunke New York, The author, 1913. ENG url p. 1372.
- Holm, L. et al. 1979. A geographical atlas of world weeds. (Atlas WWeed)
- Howard, R. 1974–1989. Flora of the lesser Antilles. (F LAnt)
- Just's botanischer jahresbericht. Systematisch geordnetes repertorium der botanischen literatur aller länder. Berlin, Gebr. Borntraeger, 1874-98; GER url p. 516.
- Lazarides, M. & B. Hince. 1993. CSIRO Handbook of Economic Plants of Australia. (Econ Pl Aust)
- Liogier, H. A. 1984–. Descriptive flora of Puerto Rico and adjacent islands. (F PuertoR)
- McGuffin, M. et al., eds. 2000. Herbs of commerce, ed. 2. (Herbs Commerce ed2)
- Me?moires /Socie?te? botanique de France. 1 1905 [Paris: La Socie?te?, 1905-1921. FRE url p. 409.
- Missouri Botanical Garden. W³Tropicos - on-line resource. (TROPICOS)
- Parsons, W. T. & E. G. Cuthbertson. 1992. Noxious weeds of Australia. (Noxweed Aust)
- Plantae diaphoricae florae Argentinae, ó, Revista sistemática de las plantas medicinales, alimenticias ó de alguna otra utilidad y de las venenosas, qùe son indígenas de la República Argentina Buenos Aires, G. Kraft, 1882. SPA url p. 339.
- Radford, A. E. et al., eds. 1980–. Vascular flora of the southeastern United States. (F SE US)
- Rehm, S. 1994. Multilingual dictionary of agronomic plants. (Dict Rehm)
- Scientific survey of Porto Rico and the Virgin Islands / New York Academy of Sciences. New York, N.Y.: The Academy, 1919- url p. 301.
- Seed Regulatory and Testing Branch, Agricultural Marketing Service, U.S.D.A. 1999. State noxious-weed seed requirements recognized in the administration of the Federal Seed Act. (State Noxweed Seed)
- Smithsonian miscellaneous collections. Washington: Smithsonian Institution, 1862-1968. ENG url p. 240.
- Standley, P. C. & J. A. Steyermark. 1946–1976. Flora of Guatemala. (F Guat)
- Stevens, W. D. et al., eds. 2001. Flora de Nicaragua. Monogr. Syst. Bot. Missouri Bot. Gard. 85(1-3). (F Nicaragua)
- Steyermark, J. A. et al., eds. 1995–. Flora of the Venezuelan Guayana. (F VenGuay)
- Studies in West Indian plants. New York, 1908-26. ENG url p. 13.
- The flora of the American Virgin Islands / N.L. Britton. New York: New York Botanical Garden, 1918. ENG url p. 98.
- Turrill, W. B. et al., eds. 1952–. Flora of tropical East Africa. (F TE Afr)
- Wagner, W. L. et al. 1990. Manual of the flowering plants of Hawai'i. (F Hawaii)
- Zuloaga, F. O. & O. Morrone, eds. 1996. Catálogo de las plantas vasculares de la República Argentina. I. Pteridophyta, Gymnospermae y Angiospermae (Monocotyledonae), II. Dicotyledonae. Monogr. Syst. Bot. Missouri Bot. Gard. 60, 74., 1999 (L Argent)
- Blake, S. F. 1921. Revision of the genus Acanthospermum. Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 20: 383-392.
Notes
Contributors
- "Acanthospermum hispidum". in Flora of North America Vol. 21 Page 37. Published by Oxford University Press. Online at EFloras.org.
- Bisby, F.A., Y.R. Roskov, M.A. Ruggiero, T.M. Orrell, L.E. Paglinawan, P.W. Brewer, N. Bailly, J. van Hertum, eds (2007). Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life: 2007 Annual Checklist. Species 2000: Reading, U.K.
- Global Biodiversity Information Facility. Accessed November 15, 2007. http://www.gbif.org Mediated distribution data from 15 providers.
- USDA, ARS, National Genetic Resources Program. Germplasm Resources Information Network - (GRIN) [Online Database]. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland. URL (April 25, 2008)
Data Sources
Accessed through GBIF Data Portal November 15, 2007:
- Australian National Herbarium
- , Australian National Herbarium
- Herbarium of the University of Aarhus, The AAU Herbarium Database
- Herbier de la Guyane, Herbier de la Guyane
- Missouri Botanical Garden, Missouri Botanical Garden
- National Herbarium of New South Wales, NSW herbarium collection
- National Herbarium of New South Wales, Plants of Papua New Guinea
- USDA PLANTS, USDA PLANTS Database
- University of Alabama Biodiversity and Systematics, Herbarium
Identifiers
- Biodiversity Heritage Library NamebankID: 2657877
- Catalogue of Life Accepted Name Code: ITS-36446
- Global Biodiversity Information Facility Taxonkey: 13748770
- Globally Unique Identifier: urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:84609-3
- GRIN Nomen Number: 1077
- Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS) Taxonomic Serial Number (TSN): 36446
- International Plant Names Index (IPNI) ID: 84609-3
- Natural Heritage Network Species Identifier: PDAST02020
- U.S.D.A. Plant Symbol: ACHI
- Zipcode Zoo Species Identifier: 17912
Footnotes
- John L. Strother "Acanthospermum". in Flora of North America Vol. 21 Page 33, 36. Oxford University Press. Online at EFloras.org. [back]
- "Acanthospermum hispidum". in Flora of North America Vol. 21 Page 37. Oxford University Press. Online at EFloras.org. [back]
- Mean = 266.220 meters (873.425 feet), Standard Deviation = 648.630 based on 237 observations. Altitude information for each observation from British Oceanographic Data Centre. [back]
