Achyranthes splendens var. rotundata

• Overview
• Common Names
• Description
• Taxonomy
• Similar Species
• More Info
• Further Reading
• Notes

Overview

Critically Endangered

Common Names

Description

Genus Achyranthes

Herbs, perennial or annual . Stems erect to ascending . Leaves opposite, petiolate ; blade elliptic , ovate to orbiculate, or broadly rhombate, margins entire . Inflorescences terminal and axillary , pedunculate , elongate , many-flowered, simple spikes or few-branched panicles; flowers crowded together at tips , becoming more widely spaced toward base . Flowers bisexual , often becoming deflexed with age; tepals 4 or 5, basally connate , without ornamentation, coriaceous , becoming indurate in fruit, ± glabrous ; filaments basally connate into short tubes or cups ; anthers 4-locular; pseudostaminodes 5; ovary obovoid or turbinate ; ovule 1; style elongate; stigma 1, capitate. Utricles enclosed by and falling with indurate tepals, elliptic or cylindric , membranous, indehiscent. Seeds 1, inverted , obovoid or ovoid , smooth .

Species 8-12: c and se United States, Mexico, West Indies, Central America, South America, tropical , subtropical , and warm-temperate regions of the Old World.

The groups of plants referred to as Achyranthes and Alternanthera have been subject to considerable nomenclatural confusion, primarily because P. C. Standley (1915) designated Achyranthes repens Linnaeus as the lectotype species of Achyranthes. As a result, species that had been placed in Achyranthes were transferred to Centrostachys Wallich, and species that had been in Alternanthera were transferred to Achyranthes. A. A. Bullock (1957; see also R. Melville 1958) showed that Standley's lectotypification was incorrect and that the type species of Achyranthes is Achyranthes aspera Linnaeus. The generic concepts of Achyranthes and Alternanthera then returned to those prior to 1915.[1]

Habitat

Ecology: This shrub occurs at low elevations in open, dry forest remnants and open thickets, on talus or rocky slopes , and on coralline plains (Wagner et al. 1999). The substrate in southwestern O'ahu consists of emerged coral reef with calcareous substrates.[2]


List of Habitats :1.5Forest - Subtropical/Tropical Dry 3.5Shrubland - Subtropical/Tropical Dry 13.3Marine Coastal/Supratidal - Coastal Sand Dunes

Taxonomy

Unambiguous Synonyms

1. Achyranthes splendens var. reflecta Hbd.

Notes

Name Status: Accepted Name . Latest taxonomic scrutiny: 15-Mar-2000

Similar Species

Members of the genus Achyranthes

There are approximately 216 species in this genus. Here are just 100 of them:

A. abyssinica · A. acuminata · A. alba · A. albida · A. alopecuroides · A. alternifolia · A. altissima · A. amabilis · A. amaranthoides (Jiang Guo Xian) · A. ancistrophora · A. angustifolia · A. annua · A. aphylla · A. aquatica · A. arborescens · A. argentea · A. aspera (Devil´s Horsewhip) · A. aspera obtusifolia · A. aspera var. argentea · A. aspera var. aspera (Devil's Horsewhip) · A. aspera var. canescens · A. aspera var. indica · A. aspera var. obtusifolia · A. aspera var. porphyristachya · A. aspera var. pubescens (Devil's Horsewhip) · A. aspera var. rubro-fusca · A. aspera var. sicula · A. aspera var. simplex · A. aspera var. velutina · A. atollensis (Hawai'i Chaff Flower) · A. atra · A. atropurpurea · A. australis · A. avicularis · A. axillaris · A. baccata · A. bangii · A. bengalensis · A. benthamii · A. bettzickiana · A. bidentata (Pig's Knee) · A. bidentata f. rubra · A. bidentata var. japonica · A. bidentata var. villosa · A. biemilleri · A. boliviana · A. borbonica · A. brachiata · A. brasiliana · A. breviflora · A. calceolata · A. calea · A. canescens · A. capitata · A. capituliflora · A. carnosa · A. carsonii · A. chacoensis · A. chinensis · A. ciliata · A. conferta · A. cordata · A. cordobensis · A. corymbosa · A. costaricensis · A. coynei · A. crassifolia · A. crispa · A. cyclophylla · A. cylindrica · A. debilis · A. decumbens · A. diandra · A. dichotoma · A. digera · A. dioica · A. echinata · A. echinocephala · A. elegantissima · A. elongata · A. excelsa · A. fasciculata · A. fauriei · A. ferruginea · A. ficoidea · A. filifolia · A. fischeri · A. flavicoma · A. frumentacea · A. frutescens · A. fruticosa · A. fruticosa var. pubescens · A. galapagensis · A. geminata · A. geniculata · A. glauca · A. glaucescens · A. globosa · A. glomerata · A. gracilis

More Info

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Further Reading

• (2002). Hawaiian Native Plant Propagation Database. [Web-based, searchable database] College of Tropical Agriculture and Human Resources: University of Hawaii at Manoa. http://pdcs.ctahr.hawaii.edu:591/hawnprop/botlist.htm. Accessed: 2002.
• Bornhorst, H.L.; Rauch, F.D. 1994. Native Hawaiian Plants for Landscaping, Conservation, and Reforestation. Honolulu, HI: University of Hawaii--Hawaii Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Human Resources. 18p.
• Lum, B. Native Hawaiian Gardens. ¬ Burt Lum, 1996-98. http://www.brouhaha.net/nahele/main.html. Accessed: 2002.
• NatureServe. 2003. NatureServe Explorer: An online encyclopedia of life [web application]. Version 1.8. NatureServe, Arlington, Virginia. (Accessed: October 20, 2003).
• U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. 2003. Rare plant database. Unpublished.
• USFWS. 1976. Proposed Endangered Status for 1700 U.S. Plants. Federal Register. 41: 24523-24572.
• USFWS. 1985. Two Plants Proposed for Listing as Endangered. Endangered Species Technical Bulletin. 10, 5: 3-4.
• USFWS. 1986. Protection Given to Seven Species. Endangered Species Technical Bulletin. 11, 4: 1, 4-6.
• USFWS. 2001. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Species List. March 30, 2000. Honolulu: Unpublished. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. p.19.
• Wagner, W., Herbst, D. and Sohmer S. 1999. Manual of the Flowering Plants of Hawaii. Bernice Pauahi Bishop Museum Special Publication 91: 1-1918.
• Wagner, W.L.; Bruegmann, M.M.; Herbst, D.R; Lau, J.Q.C. 1999. Hawaiian Vascular Plants at Risk: 1999. Honolulu, HI: Bishop Museum Press Honolulu.

Notes

Contributors

• Bisby, F.A., Y.R. Roskov, M.A. Ruggiero, T.M. Orrell, L.E. Paglinawan, P.W. Brewer, N. Bailly, J. van Hertum, eds (2007). Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life: 2007 Annual Checklist. Species 2000: Reading, U.K.
• Bruegmann, M.M. & Caraway, V. 2003. Achyranthes splendens var. rotundata. In: IUCN 2006. 2006 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. <www.iucnredlist.org>. Downloaded on 21 October 2006.
• Bruegmann, M.M. & Caraway, V. 2003. In IUCN 2008. 2008 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. IUCNRedList.org. Downloaded July 19, 2008.
• Center for Plant Conservation Plant Profile for Achyranthes splendens var. rotundata. Accessed January 15, 2007.

Identifiers

• Catalogue of Life Accepted Name Code: ITS-181935
• Global Biodiversity Information Facility Taxonkey: 13890300
• IUCN ID: 44147
• Zipcode Zoo Species Identifier: 1027531

Footnotes

1. Kenneth R. Robertson "Achyranthes". in Flora of North America Vol. 4 Page 406, 435. Oxford University Press. Online at EFloras.org. [back]
2. Bruegmann, M.M. & Caraway, V. 2003. In IUCN 2008. 2008 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. IUCNRedList.org. Downloaded July 19, 2008. [back]

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