Adenophorus oahuensis
(Oahu Kihifern)Overview:
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Conservation Status
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Taxonomy
- Domain: Eukaryota
Whittaker & Margulis,1978 - eukaryotes
- Kingdom: Plantae
Haeckel, 1866 - Plants
- Subkingdom: Viridaeplantae
Cavalier-Smith, 1981 - Green Plants
- Phylum: Tracheophyta
Sinnott, 1935 ex Cavalier-Smith, 1998 - Vascular Plants
- Subphylum: Pteridophytina
(Eichler, 1883) Cavalier-Smith, 1998 - Pteridophytes
- Infraphylum: Filices
(Linnaeus, 1753) Cavalier-Smith, 1998 - Ferns
- Class: Filicopsida
- Ferns
- Order: Filicales
Dumortier, 1829
- Family: Grammitidaceae
(gram-MY-tis)
- Genus: Adenophorus
- Kihifern
- Specific epithet: oahuensis (Copel.) L.Bishop
- Botanical name: Adenophorus oahuensis (Copel.) L.Bishop
- Specific epithet: oahuensis (Copel.) L.Bishop
- Genus: Adenophorus
- Kihifern
- Family: Grammitidaceae
(gram-MY-tis)
- Order: Filicales
Dumortier, 1829
- Class: Filicopsida
- Ferns
- Infraphylum: Filices
(Linnaeus, 1753) Cavalier-Smith, 1998 - Ferns
- Subphylum: Pteridophytina
(Eichler, 1883) Cavalier-Smith, 1998 - Pteridophytes
- Phylum: Tracheophyta
Sinnott, 1935 ex Cavalier-Smith, 1998 - Vascular Plants
- Subkingdom: Viridaeplantae
Cavalier-Smith, 1981 - Green Plants
- Kingdom: Plantae
Haeckel, 1866 - Plants
Unambiguous Synonyms:
- Grammitis oahuensis Copeland
Notes:
Name Status: Accepted Name. Latest taxonomic scrutiny: 15-Mar-2000
Physical Description
Family Grammitidaceae:
Plants perennial, mostly small, on rock or commonly epiphytic [rarely terrestrial]. Stems long- to short-creeping or suberect, usually unbranched, bearing scales [rarely scales absent], solenostelic (having phloem on both sides of xylem) to dictyostelic (having complex nets of xylem) . Leaves erect, arching, or pendent, monomorphic [rarely with specialized fertile areas], less than 50 cm [rarely longer], usually scaleless throughout. Petioles often dark-colored and wiry, commonly terete, usually less than 2 mm diam., articulate or not articulate, with 1 or 2 vascular strands. Blades simple and entire to commonly pinnatifid or 1-pinnate, rarely 2-pinnate or more divided, glabrous or commonly bearing hairs, especially on petioles and rachises; hairs tan to dark reddish brown [or transparent], unicellular to multicellular; rachises often dark-colored, not grooved adaxially. Veins free [to anastomosing in simple patterns]; hydathodes present or absent, sometimes obscured by lime dots adaxially. Sori abaxial on veins, round to oblong [occasionally elongate]; paraphyses present or absent, these glandular or hairlike; sporangia with stalk of 1 row of cells; indusia absent. Spores greenish, tetrahedral-globose, trilete, surface commonly papillate. Gametophytes greenish, borne aboveground, ribbon-shaped, sometimes bearing multicellular gemmae.
Genera ca. 10 or more, species ca. 500 or more (1 genus, 1 species in the flora) : mostly tropical and subtropical, North America, ca. 250 in Mexico, West Indies, Central America, South America.
Circumscription of genera is unsettled and in some cases arbitrarily based on blade dissection. Generic limits need redefinition and are the subject of current study. The family description above encompasses the worldwide variation. Relationships of the family have generally been thought to be with the Polypodiaceae with which the family is sometimes combined, but that is open to question. Most species are epiphytic, and many occur in cloud forests at middle and high elevations.[1]
Habit: Forb/herb
Distribution
Range and Population
Oceania
Reproduction
Duration: Perennial
Similar Species
Members of the genus Adenophorus:
There are approximately 25 species, subspecies, varieties, forms, and cultivars in this genus: A. abbottiae · A. carsonii · A. abbottiae · A. abietinus (Elegant Kihifern) · A. bipinnatus · A. carsonii · A. epigaeus (Kauai Kihifern) · A. haalilioanus (Island Kihifern) · A. hillebrandii · A. hymenophylloides (Filmy Kihifern) · A. minutus · A. montanus (Maui Kihifern) · A. oahuensis (Oahu Kihifern) · A. periens (Pendant Kihi Fern) · A. pinnatifidus (Graceful Kihifern) · A. pinnatifidus var. rockii · A. sarmentosus · A. sarmentosus var. rockii · A. tamarisci · A. tamariscinus (Wahini Noho Mauna) · A. tamariscinus (Kaulf.) Hook. & Grev. var. tamariscinus (Kaulf.) Hook. & Gre (Wahini Noho Mauna) · A. tamariscinus var. tamariscinus · A. tripinnatifidus (Royal Kihifern) · A. × abbottiae · A. × carsonii
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Notes
Identifiers:
- Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS) Taxonomic Serial Number (TSN): 17843
- Global Biodiversity Information Facility Taxonkey: 239889
- Natural Heritage Network Species Identifier: PPGRA01050
- U.S.D.A. Plant Symbol: ADOA
- Zipcode Zoo Species Identifier: 19601
Footnotes:
- Alan R. Smith "Grammitidaceae". in Flora of North America Vol. 2. Oxford University Press. Online at EFloras.org.
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