Adiantum latifolium

• Common Names
• Description
• Biology
• Taxonomy
• Similar Species
• More Info
• Further Reading
• Notes

Common Names

Description

Subfamily Coliadinae

Sulphurs are members of the Family Pieridae. In North America, sulphurs range from Mexico to northern Canada. Females of most species are distinctly different from males. Some species are mud-puddlers and will collect around muddy pools on dirt roads. Sulphurs overwinter as larvae.

Genus Adiantum

Plants terrestrial or on rock. Stems short- to long-creeping or suberect, branched; scales deep tawny yellow to dark reddish brown [black], concolored or bicolored , linear-lanceolate to lanceolate, margins entire, erose-ciliate, or minutely dentate . Leaves monomorphic to somewhat dimorphic , densely clustered to closely spaced [distant ], 15--110 cm. Petiole chestnut brown to dark purple or blackish, with single groove adaxially, glabrous , hispid , or strigose , with 1 or 2 vascular bundles . Blade lanceolate, ovate , trowel-shaped, or fan-shaped, 1--4(--9) -pinnate proximally, membranaceous to papery , both surfaces commonly glabrous (2 species with scattered hairs ), adaxially dull or shiny, not striate ; rachis straight or flexuous . Ultimate segments subsessile to short-stalked (stalks terminating in cupulelike swelling at base of pinna in A. tenerum ), round, fan-shaped, rhombic , or oblong , 3--29 mm wide; base truncate to cuneate, free from costa; stalk dark, often lustrous ; fertile segments with marginal lobes recurved to form false indusia. Veins of ultimate segments conspicuous , free, ± dichotomously forking near base and well above segment base [anastomosing in a few tropical species], parallel distally. False indusia light gray-green or brown to dark brown, narrow, 0.6--1 mm wide, marginal, concealing sporangia until sporangia dehisce. Sporangia submarginal, borne along or sometimes also between veins on abaxial surface of false indusium, paraphyses and glands absent. Spores yellow or yellowish brown, tetrahedral-globose, trilete, rugulate to rugose or tuberculate , equatorial ridge absent. x = 29, 30.

Species ca. 150--200: nearly worldwide except at latitudes greater than 60°.

Most diverse in Andean South America, Adiantum is primarily a tropical genus; of the nine species occurring in the flora , A. melanoleucum, A. tenerum, and A. tricholepis are strictly subtropical . Adiantum hispidulum occurs only as an escape from cultivation. The genus is absent from dry areas in the interior of the continent.

Adiantum is a very clearly circumscribed genus of ferns, the character state "sporangia borne on abaxial surface of false indusium" being both necessary and sufficient to define it. Within this large and widespread genus, however, species relationships are mostly unknown. An evolutionary classification of the group is indeed much needed (R. M. Tryon and A. F. Tryon 1982).[1]

Physical Description

Habitat

Typically found at an altitude of 0 to 3,037 meters (0 to 9,964 feet).[2]

Biology

Reproduction

Duration: Perennial

Taxonomy

Notes

Name Status: Accepted Name . Latest taxonomic scrutiny: 15-Mar-2000

Place of publication : Encycl. 1:43. 1783

Name verified on 20-Jun-2005 by ARS Systematic Botanists. Last updated: 16-Aug-2006

Similar Species

Members of the genus Adiantum

ZipcodeZoo has pages for 641 species, subspecies, varieties, forms, and cultivars in this genus. Here are just 100 of them:

A. abscissum · A. achilleifolium · A. acinaciforme · A. acrocarpon · A. aculeatum · A. aculeolatum · A. acuminatum · A. adiantoides · A. aemulum · A. aethiopicum (Common Maidenhair Fern) · A. aethiopicum var. nodosa · A. aetiopi · A. affine · A. africanum · A. alarconianum · A. alatum · A. aleuticum (Aleutian Maidenhair-Fern) · A. aleuticum 'Dwarf Ecotype' · A. aleuticum 'Imbricatum' · A. aleuticum 'Japonicum' · A. aleuticum 'Laciniatum' · A. aleuticum 'Miss Sharples' · A. aleuticum 'Serpentine Ecotype' · A. aleuticum subpumilum · A. aleuticum 'Subpumilum' · A. amabile · A. amazonicum · A. amblyopteridium · A. amelianum · A. americanum · A. amoenum · A. amplum · A. anceps (Double Edge Maidenhair) · A. andicola · A. aneitense · A. angustatum · A. angustifolium · A. annamense · A. apalophyllum · A. arcanum · A. arcuatum · A. argutum · A. aristatum · A. asarifolium · A. asperum · A. assimile · A. atroviride · A. aubertii · A. auriculatum · A. australe · A. baenitzii · A. balansae · A. balfourii · A. bausei · A. bellum (Bermuda Maidenhair Fern) · A. bessoniae · A. birkenheadii · A. blumenavense · A. boliviense · A. bonatianum · A. bonii · A. bonplandii · A. borbonicum · A. boreale · A. brasiliense · A. braunii · A. breviserratum · A. caffrorum · A. cajennense · A. cajennense var. stenophyllum · A. calcareum · A. candatum · A. cantoniense · A. capense · A. capillaceum · A. capillaris-veneris · A. capillatum · A. capillis-veneris · A. capillium-veneris · A. capillius-veneris · A. capillus (Common Maidenhair) · A. capillus-junonis · A. capillus-venaris · A. capillus-venensis · A. capillus-veneri · A. capillus-veneris (Southern Maidenhair Fern) · A. capillus-veneris 'Banksianum' · A. capillus-veneris 'Cornubiense' · A. capillus-veneris 'Fimbriatum' · A. capillus-veneris 'Imbricatum' (Imbricatum Southern Maidenhair Fern Adiantum Capillus-Veneris) · A. capillus-veneris L. 'Fimbriatum' (Fimbriatum Southern Maidenhair Fern Adiantum Capillus-Veneris) · A. capillus-veneris 'Mairisii' · A. capillus-veneris 'Pointonii' · A. capillus-veneris var. fissum · A. capillus-veneris var. trifidum · A. capillus-venerus · A. capillusveneris · A. capillus gorgonis · A. capilus-veneris · A. capitus-junosis

More Info

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Further Reading

• Boggan, J. et al. 1997. Checklist of the plants of the Guianas, ed. 2. (L Guianas ed2)
• Breedlove, D. E., ed. 1981–. Flora of Chiapas. (F Chiapas)
• Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History). London: The Museum, 1951-1992. ENG url p. 140, p. 154, p. 170, p. 172, p. 173.
• Bulletin of the Natural History Museum. Andover: Intercept. ENG url p. 90.
• Davidse, G. et al., eds. 1994. Flora mesoamericana. (F Mesoamer)
• Ferns and fern allies of Guatemala. Robert G. Stolze; the genus Elaphoglossum by: John T. Mickel; the genus Thelypteris by: Alan R. Smith. Chicago, Ill.: Field Museum of Natural History, 1981. ENG url p. 24.
• Flora of the Lancetilla Valley, Honduras, by Paul C. Standley. Chicago, Field Museum of Natural History, 1931. ENG url p. 65.
• Illinois biological monographs. Urbana, Univ. of Illinois Press. ENG url p. 496, p. 534.
• Jørgensen, P. M. & S. León-Yánez, eds. 1999. Catalogue of the vascular plants of Ecuador. Monogr. Syst. Bot. Missouri Bot. Gard. 75. (L Ecuador)
• Journal of the Arnold Arboretum. 38 1957 Cambridge, Mass.: Arnold Arboretum, Harvard University [etc.], 1919- ENG url p. 153.
• Macbride, J. F. et al., eds. 1936–1971. Flora of Peru.; new ser. 1980- (F Peru)
• Mickel, J. T. & A. R. Smith. 2004. The pteridophytes of Mexico. Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 88:1-1054. (Ferns Mexico) 31.
• Pteridophyta of Peru. Rolla M. Tryon, Robert G. Stolze; with the collaboration of: R. James Hickey, Benjamin Øllgaard. Chicago, Ill.: Field Museum of Natural History, 1994. ENG url p. 100.
• Scientific survey of Porto Rico and the Virgin Islands / New York Academy of Sciences. New York, N.Y.: The Academy, 1919- url p. 120, p. 183, p. 36, p. 420, p. 422.
• The flora of the American Virgin Islands / N.L. Britton. New York: New York Botanical Garden, 1918. ENG url p. 102.

Notes

Contributors

• Bisby, F.A., Y.R. Roskov, M.A. Ruggiero, T.M. Orrell, L.E. Paglinawan, P.W. Brewer, N. Bailly, J. van Hertum, eds (2007). Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life: 2007 Annual Checklist. Species 2000: Reading, U.K.
• Global Biodiversity Information Facility. Accessed November 11, 2007. http://www.gbif.org Mediated distribution data from 13 providers.
• USDA, ARS, National Genetic Resources Program. Germplasm Resources Information Network - (GRIN) [Online Database]. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland. URL (April 25, 2008)

Data Sources

Accessed through GBIF Data Portal November 11, 2007:

• Australian National Herbarium
• , Australian National Herbarium
• Biologiezentrum der Oberoesterreichischen Landesmuseen, Biologiezentrum Linz
• GBIF-Spain, CUBA: Herbario de la Academia de Ciencias, La Habana, Cuba: HAC-Pteridophyta
• GBIF-Spain, CUBA:Herbario del Jardín Botánico Nacional, La Habana, Cuba: HAJB-Pteridophyta
• Herbarium of the University of Aarhus, The AAU Herbarium Database
• Herbier de la Guyane, Herbier de la Guyane
• Instituto Nacional de Biodiversidad
• , Biodiversidad de Costa Rica
• Missouri Botanical Garden, Missouri Botanical Garden
• SysTax, Herbarium Universitat Ulm
• SysTax, SysTax

Identifiers

• Biodiversity Heritage Library NamebankID: 2644532
• Catalogue of Life Accepted Name Code: ITS-17318
• Global Biodiversity Information Facility Taxonkey: 13728431
• Globally Unique Identifier: urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:17011100-1
• GRIN Nomen Number: 448550
• Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS) Taxonomic Serial Number (TSN): 17318
• International Plant Names Index (IPNI) ID: 271633-2
• MoBot NameID: 26602677
• U.S.D.A. Plant Symbol: ADLA
• Zipcode Zoo Species Identifier: 19629

Footnotes

1. Cathy A. Paris "Adiantum". in Flora of North America Vol. 2. Oxford University Press. Online at EFloras.org. [back]
2. Mean = 179.680 meters (589.501 feet), Standard Deviation = 1,034.160 based on 671 observations. Altitude information for each observation from British Oceanographic Data Centre. [back]

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