Aegilops triuncialis

• Common Names
• Description
• Biology
• Taxonomy
• Similar Species
• More Info
• Further Reading
• Notes

Common Names

Click on the language to view common names.

Description

Family Poaceae

Annual or perennial herbs, or tall woody bamboos . Flowering stems (culms ) jointed , internodes hollow or solid; branches arising singly from nodes and subtended by a leaf sheath and 2-keeled prophyll, often fascicled in bamboos. Leaves arranged alternately in 2 ranks , differentiated into sheath, blade , and an adaxial erect appendage at sheath/blade junction (ligule) ; leaf sheath surrounding and supporting culm-internode, split to base or infrequently tubular with partially or completely fused margins , modified with reduced blade in bamboos (culm sheaths) ; leaf blades divergent, usually long, narrow and flat, but varying from inrolled and filiform to ovate , veins parallel, sometimes with cross-connecting veinlets (especially in bamboos) ; ligule membranous or a line of hairs . Inflorescence terminal or axillary , an open, contracted , or spikelike panicle, or composed of lax to spikelike racemes arranged along an elongate central axis, or digitate, paired , or occasionally solitary; axillary inflorescences often many, subtended by spatheoles (specialized bladeless leaf sheaths) and gathered into a leafy compound panicle; spikelets often aggregated into complex clusters in bamboos. Spikelets composed of distichous bracts arranged along a slender axis (rachilla) ; typically 2 lowest bracts (glumes ) empty, subtending 1 to many florets ; glumes often poorly differentiated from accompanying bracts in bamboos. Florets composed of 2 opposing bracts enclosing a single small flower, outer bract (lemma) clasping the more delicate, usually 2-keeled inner bract (palea) ; base of floret often with thickened prolongation articulated with rachilla (callus) ; lemma often with apical or dorsal bristle (awn ), glumes also sometimes awned . Flowers bisexual or unisexual ; lodicules (small scales representing perianth) 2, rarely 3 or absent, 3 to many in bamboos, hyaline or fleshy ; stamens 3 rarely 1, 2, 6, or more in some bamboos, hypogynous, filaments capillary , anthers versatile; ovary 1-celled, styles (1 or) 2(rarely 3), free or united at base, topped by feathery stigmas, exserted from sides or apex of floret. Fruit normally a dry indehiscent caryopsis with thin pericarp firmly adherent to seed, pericarp rarely free, fleshy in some bamboos; embryo small or large; hilum punctate to linear .

About 700 genera and 11,000 species: widely distributed in all regions of the world.[1]

Genus Aegilops

Plants annual . Culms usually erect . Leaf sheath split almost to base ; auricles cresent-shaped; leaf blade usually flat. Spike cylindric , lanceolate, or ovoid , dense; rachis disarticulating below each spikelet into segments. Spikelets 1 per node, sessile and fitting into rachis, cylindric or turgid , with 2-8 florets ; rachilla not jointed , shortly pilose . Glumes rounded abaxially, leathery or cartilaginous , many veined, not keeled , apex truncate or toothed ; teeth usually prolonged into longish awns . Lemma oblong or lanceolate, rounded abaxially, leathery-membranous to leathery, 5-7-veined, not keeled, apex usually 1-3-toothed or -awned; callus very short, obtuse . Palea equaling or subequaling lemma, ciliate along keels. Caryopsis free or adherent to lemma and palea, oblong-ovate, furrowed , apex hairy . x = 7.

About 21 species: mainly in the Mediterranean region, extending into N Africa and eastward to C Asia; one species in China.[2]

Physical Description

Habitat

Typically found at an altitude of 0 to 3,410 meters (0 to 11,188 feet).[3]

Biology

Reproduction

Duration: Annual

Taxonomy

Unambiguous Synonyms

1. Aegilopodes triuncialis /i> (L.) Á. Löve
2. Aegilops squarrosa L.
3. Triticum persicum (Boiss.) Aitch. & Hemsley
4. Triticum triunciale (L.) Raspail

Notes

Name Status: Accepted Name . Latest taxonomic scrutiny: 15-Mar-2000

Place of publication : Sp. pl. 2:1051. 1753, nom. cons.

Name verified on 20-Nov-1996 by ARS Systematic Botanists. Last updated: 29-May-2007

Similar Species

Members of the genus Aegilops

ZipcodeZoo has pages for 133 species, subspecies, varieties, forms, and cultivars in this genus. Here are just 100 of them:

A. agropyroides · A. algeriensis · A. ambigua · A. aromatica · A. aucheri · A. biaristata · A. bicornis (Goatgrass) · A. biuncalis · A. biuncialis · A. brachyathera · A. buschirica · A. calida · A. campicola · A. caudata · A. ciliaris · A. columnaris · A. comosa (Goatgrass) · A. connata · A. crassa (Persian Goat Grass) · A. crithodium · A. croatica · A. cylindrica (Jointed Goatgrass Aegilops Cylindrica) · A. cylindrica host (Jointed Goat Grass) · A. cylindrica var. aristulata · A. cylindrica var. kastorianum · A. cylindrica var. prokhanovii · A. dichasians · A. divaricata · A. echinata · A. echinus · A. elongata · A. erigens · A. erratica · A. exaltata · A. fausii · A. fluviatilis · A. fonsii · A. fragilis · A. geniculata (Ovate Goat Grass) · A. geniculata subsp. gibberosa · A. geniculata subsp. globulosa · A. geniculata var. africana · A. geniculata var. echinus · A. geniculata var. lanuginosa · A. geniculta · A. glabriglumis · A. helderichii · A. heldreichii · A. hybrid · A. hystrix · A. incurva · A. incurvata · A. intermedia · A. juvenalis · A. kotschyi · A. larenti · A. ligustica · A. littoralis · A. loliacea · A. longissima (Goatgrass) · A. longissima subsp. sharonensis · A. longissima var. mutica · A. lorentii (Lorent's Goatgrass) · A. lorentii subsp. archipelagica · A. lorentii var. velutina · A. macrochaeta · A. macrura · A. markgrafii · A. markgrafii var. polyathera · A. mesantha · A. microstachys · A. mixta · A. muricata · A. mutica · A. neglecta · A. neglecta subsp. contracta · A. neglecta subsp. recta · A. neglecta var. contorta · A. neglecta var. ochreata · A. nigricans · A. notarisii · A. ovata · A. ovata subsp. biuncialis · A. parvula · A. peregrina · A. peregrina subsp. cylindrostachys · A. peregrina var. brachyathera · A. persica · A. platyathera · A. procera · A. pubiglumis · A. recta · A. rectae · A. saccharina · A. searsii (Sears' Goatgrass) · A. sharonensis · A. sicula · A. speltaeformis · A. speltoides (Goatgrass) · A. speltoides var. ligustica f. ligustica

More Info

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Further Reading

• Allgemeine botanische Zeitschrift f�r Systematik, Floristik, Pflanzengeographie etc. Karlsruhe: J.J. Reiff, 1895-1928. GER url p. 12.
• An introduction to modern genetics, by C.H. Waddington New York, The Macmillan company, 1939. ENG url p. 323.
• Annalen des K.K. Naturhistorischen Hofmuseums. Wien: Alfred Hlder, 1886-1917. GER url p. 567.
• Annalen des Naturhistorischen Museums in Wien. Wien, Naturhistorisches Museum [etc.] GER url p. 567.
• Annali di botanica. Roma, Tipografia F. Failli [etc.] ITA url p. 128, p. 259.
• Atti del museo civico di storia naturale di Trieste. Trieste: Il Museo, 1884- ITA url p. 111, p. 116.
• Atti della Societtaliana di scienze naturali. Milano: 1860-1895. ITA url p. 479.
• Beitr�ge zur Kenntniss der Flora von S�dbosnien und der Hercegovina. Lund, Berlingska boktr., 1891. GER url p. 24.
• Botanisches Zentralblatt; referierendes Organ f�r das Gesamtgebiet der Botanik. Jena [etc.]G. Fischer [etc.] GER url p. 191, p. 243, p. 337, p. 399.
• Bulletin de gographie botanique. Le Mans: Au sige de la Socit, 1911-1919. FRE url p. 301.
• Bullettino. Florence. ITA url p. 354.
• CIBA-GEIGY, Basel, Switzerland. Documenta CIBA-GEIGY (Grass weeds 1. 1980, 2. 1981; Monocot weeds 3. 1982; Dicot weeds 1. 1988) (Weed CIBA)
• Caroli Linnaei Opera. Editio prima critica, plena, ad editiones veras exacta, textum nullo rei detrimento contractum locosque editionum discrepantes exhibens. Vol. 2., Systema vegetabilium; libros diagnostico-botanicos co Lipsiae, Sumptum fecit O. Wigand, 1840. LAT url p. 998, p. 998.
• Chinese Academy of Sciences. 1959–. Flora reipublicae popularis sinicae. (F China)
• Compendium florae Germaniae. scripserunt Math. Jos. Bluff et Carol. Ant. Fingerhuth. Norimbergae: J.L. Schrag, 1836-1837. LAT url p. 209.
• Das Pflanzenleben der Schweiz, von H. Christ. Z�rich, F. Schulhess, 1882. GER url p. 109, p. 457.
• Davis, P. H., ed. 1965–1988. Flora of Turkey and the east Aegean islands. (F Turk)
• Deutsche botanische Monatsschrift. [Sondershausen: Verlag der Redaktion, 1883-1912]. GER url p. 18.
• FNA Editorial Committee. 1993–. Flora of North America. (F NAmer)
• Flora Germanica / autore Henrico Adolpho Schrader. t. 1. Gottingae: Apud H. Dieterich, 1806. LAT url p. 409.
• Flora balearica, �tude phytog�ographique sur les �les Bal�ares, par Herman Knoche. [Montpellier, France, Imp. Roum�gous et D�han]1921-1923. FRE url p. 161.
• Flora italiana; ossia, Descrizione delle piante che crescono spontanee o vegetano come tali in Italia e nelle isole ad essa aggaicenti; disposta secondo il metodo naturale. Firenze, Tip. Le Monnier, 1848-1896. ITA url p. 512, p. 513.
• Flora oder Allgemeine botanische Zeitung. 12 1829 Jena: G. Fischer [etc.] GER url p. 31.
• Flora von Bosnien, der Herzegowina und des Sandzaks Novipazar. Wien, In Kommission bei C. Gerold, 1904. GER url p. 56.
• Flore de l'�le de Lesbos: plantes sauvages et cultiv�es / par C.A. Candargy. �ster-Z�rich: A. Diggelmann, 1889. FRE url p. 23.
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• Judd, W.S., Campbell, C.S., Kellog, E.A. and Donoghue, M.J. (2002): Plant Systematics: a phylogenetic approach, Sinauer, Sunderland, Mass.
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• Wheat Genetic Resources. 57–64.
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Notes

Contributors

• Bisby, F.A., Y.R. Roskov, M.A. Ruggiero, T.M. Orrell, L.E. Paglinawan, P.W. Brewer, N. Bailly, J. van Hertum, eds (2007). Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life: 2007 Annual Checklist. Species 2000: Reading, U.K.
• Brands, S.J. (comp.) 1989-2006. Systema Naturae 2000. The Taxonomicon. Universal Taxonomic Services, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. Accessed October 30, 2006.
• Global Biodiversity Information Facility. Accessed December 16, 2007. http://www.gbif.org Mediated distribution data from 2 providers.
• USDA, ARS, National Genetic Resources Program. Germplasm Resources Information Network - (GRIN) [Online Database]. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland. URL (April 25, 2008)

Data Sources

Accessed through GBIF Data Portal November 15, 2007:

• Berkeley Natural History Museums, University and Jepson Herbaria DiGIR provider
• Botanic Garden and Botanical Museum Berlin-Dahlem, Herbarium Willing
• Bundesamt für Naturschutz / Zentralstelle für Phytodiversität Deutschland, Bundesamt fuer Naturschutz / Zentralstelle fuer Phytodiversitaet Deutschland
• Conservatoire botanique national du Bassin parisien, Conservatoire botanique national du Bassin parisien
• European Environment Agency, EUNIS
• GBIF-Spain, Dirección General de Investigación, Desarrollo Tecnológico e Innovación de la Junta de Extremadura(DGIDTI): HSS
• GBIF-Spain, Herbario Universidad de Málaga: MGC-Cormófitos
• GBIF-Spain, Hortus Botanicus Sollerensis Herbarium
• GBIF-Spain, Institut Botanic de Barcelona, BC
• GBIF-Spain, Real Jardin Botanico
• , Vascular Plant Herbarium
• GBIF-Spain, Universidad de Almería, HUAL
• GBIF-Spain, Universidad de Extremadura, UNEX
• GBIF-Spain, Universidad de Oviedo. Departamento de Biología de Organismos y Sistemas: FCO
• International Plant Genetic Resources Institute(IPGRI), EURISCO
• International Plant Genetic Resources Institute(IPGRI), The System-wide Information Network for Genetic Resources
• Israel Nature and Parks Authority, Israel Nature and Parks Authority
• Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research
• , IPK Genebank
• Natural History Museum, Vienna - Herbarium W, Herbarium W
• Oregon State University, Vascular Plant Collection
• SysTax, Herbarium Universitat Ulm
• The Swedish Museum of Natural History
• , Lund Botanical Museum
• US National Plant Germplasm System, United States National Plant Germplasm System Collection
• USDA PLANTS, USDA PLANTS Database
• University of Vienna, Institute for Botany - Herbarium WU, Herbarium WU

Identifiers

• Biodiversity Heritage Library NamebankID: 2663588
• Catalogue of Life Accepted Name Code: ITS-182540
• Global Biodiversity Information Facility Taxonkey: 13729371
• Globally Unique Identifier: urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:384658-1
• GRIN Nomen Number: 1552
• Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS) Taxonomic Serial Number (TSN): 182540
• International Plant Names Index (IPNI) ID: 384658-1
• Natural Heritage Network Species Identifier: PMPOA01040
• U.S.D.A. Plant Symbol: TRTR5
• Zipcode Zoo Species Identifier: 19742

Footnotes

1. Shou-liang Chen, De-Zhu Li, Guanghua Zhu, Zhenlan Wu, Sheng-lian Lu, Liang Liu, Zheng-ping Wang, Bi-xing Sun, Zheng-de Zhu, Nianhe Xia, Liang-zhi Jia, Zhenhua Guo, Wenli Chen, Xiang Chen, Yang Guangyao, Sylvia M. Phillips, Chris Stapleton, Robert J. Soreng, Susan G. Aiken, Nikolai N. Tzvelev, Paul M. Peterson, Stephen A. Renvoize, Marina V. Olonova & Klaus Ammann "Poaceae". in Flora of China Vol. 22. Published by Science Press (Beijing) and Missouri Botanical Garden Press. Online at EFloras.org. [back]
2. "Aegilops". in Flora of China Vol. 22 Page 387, 444. Published by Science Press (Beijing) and Missouri Botanical Garden Press. Online at EFloras.org. [back]
3. Mean = 724.890 meters (2,378.248 feet), Standard Deviation = 782.720 based on 708 observations. Altitude information for each observation from British Oceanographic Data Centre. [back]

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