Overview
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Threatened |
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Description
Family Ulmaceae
Trees
or shrubs
, evergreen
or deciduous. Winter buds
with scales
, rarely naked; axillary buds developed; terminal
bud usually dying back early. Stipules usually membranous, caducous
. Leaves simple
, alternate or rarely opposite, usually distichous, petiolate
; leaf blade
pinnately veined, basally 3(or 5) -veined, margin
entire or serrate. Inflorescences axillary
. Flowers monochlamydeous
, bisexual
, or rarely unisexual
or polygamous. Perianth lobes
4-9, imbricate or rarely valvate
, persistent
or caducous. Stamens usually equal in number to and opposite perianth lobes, opposite, basally adnate
to tepals; filaments
distinct
; anthers
2-celled, longitudinally fissured
. Pistil 2-carpellate; ovary superior, 1(or 2) -loculed; ovule 1, suspended, anatropous
; integuments 2. Style very short; stigmas 2, linear
. Fruit samara, drupes, or winged
nutlets
, apically usually with persistent stigmas. Endosperm scanty or absent; embryo erect
, curved
, or involute
; cotyledons flat, curved, or flexed. Seedling epigeous.
About 16 genera and ca.
230 species: widespread in temperate
and tropical
areas; eight genera (one endemic) and 46 species (23 endemic) in China.
Recent research strongly suggests that the subfamily
Celtidoideae (Aphananthe, Celtis, Gironniera, Pteroceltis, and Trema) is not the closest relative of the subfamily Ulmoideae (Hemiptelea, Ulmus, and Zelkova) . It would probably be more accurate to exclude Celtidoideae from Ulmaceae, and move it to Cannabaceae, rather than treating it as a separate family
, Celtidaceae. More data are needed before a stable, new classification of the Urticales can be produced
. Until these data are available, it is more practical to retain the traditional circumscription of Ulmaceae.
Most species of this family yield fine timber, the cortex is a good substitute for hemp
, the fruit are edible, and the seed oil
is used medicinally and industrially. Many species of Ulmaceae are cultivated, and it is not always certain whether specimens are from wild or cultivated plants
.[1]
Habitat
Ecology:
List of Habitats
:1.6Forest - Subtropical/Tropical Moist Lowland
1.9Forest - Subtropical/Tropical Moist Montane
Taxonomy
- Domain:
Eukaryota
(
)
- Whittaker & Margulis,1978
- eukaryotes
- Kingdom:
Plantae
()
- Haeckel, 1866
- Plants
- Subkingdom:
Viridaeplantae
()
- Cavalier-Smith, 1981
- Phylum:
Tracheophyta
()
- Sinnott, 1935 Ex Cavalier-Smith, 1998
- Vascular Plants
- Subphylum:
Euphyllophytina
()
- Infraphylum:
Radiatopses
()
- Kenrick & Crane, 1997
- Class:
Magnoliopsida
()
- Brongniart, 1843
- Dicotyledons
- Subclass:
Dilleniidae
()
- Takhtajan, 1967
- Superorder:
Urticanae
()
- Takhtajan Ex Reveal, 1992
- Order:
Urticales
()
- Dumortier, 1829
- Family:
Ulmaceae
()
- Mirbel, 1815
- Elm Family
- Genus:
Ampelocera
()
- Specific epithet:
longissima
- Todzia
- Botanical name: - Ampelocera longissima Todzia
- Specific epithet:
longissima
- Todzia
- Genus:
Ampelocera
(
- Family:
Ulmaceae
(
- Order:
Urticales
(
- Superorder:
Urticanae
(
- Subclass:
Dilleniidae
(
- Class:
Magnoliopsida
(
- Infraphylum:
Radiatopses
(
- Subphylum:
Euphyllophytina
(
- Phylum:
Tracheophyta
(
- Subkingdom:
Viridaeplantae
(
- Kingdom:
Plantae
(
Notes
Publishing author : Todzia Publication : Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 76(4): 1096 (1989) 1989
Similar Species
Members of the genus Ampelocera
ZipcodeZoo has pages for 14 species, subspecies, varieties, forms, and cultivars in this genus:
A. albertiae · A. crenulata · A. cubensis · A. edentula · A. glabra · A. hondurensis · A. hottlei · A. latifolia · A. longissima · A. macphersonii · A. macrocarpa · A. pubescens · A. ruizii · A. verrucosa
More Info
- Search for Pictures: images.google.com
- Search for Scholarly Articles: Google Scholar
- Search using Scientific Name and Vernacular Names: All the Web | AltaVista Canada | AltaVista | Excite | Google | HotBot | Lycos
- Search using Specialized Databases: GenBank | Medline | Scirus | CISTI/CAL | Agricola Periodicals | Agricola Books
Further Reading
- Fu Likuo, Chen Chiajui & Tang Yancheng. 1998. Ulmaceae. In: Chun Woonyong & Huang Chengchiu, eds., Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. 22: 334, 413.
Notes
Contributors
- Global Biodiversity Information Facility. Accessed November 16, 2007. http://www.gbif.org Mediated distribution data from 2 providers.
- León-Yánez, S. & Pitman, N. 2004. In IUCN 2008. 2008 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. IUCNRedList.org. Downloaded July 19, 2008.
Data Sources
Accessed through GBIF Data Portal November 16, 2007:
- Missouri Botanical Garden, Missouri Botanical Garden
Identifiers
- Biodiversity Heritage Library NamebankID: 5989686
- Global Biodiversity Information Facility Taxonkey: 15886399
- Globally Unique Identifier: urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:938399-1
- International Plant Names Index (IPNI) ID: 272080-2
- IUCN ID: 46240
- Zipcode Zoo Species Identifier: 1029193
Footnotes
- Liguo Fu, Yiqun Xin & Alan Whittemore "Ulmaceae". in Flora of China Vol. 5 Page 1. Published by Science Press (Beijing) and Missouri Botanical Garden Press. Online at EFloras.org. [back]
