Interesting Facts
Common Names
Click on the language to view common names.
Common Names in English:
Black Calabash, Black-Calabash, Chaff-Bush
Common Names in unspecified:
Black Calabash
Description
Family Bignoniaceae
Trees
, shrubs
, or vines
, climbers
rarely herbs. Leaves opposite, alternate, or whorled
, simple
or pinnately compound
, rarely palmately compound
, without stipules, climbers usually with tendrils
modified sometimes into hooks or suckers
. Inflorescences cymose
, paniculate
, or racemose, terminal
or axillary
, rarely flowers borne on old stems; bracts and bractlets
present, sometimes deciduous. Flowers bisexual
, zygomorphic, usually large. Calyx campanulate
or tubular
, truncate
, 2-5-dentate, or glandular
subulate-dentate. Corolla campanulate or funnelform
, usually bilabiate; lobes
5, imbricate or valvate
. Fertile
stamens 4 (didynamous
) and staminode 1, or 2 and staminodes 3, rarely all 5 stamens fertile. Disc fleshy
. Ovary superior, 2-locular, rarely 1- or 4-locular; placentation axile
or parietal
; ovules numerous
. Style filiform
; stigma 2-lobed. Capsule dehiscing loculicidally or septicidally, rarely fruit fleshy and indehiscent. Seeds numerous, usually winged
or with tufts of hairs
at both ends; endosperm absent.
About 116-120 genera and 650-750 species: mostly in tropical
and subtropical
regions; 12 genera and 35 species (21 endemic) in China.
Plants
of the Bignoniaceae usually produce
large flowers, and many species are widely cultivated in China as ornamentals
. These include Arrabidaea magnifica Sprague ex
Steenis, Campsis radicans (Linnaeus) Seemann, Catalpa speciosa (Warder ex Barney) Engelmann, Clytostoma callistegioides (Chamisso) Bureau & Schumann, Crescentia alata Kunth, C.
cujete Linnaeus, Jacaranda cuspidifolia Martius, J. mimosifolia D. Don, Kigelia africana (Lamarck) Bentham, Macfadyena unguis-cati (Linnaeus) A. H. Gentry, Pandorea jasminoides (Linnaeus) Schumann, Parmetiera cerifera Seemann, Podranea ricasoliana (Tanfani) Sprague, Pyrostegia venusta (Ker-Gawler) Miers, Spathodea campanulata Beauvois, Stenolobium stans (Linnaeus) Seemann, Tabebuia chrysantha (Jacquin) G. Nicholson, T. rosea (Bertoloni) de Candolle, and Tecomaria capensis (Thunberg) Spach.[1]
Physical Description
Habit: Tree
Flowers: Flower Color: purple
Size/Age/Growth
Size: 15-20' tall.
Biology
Reproduction
Duration: Perennial
Growth
Culture: Space 10-12' apart.
Sunlight: Sun Exposure: Sun to Partial Shade.
Moisture: Drought Tolerance: High
Temperature: Cold Hardiness: 10b, 11. (map)
Taxonomy
- Domain:
Eukaryota
(
)
- Whittaker & Margulis,1978
- eukaryotes
- Kingdom:
Plantae
(
)
- Haeckel, 1866
- Plants
- Subkingdom:
Viridaeplantae
(
)
- Cavalier-Smith, 1981
- Phylum:
Tracheophyta
(
)
- Sinnott, 1935 ex Cavalier-Smith, 1998
- Vascular Plants
- Subphylum:
Euphyllophytina
(
)
- Infraphylum:
Radiatopses
(
)
- Kenrick & Crane, 1997
- Class:
Spermatopsida
(
)
- Brongniart, 1843
- Subclass:
Asteridae
(
)
- Takhtajan, 1967
- Superorder:
Lamianae
(
)
- Takhtajan, 1967
- Order:
Lamiales
(
)
- Bromhead, 1838
- Family:
Bignoniaceae
(
)
- A.L. de Jussieu, 1789, nom. cons.
- bignonias
- Genus:
Amphitecna
(
)
- Miers, 1868
- Specific epithet:
latifolia
- (Mill.) A.H.Gentry
- Botanical name: - Amphitecna latifolia (Mill.) A.H.Gentry
- Specific epithet:
latifolia
- (Mill.) A.H.Gentry
- Genus:
Amphitecna
(
- Family:
Bignoniaceae
(
- Order:
Lamiales
(
- Superorder:
Lamianae
(
- Subclass:
Asteridae
(
- Class:
Spermatopsida
(
- Infraphylum:
Radiatopses
(
- Subphylum:
Euphyllophytina
(
- Phylum:
Tracheophyta
(
- Subkingdom:
Viridaeplantae
(
- Kingdom:
Plantae
(
Synonyms
Crescentia latifolia Mill. • Enallagma latifolia (P. Mill.) Small
Notes
Publishing author
: A.H.Gentry Publication
: Taxon
25(1): 108 (1976)
Basionym
author: (Mill
.)
Name
Status: Accepted Name
.
Last scrutiny: 15-Mar-2000
Similar Species
Members of the genus Amphitecna
ZipcodeZoo has pages for 2 species, subspecies, varieties, forms, and cultivars in this genus:
A. latifolia (Black Calabash) · A. sessilifolius (Calabacero)
More Info
- Search for Pictures: images.google.com
- Search for Scholarly Articles: Google Scholar
- Search using Scientific Name and Vernacular Names: All the Web | AltaVista Canada | AltaVista | Excite | Google | HotBot | Lycos
- Search using Specialized Databases: GenBank | Medline | Scirus | CISTI/CAL | Agricola Periodicals | Agricola Books
Further Reading
- Flora costaricensis / William Burger, editor. 41 2000 Chicago, Ill.: Field Museum of Natural History, c2000. url p. 103, p. 105, p. 161, p. 170.
- Tao Deding & Yin Wenqing. 1990. Bignoniaceae. In: Wang Wentsai, ed., Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. 69: 1-62.
Notes
Contributors
- Global Biodiversity Information Facility. Accessed February 03, 2008. http://www.gbif.org Mediated distribution data from 14 providers.
- Ruggiero M., Gordon D., Bailly N., Kirk P., Nicolson D. (2011). The Catalogue of Life Taxonomic Classification, Edition 2, Part A. In: Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life: 2011 Annual Checklist (Bisby F.A., Roskov Y.R., Orrell T.M., Nicolson D., Paglinawan L.E., Bailly N., Kirk P.M., Bourgoin T., Baillargeon G., Ouvrard D., eds). DVD; Species 2000: Reading, UK.
- The International Plant Names Index. Accessed Dec 27, 2011.
- USDA, ARS, National Genetic Resources Program. Germplasm Resources Information Network - (GRIN) [Online Database]. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland. URL (April 25, 2008)
Data Sources
Accessed through GBIF Data Portal February 03, 2008:
- Biologiezentrum der Oberoesterreichischen Landesmuseen, Biologiezentrum Linz
- Botanical Research Institute of Texas, Andes to Amazon Biodiversity Program
- Comisión nacional para el conocimiento y uso de la biodiversidad, Herbario del Instituto de Ecología, A.C., México
- Instituto Nacional de Biodiversidad
- , Biodiversidad de Costa Rica
- Missouri Botanical Garden, Missouri Botanical Garden
- USDA PLANTS, USDA PLANTS Database
Identifiers
- Biodiversity Heritage Library NamebankID: 2656429
- Catalogue of Life Accepted Name Code: ITS-34311
- GRIN Nomen Number: 105178
- Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS) Taxonomic Serial Number (TSN): 34311
- International Plant Names Index (IPNI) ID: 108218-1
- Natural Heritage Network Species Identifier: PDBIG02010
- U.S.D.A. Plant Symbol: AMLA4
- Zipcode Zoo Species Identifier: 16976
Footnotes
- Zhi-Yun Zhang & Thawatchai Santisuk "Bignoniaceae". in Flora of China Vol. 18 Page 213. Published by Science Press (Beijing) and Missouri Botanical Garden Press. Online at EFloras.org. [back]
