Anchusa arvensis

• Common Names
• Description
• Biology
• Taxonomy
• Similar Species
• More Info
• Further Reading
• Notes

Common Names

Click on the language to view common names.

Description

Family Boraginaceae

Herbs perennial , biennial, or annual , less often lianas, shrubs , or trees , usually bristly or scabrous-pubescent. Leaves simple , exstipulate , alternate, rarely opposite, entire or serrate at margin . Inflorescences often double scorpioid cymes, rarely solitary; bracts present or absent. Flowers bisexual , actinomorphic , rarely zygomorphic. Calyx usually 5-parted or lobed , mostly persistent . Corolla tubular , campanulate , rotate, funnelform , or salverform ; tube appendages 5, rarely more, mostly trapeziform, rarely absent, sometimes a ring of hairs present; limb usually 5-parted; lobes overlapping, rarely twisted in bud. Stamens 5, inserted on corolla tube or rarely at throat , included or rarely exserted; anthers introrse , 2-loculed, usually dorsifixed at base , less often medifixed , dehiscence longitudinal . Nectaries at base of corolla tube or on disc below ovary. Ovary superior, 2-carpellate; locules 2 and each with 2 ovules, or 4 and each with 1 ovule; ovules nearly atropous , semianatropous, or anatropous . Style terminal or gynobasic , branched or not. Gynobase flat, fastigiate , or subulate . Fruit 1-4-seeded drupes or nutlets (mericarps) ; nutlets mostly dry, often ornamented with wings, prickles and/or glochids (stiff bristles with barbed or anchorlike tips ) . Seeds vertical or oblique , coat membranous; embryo straight, less often curved ; cotyledons flat, fleshy .

About 156 genera and 2500 species: temperate and tropical regions , centered in the Mediterranean region; 47 genera and 294 species in China, of which four genera and 156 species are endemic.[1]

Genus Anchusa

Herbs annual or perennial , sparsely strigose or hispid , rarely soft appressed pubescent . Stems erect or spreading . Leaves alternate. Cymes terminal , widely spaced in fruit, scorpioid; bracts lanceolate. Calyx 5-parted nearly to base or less; lobes equal or unequal, linear to triangular, often slightly enlarged in fruit. Corolla blue-purple or yellowish, regular or slightly zygomorphic; tube usually longer than calyx, straight or arcuate or geniculate curved ; throat appendages scaly or tuberculate and short pubescent; limb campanulate ; lobes 5, equal or unequal, apex obtuse . Stamens inserted at or below middle of corolla tube, included ; filaments short, filiform ; anthers ovate-oblong, apex obtuse. Ovary 4-divided. Style included in corolla tube; stigma capitate, 2-cleft. Gynobase flat. Nutlets straight, reniform , or oblique-ovoid, reticulate-wrinkled; attachment scar at or near base, margin ringlike, thickened, hardened.

About 50 species: N Africa, C and W Asia, Europe; one species in China.[2]

Physical Description

Biology

Reproduction

Duration: Annual

Growth

Culture: Space 3-6" apart.

Soil: Minimum pH: 5.6 • Maximum pH: 7.5

Sunlight: Sun Exposure: Full Sun .

Temperature: Cold Hardiness: Not Applicable (map)

Taxonomy

Unambiguous Synonyms

1. Aira atropurpurea Wahlenb.
2. Deschampsia atropurpurea var. latifolia (Hook.) Scribn. Ex Macoun
3. Deschampsia atropurpurea var. paramushirensis Kudo
4. Deschampsia atropurpurea var. payettii Lepage
5. Deschampsia atropurpurea (Wahlenb.) Scheele
6. Deschampsia pacifica Tatew. & Ohwi
7. Vahlodea atropurpurea latifolia (Hook.) Porsild
8. Vahlodea atropurpurea paramushirensis (Kudo) Hult�n
9. Vahlodea flexuosa (Honda) Ohwi
10. Vahlodea latifolia (Hook.) Hult�n

Notes

Name Status: Accepted Name . Latest taxonomic scrutiny: 15-Mar-2000

Place of publication : Fl. taur.-caucas. 1:123. 1808

Name verified on 08-Feb-2000 by ARS Systematic Botanists.

Similar Species

Members of the genus Anchusa

ZipcodeZoo has pages for 187 species, subspecies, varieties, forms, and cultivars in this genus. Here are just 100 of them:

A. acaulis · A. adami · A. aegptiaca · A. aegyptiaca · A. affinis · A. africana · A. agardhii · A. aggregata · A. altissima · A. amoena · A. amplexicaulis · A. angustifolia · A. angustissima · A. annua · A. arvalis · A. arvensis (Annual Bugloss Anchusa Arvensis) · A. arvensis orientalis · A. aspera · A. asperrima · A. atlantica · A. atlantica caerulescens · A. aucheri · A. azurea (Summer Forget-Me-Not) · A. azurea 'Blue Heaven' · A. azurea 'Dropmore' (Summer Forget-Me-Not) · A. azurea 'Feltham Pride' (Summer Forget-Me-Not) · A. azurea 'Italian Pride' · A. azurea 'Kingfisher Blue' · A. azurea 'Little John' · A. azurea 'Loddon Royalist' (Summer Forget-Me-Not) · A. azurea 'Morning Glory' · A. azurea 'Opal' · A. azurea 'Royal Blue' · A. barrelieri (Barrelier's Bugloss) · A. barrelieri longisepala · A. baumgarteni · A. biceps · A. bracteolata · A. caespitosa · A. calcarea · A. canescens · A. capellii · A. capensis (Summer Forget-Me-Not) · A. capensis 'Blue Angel' (Summer Forget-Me-Not) · A. capensis 'Blue Bird' · A. cesatiana · A. cespitosa · A. ciliata · A. clavata · A. coronensis · A. cretica · A. crispa · A. crispata · A. crispa subsp. maritima · A. cruciata · A. davidovii · A. deflexa · A. depressa · A. dregei · A. dubia · A. echioides · A. flava · A. foliosa · A. formosa · A. gmelini · A. gmelinii · A. granatensis · A. hirta · A. hispida · A. hispidissima · A. humilis · A. hyalotricha · A. hybrida · A. incana · A. incarnata · A. intermedia · A. iranica · A. italica · A. kunthii · A. lanata · A. lanceolata · A. lateriflora · A. laxiflora · A. leiosperma · A. leptophylla · A. leptophylla 'Blue Shower' · A. leptophylla incana · A. leptophylla 'Sapphire Blue' · A. leptophylla subsp. incana · A. leucantha · A. limbata · A. linearifolia · A. linifolia · A. littorea · A. 'Loddon Gold' · A. longifolia · A. lucida · A. luschani · A. lutea · A. lycopsidis

More Info

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Further Reading

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Notes

Contributors

• Bisby, F.A., Y.R. Roskov, M.A. Ruggiero, T.M. Orrell, L.E. Paglinawan, P.W. Brewer, N. Bailly, J. van Hertum, eds (2007). Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life: 2007 Annual Checklist. Species 2000: Reading, U.K.
• Global Biodiversity Information Facility. Accessed November 28, 2007. http://www.gbif.org Mediated distribution data from 2 providers.
• USDA, ARS, National Genetic Resources Program. Germplasm Resources Information Network - (GRIN) [Online Database]. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland. URL (April 25, 2008)

Data Sources

Accessed through GBIF Data Portal November 17, 2007:

• Botanic Garden and Botanical Museum Berlin-Dahlem, GEO Biodiversity Day
• Botanic Garden and Botanical Museum Berlin-Dahlem, Herbarium Willing
• Conservatoire botanique national du Bassin parisien, Conservatoire botanique national du Bassin parisien
• Jyväskylä University Museum - The Section of Natural Sciences, Vascular plant collection of Jyvaskyla University Museum
• Natural History Museum, University of Oslo, Vascular Plant Herbarium, Oslo
• Oregon State University, Vascular Plant Collection
• The Swedish Museum of Natural History
• , Botany
• The Swedish Museum of Natural History
• , Herbarium of Oskarshamn
• The Swedish Museum of Natural History
• , Plants
• UK National Biodiversity Network, Botanical Society of the British Isles - Vascular Plants Database
• UK National Biodiversity Network, Environment and Heritage Service - EHS Species Datasets
• UK National Biodiversity Network, Scottish Borders Biological Records Centre - SWT Scottish Borders Local Wildlife Site Survey data 1996-2000 - species information
• USDA PLANTS, USDA PLANTS Database
• University of Washington Burke Museum, Vascular Plant Collection - University of Washington Herbarium

Identifiers

• Biodiversity Heritage Library NamebankID: 2663401
• Catalogue of Life Accepted Name Code: ITS-182243
• Global Biodiversity Information Facility Taxonkey: 13753245
• Globally Unique Identifier: urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:113197-1
• GRIN Nomen Number: 416237
• Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS) Taxonomic Serial Number (TSN): 182243
• International Plant Names Index (IPNI) ID: 113196-1
• Natural Heritage Network Species Identifier: PDBOR02010
• U.S.D.A. Plant Symbol: ANAR16
• Zipcode Zoo Species Identifier: 19358

Footnotes

1. Gelin Zhu, Harald Riedl & Rudolf V. Kamelin "Boraginaceae". in Flora of China Vol. 16 Page 329. Published by Science Press (Beijing) and Missouri Botanical Garden Press. Online at EFloras.org. [back]
2. "Anchusa". in Flora of China Vol. 16 Page 358. Published by Science Press (Beijing) and Missouri Botanical Garden Press. Online at EFloras.org. [back]

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