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Anemia wrightii

(Wright's Flowering Fern)

Overview

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Threatened
Threat status

Common Names

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Common Names in English:

Parsley Fern, Wright's Flowering Fern, Wrights Pineland Fern, Wrights Flowering Fern

Description

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Family Anemiaceae

Plants terrestrial or on rock. Stems compact or short-creeping, horizontal, solenostelic (having phloem on both sides of xylem) or dictyostelic (having complex nets of xylem), clothed with orange to reddish brown hairs . Leaves erect [rarely forming a flat rosette], partially to entirely dimorphic . Sporangia in 2 rows on ultimate segments of fertile pinnae, sessile, oblong ; annulus apical. Spores tetrahedral-globose, with parallel or rarely anastomosing ridges . Gametophytes terrestrial, green, cordate with unequal lobes .

Genera 2, species 119 (1 genus, 3 species in the flora ) : widespread in tropical and subtropical regions.[1]

Genus Anemia

Stems short-creeping, horizontal, clothed with dark hairs . Leaves partially dimorphic with sporangia restricted to erect , dissected , most proximal pair of pinnae arising from petiole just below sterile part of blade or leaves fully dimorphic and blade tissue lacking on fertile leaves. Blade 1--3-pinnate, papery to leathery. Veins free [anastomosing]. x = 38.

Species 117: tropical and subtropical regions, North America, Mexico, West Indies, Central America, South America, 1 in Asia in s India, 10 in Africa.

Anemias are most abundant in Brazil (ca. 70 spp. ) and have a secondary center of diversity in Mexico (20 spp.). They are limited in the flora to peninsular Florida and the Edwards Plateau , Texas. All 3 species belong to the calciphilic subgenus Anemiorrhiza.[2]

Physical Description

Species Anemia wrightii

Stems ca. 1 mm diam. Leaves entirely dimorphic . Sterile leaves 4--10 × 1.4--2.5 cm. Petiole green to straw-colored, 1/2--3/4 length of leaf, ca. 0.3 mm wide, glabrous . Blade deltate, 2-pinnate, papery to somewhat leathery. Pinnae 2--4 pairs, alternate to subopposite, segments oblanceolate , base cuneate, margins minutely denticulate , apex obtuse , sparsely pilose with stiff white hairs . Fertile leaves 6--25 cm, much taller than sterile leaves. Petiole 3/4--9/10 length of leaf. Pinnae compact, short-petiolulate, 1--6 mm. Spores with ridges anastomosing. [source]

Anemia wrightii has been misidentified in Florida as A. cicutaria Kunze ex Sprengel (of Mexico in Yucatan; West Indies in the Bahamas, Cuba; and Central America in Guatemala), but that species has 3-pinnate sterile blades, abundant blade hairs, and fertile leaves that are more open with 4--5 pairs of long-petiolulate pinnae. [source]

Habit: Forb/herb

Flowers: Bloom Period: n/a • Flower Color: inconspicuous, none

Habitat

Rare around exposed to lightly shaded solution holes and limestone sinks; 0 m [3].

Biome: Disturbed areas, natural forest , range/grasslands, scrub/shrublands, wetlands

Biology

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Reproduction

Duration: Perennial

Growth

Soil: Minimum pH: 6.6 • Maximum pH: 8.5

Sunlight: Sun Exposure: Light Shade.

Temperature: Cold Hardiness: 10b. (map)

Taxonomy

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Unambiguous Synonyms

  1. Ornithopteris wrightii (Baker) Millsp.


Notes

Name Status: Accepted Name . Latest taxonomic scrutiny: 15-Mar-2000

Similar Species

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Members of the genus Anemia

ZipcodeZoo has pages for 217 species, subspecies, varieties, forms, and cultivars in this genus. Here are just 100 of them:

A. abbottii · A. abscissa · A. adantifolia · A. adiantefolia · A. adiantifolia (Pineland Fern) · A. adiantifolia var. carvifolia · A. adiantifolia var. pumila · A. adiantifolia var. subaurita · A. aethiopica · A. affinia · A. affinis · A. ahenobarba · A. alfredi · A. alfredi-rohrii · A. alfredi - rohrii · A. alternifolia · A. angolensis · A. anthriscifolia · A. antrorsa · A. aspera · A. asplenifolia · A. aurita · A. australis · A. ayachuchensis · A. ayacuchensis · A. barbatula · A. bartlettii · A. bipinnata · A. blackii · A. blechnoides · A. brandegeea · A. breuteliana · A. brevicollis · A. buniifolia · A. californica · A. candidoi · A. carvifolia · A. caudata · A. cheilanthoides · A. cicutaria (Hemlock Fern) · A. ciliata · A. cipoensis · A. clinata · A. colimensis · A. collina · A. cordifolia · A. coriacea · A. cornea · A. costata · A. cuneata · A. damazii · A. dardanoi · A. deltoidea · A. densa · A. dentata · A. dentipes · A. dicksoniana · A. dimorphostachys · A. dissecta · A. distans · A. donnell-smithii · A. dregeana · A. duartei · A. elaphoglossoides · A. elegans · A. elongata · A. eximia · A. familiaris · A. ferruginea · A. ferruginea var. anthriscifolia · A. ferruginea var. ferruginea · A. filiformis · A. flexuosa · A. fraxinifolia · A. fremonti · A. fulva · A. gardneri · A. gardneriana · A. glareosa · A. glomerata · A. gomesii · A. gracilis · A. grossilobata · A. guatemalensis · A. haenkei · A. hatschbachii · A. helveola · A. herzogii · A. heterodoxa · A. hirsuta (Hairy Flowering Fern) · A. hirsuta var. humboldtiana · A. hirta (Streambank Flowering Fern) · A. hispida · A. humilis · A. imbricata · A. incisa · A. intermedia · A. jaliscana · A. karwinskyana · A. laciniata

More Info

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Further Reading

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Notes

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Contributors

Data Sources

Accessed through GBIF Data Portal November 18, 2007:

Identifiers

Footnotes

  1. John T. Mickel "Anemiaceae". in Flora of North America Vol. 2. Oxford University Press. Online at EFloras.org. [back]
  2. John T. Mickel "Anemia". in Flora of North America Vol. 2. Oxford University Press. Online at EFloras.org. [back]
  3. "Anemia wrightii". in Flora of North America Vol. 2. Oxford University Press. Online at EFloras.org. [back]
Last Revised: 2009-09-16