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Bischofia javanica

(Bischofia)

Overview

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Interesting Facts

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Common Names

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Click on the language to view common names.

Common Names in English:

Bischofia, Bishopwood, Java Bishop-Wood, Java-Cedar, Javanese Bishopweed, Javanese Bishopwood, Javawood, Koka, Tongotongo, Toog, Toog Tree

Common Names in Hindi:

Paniala, पिनयाला

Common Names in Informal Latinized N:

Bischofia

Common Names in Thai:

เติม

Common Names in Vietnamese:

Nhô Tía

Description

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Physical Description

Species Bischofia javanica

Trees to 40 m tall, to 2.3 m d.b.h., evergreen ; stem straight, branching lower; bark gray-brown to brown, ca. 1 cm thick, with red latex; branchlets glabrous . Leaves palmately 3(-5) -foliolate; stipules membranous, lanceolate, ca. 8 mm, caducous ; petiole 8-20 cm; terminal petiolule 2-5 cm, lateral petiolules 5-20 mm; leaflet blades ovate , elliptic , obovate , or elliptic-ovate, 7-15 × 4-8 cm, papery , sparsely pubescent only on nerves , glabrescent , base broadly cuneate to obtuse , margins with 2 or 3 teeth per cm, apex acute or caudate-acuminate. Plants dioecious. Inflorescence axillary , paniculate ; male peduncle 8-13 cm, puberulent to glabrous, female peduncle 15-27 cm, pendent. Male flowers to 2.5 mm in diam.; sepals membranous, semiorbicular, adaxially concave , ladle-shaped, abaxially puberulent outside; filaments short; pistillode small, peltate, pubescent. Female flowers: sepals similar to male but oblong-ovate, margins membranous; ovary smooth , glabrous, 3- or 4-locular; styles 3 or 4, linear , entire. Fruits globose or subglobose, 6-13 mm in diam., brownish. Seeds oblong , ca. 5 mm. Fl. Apr-May, fr. Aug-Oct. [source]

Habit: Tree

Flowers: Bloom Period: March. • Flower Color: green

Size/Age/Growth

Size: over 40' tall.

Habitat

Evergreen forests , open valley woodlands, widely planted on stream banks, cultivated in gardens and along avenues; below 800 m (Ref. 52322).

Typically found in water with a depth of 0 to -4,530 meters (0 to -14,862 feet).[1]

Biome: Marine .

Biology

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Reproduction

Duration: Perennial

Growth

Soil: Minimum pH: 5.6 • Maximum pH: 7.5

Sunlight: Sun Exposure: Full Sun .

Temperature: Cold Hardiness: 9a, 9b, 10a, 10b, 11. (map)

Taxonomy

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Synonyms

Andrachne trifoliata Roxburgh • B. leptopoda Müller Argoviensis • B. oblongifolia Decaisne; B. Roeperiana Decaisne • B. toui Decaisne; B. trifoliata (Roxburgh) Hooker • Bischofia cumingiana Decaisne • Microelus roeperianus (Decaisne) Wight & Arnott • Stylodiscus trifoliatus (Roxburgh) Bennett.

Notes

Name Status: Accepted Name .

Last scrutiny: 11-Nov-2003

Similar Species

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Members of the genus Bischofia

ZipcodeZoo has pages for 1 species, subspecies, varieties, forms, and cultivars in this genus:

B. javanica (Bischofia)

More Info

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Further Reading

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Notes

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Contributors

Data Sources

Accessed through GBIF Data Portal November 14, 2007:

Identifiers

Footnotes

  1. Mean = -387.420 meters (-1,271.063 feet), Standard Deviation = 1,208.060 based on 280 observations. Ocean depth information for each observation from British Oceanographic Data Centre. [back]
Last Revised: 7/15/2012