Cabomba caroliana
(No common name)Taxonomy
- Domain: Eukaryota
Whittaker & Margulis,1978 - eukaryotes
- Kingdom: Plantae
Haeckel, 1866 - Plants
- Subkingdom: Viridaeplantae
Cavalier-Smith, 1981 - Green Plants
- Phylum: Tracheophyta
Sinnott, 1935 ex Cavalier-Smith, 1998 - Vascular Plants
- Subphylum: Spermatophytina
(auct.) Cavalier-Smith, 1998 - Seed Plants
- Infraphylum: Angiospermae
auct.
- Class: Magnoliopsida
Brongniart, 1843 - Dicotyledons
- Subclass: Nymphaeidae
(Horan., 1834) J.W. Walker ex Takhtajan, 1997
- Superorder: Nymphaeanae
(Dumortier, 1829) Thorne ex Reveal, 1992
- Order: Hydropeltidales
T. Liebe, 1866
- Family: Cabombaceae
(kuh-BOM-buh)
A. Richard, 1828 - Water-Shield Family
- Genus: Cabomba
(kuh-BOM-buh)
Aublet, Hist. Pl. Guiane. 321. 1775. - Fanwort [probably an aboriginal name]
- Specific epithet: caroliana A.Gray var. caroliana
- Botanical name: Cabomba caroliana A.Gray var. caroliana
- Specific epithet: caroliana A.Gray var. caroliana
- Genus: Cabomba
(kuh-BOM-buh)
Aublet, Hist. Pl. Guiane. 321. 1775. - Fanwort [probably an aboriginal name]
- Family: Cabombaceae
(kuh-BOM-buh)
A. Richard, 1828 - Water-Shield Family
- Order: Hydropeltidales
T. Liebe, 1866
- Superorder: Nymphaeanae
(Dumortier, 1829) Thorne ex Reveal, 1992
- Subclass: Nymphaeidae
(Horan., 1834) J.W. Walker ex Takhtajan, 1997
- Class: Magnoliopsida
Brongniart, 1843 - Dicotyledons
- Infraphylum: Angiospermae
auct.
- Subphylum: Spermatophytina
(auct.) Cavalier-Smith, 1998 - Seed Plants
- Phylum: Tracheophyta
Sinnott, 1935 ex Cavalier-Smith, 1998 - Vascular Plants
- Subkingdom: Viridaeplantae
Cavalier-Smith, 1981 - Green Plants
- Kingdom: Plantae
Haeckel, 1866 - Plants
Physical Description
Family Cabombaceae:
Herbs perennial, aquatic. Stems slender, branched, rhizomatous, repent; internodes at first elongate and apically floating, later erect, foliate, and shortened. Leaves dimorphic. Submersed leaves (Cabomba only), opposite or sometimes whorled, palmately dissected. Floating leaves alternate, peltate, entire. Flowers solitary, axillary from distal nodes, short to long pedunculate, bisexual, hypogynous, actinomorphic, borne at or above water surface; perianth persistent. Sepals 3, separate or nearly so. Petals 3, distinct, alternating with sepals. Stamens 3--36(--51), anthers dehiscent by longitudinal slits. Pistils 3--18, simple, obclavate or ventricose. Ovary 1-loculed; ovules 1--3, pendulous. Styles short. Stigmas capitate or linear-decurrent. Fruit achenelike or folliclelike, coriaceous, indehiscent. Seed endosperm little, perisperm abundant; embryo minute; cotyledons 2, fleshy.
Two genera and six species: tropical and temperate regions; two genera and two species in China.[1]
Genus Cabomba:
Herbs, young vegetative parts often with rust-colored pubescence, barely mucilaginous. Leaves submersed and floating; petiole short to long. Submersed leaves: blade in 3-7 dichotomously [trichotomously] branched, linear segments. Floating leaves: blade terminal, linear-elliptic [broadly elliptic], margins entire or notched at base, appearing only during flowering, inconspicuous [more evident in C. aquatica, a tropical species]. Flowers: sepals 3, petaloid, obovate; petals 3, oval, with proximal, yellow, nectar-bearing auricles, base clawed; stamens 3-6, opposite petals; pistils [1-]2-4, simple, 1-locular; ovules [1-]3[-5]; stigma capitate. Fruits elongate-pyriform, tapered to apex. Seeds ovoid [somewhat globose], tuberculate. x = 13.
Species 5: mostly tropical regions, Western Hemisphere.[2]
Similar Species
Members of the genus Cabomba:
There are approximately 28 species, subspecies, varieties, forms, and cultivars in this genus: C. aquatica · C. aubletii · C. australis · C. callistegioides · C. caroliana · C. caroliniana (Carolina Fanwort) · C. caroliniana A.Gray 'Silbergrüne' · C. caroliniana A.Gray var. caroliniana Gray · C. caroliniana var. caroliniana · C. caroliniana var. flavida (Carolina Fanwort) · C. caroliniana var. paucipartita · C. caroliniana var. pulcherrima · C. caroliniana var. pulcherrrima · C. furcata (Forked Fanwort) · C. grandis · C. haynesii (Fishgrass) · C. inermis · C. palaeformis · C. peltata · C. piauhiensis · C. piauhyensis · C. piauhyensis f. albida · C. pinnata · C. pubescens · C. pulcherrima · C. schwartzii · C. viridifolia · C. warmingii
Members of the genus Ptychotrema:
There are approximately 30 species and subspecies in this genus: P. affectatum · P. afrum · P. ampullacea · P. bequaerti · P. bonyomae · P. clavatula · P. connollyi · P. cymatonotus · P. denticulatum papillifera · P. deruptum · P. edgariana · P. elegantula · P. geminatum · P. gouldi · P. kasulai · P. liberianum · P. malaboense · P. mazumbiensis · P. myrmecoon · P. nyangweensis · P. plouti · P. quadrinotata · P. quadrinotatum · P. scintilla · P. silvatica · P. thomsonae · P. transicus · P. trigonostomum · P. usambarense · P. wilmattae
Bibliography
- Fassett, N. C. 1953. A monograph of Cabomba. Castanea 13: 116-128.
- Kuan Ke-chien. 1979. Nymphaeaceae subfam. Cabomboideae. Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. 27: 56.
- O/rgaard, M. 1991. The genus Cabomba (Cabombaceae)--A taxonomic study. Nordic J. Bot. 11: 179-203.
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Notes
Identifiers:
Footnotes:
- Dezhi Fu & John H. Wiersema "Cabombaceae". in Flora of China Vol. 6 Page 119. Published by Science Press (Beijing) and Missouri Botanical Garden Press. Online at EFloras.org.
- "Cabomba". in Flora of North America Vol. 3. Oxford University Press. Online at EFloras.org.
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