Calamagrostis bolanderi

• Overview
• Common Names
• Description
• Biology
• Taxonomy
• Similar Species
• More Info
• Further Reading
• Notes

Overview

Vulnerable

Common Names

Description

Family Poaceae

Annual or perennial herbs, or tall woody bamboos . Flowering stems (culms ) jointed , internodes hollow or solid; branches arising singly from nodes and subtended by a leaf sheath and 2-keeled prophyll, often fascicled in bamboos. Leaves arranged alternately in 2 ranks , differentiated into sheath, blade , and an adaxial erect appendage at sheath/blade junction (ligule) ; leaf sheath surrounding and supporting culm-internode, split to base or infrequently tubular with partially or completely fused margins , modified with reduced blade in bamboos (culm sheaths) ; leaf blades divergent, usually long, narrow and flat, but varying from inrolled and filiform to ovate , veins parallel, sometimes with cross-connecting veinlets (especially in bamboos) ; ligule membranous or a line of hairs . Inflorescence terminal or axillary , an open, contracted , or spikelike panicle, or composed of lax to spikelike racemes arranged along an elongate central axis, or digitate, paired , or occasionally solitary; axillary inflorescences often many, subtended by spatheoles (specialized bladeless leaf sheaths) and gathered into a leafy compound panicle; spikelets often aggregated into complex clusters in bamboos. Spikelets composed of distichous bracts arranged along a slender axis (rachilla) ; typically 2 lowest bracts (glumes ) empty, subtending 1 to many florets ; glumes often poorly differentiated from accompanying bracts in bamboos. Florets composed of 2 opposing bracts enclosing a single small flower, outer bract (lemma) clasping the more delicate, usually 2-keeled inner bract (palea) ; base of floret often with thickened prolongation articulated with rachilla (callus) ; lemma often with apical or dorsal bristle (awn ), glumes also sometimes awned . Flowers bisexual or unisexual ; lodicules (small scales representing perianth) 2, rarely 3 or absent, 3 to many in bamboos, hyaline or fleshy ; stamens 3 rarely 1, 2, 6, or more in some bamboos, hypogynous, filaments capillary , anthers versatile; ovary 1-celled, styles (1 or) 2(rarely 3), free or united at base, topped by feathery stigmas, exserted from sides or apex of floret. Fruit normally a dry indehiscent caryopsis with thin pericarp firmly adherent to seed, pericarp rarely free, fleshy in some bamboos; embryo small or large; hilum punctate to linear .

About 700 genera and 11,000 species: widely distributed in all regions of the world.[1]

Genus Calamagrostis

Perennials , often robust , sometimes rhizomatous . Leaf blades linear , usually flat; ligule membranous. Inflorescence a panicle, loosely contracted to dense and spikelike, often plumose , branches usually whorled , bearing numerous spikelets . Spikelets with 1 floret; rachilla disarticulating above glumes , extension beyond floret absent or small and glabrous , rarely better developed and penicillate ; glumes persistent , subequal or unequal with lower longer , narrowly lanceolate, much exceeding floret, lower glume 1-veined, upper glume 3-veined at base , apex finely acuminate or subulate ; floret callus conspicuously bearded , hairs much exceeding floret; lemma ca. 1/2 as long as glumes, hyaline , 3-5-veined, awned , apex erose, denticulate or deeply 2-lobed; awn very slender, straight or almost so, arising from lemma back, apex or between teeth; palea 1/2 as long to slightly shorter than lemma. Stamens usually 3, rarely 1.

About 20 species: N temperate and arctic regions; six species (one endemic) in China.

Calamagrostis intergrades with both Agrostis and Deyeuxia, and the number of species in the genus is very uncertain. As in Deyeuxia, the taxonomy is complicated by polymorphic species complexes arising from polyploidy, apomixis, and hybridization.[2]

Physical Description

Biology

Reproduction

Duration: Perennial

Taxonomy

Unambiguous Synonyms

1. Deyeuxia bolanderi (Thurb.) Vasey

Notes

Name Status: Accepted Name . Latest taxonomic scrutiny: 15-Mar-2000

Similar Species

Members of the genus Calamagrostis

ZipcodeZoo has pages for 664 species, subspecies, varieties, forms, and cultivars in this genus. Here are just 100 of them:

C. × acutiflora 'Karl Foerster' (Karl Foerster's Feather Reed Grass) · C. abietina · C. abnormis · C. accedens · C. acrathera · C. aculeolata · C. acuminata · C. acutiflora · C. acutiflora 'Avalanche' · C. acutiflora 'Eldorado' (Feather Reed Grass) · C. acutiflora 'Karl Foerster' · C. acutiflora 'Overdam' (Variegated Feather Reed Grass) · C. adpressi-ramea · C. aemula · C. aemula var. billardierei · C. aemula var. plebeia · C. aequata · C. aequivalvis · C. affinis · C. agapatea · C. agrostiflora · C. agrostoides · C. airoides · C. ajanensis · C. alajica · C. alaskana · C. alba · C. alba alba · C. alba subsp. tricholemma · C. albicans · C. albiflora · C. aleutica · C. aleutica angusta · C. alexeenkoana · C. alpicola · C. alpina · C. altaica · C. altissima · C. ambigua · C. ameghinoi · C. americana · C. amoena · C. amoena var. amoena · C. ampliflora · C. amurensis · C. andina · C. angusta · C. angustifolia · C. aniselytron · C. anomala · C. anthoxanthoides · C. antoniana · C. appressa · C. araeantha · C. archboldii · C. arctica · C. arenaria · C. arenicola · C. argentea · C. arisanensis · C. armata · C. arundicacea · C. arundinacea (Overdam Feather Reed Grass) · C. arundinacea subsp. adpressi-ramea · C. arundinacea subsp. distantiflora · C. arundinacea subsp. sugawarae · C. arundinacea var. brachytricha · C. arundinacea var. inaequata · C. arundinacea var. ligulata · C. arundinacea var. purpurascens · C. arundinacea x · C. arundo · C. aspera · C. atjehensis · C. atropurpurea · C. aurea · C. australis · C. austrodensa · C. austrojeholensis · C. austroscaberula · C. autumnalis · C. autumnalis var. microtis · C. 'Avalanche' · C. avenacea · C. avenoides · C. azorica · C. baicalensis · C. balansae · C. balkharica · C. baltica · C. barbata · C. benthamiana · C. beyrichiana · C. bicolor · C. bihariensis · C. billardierei · C. blanda · C. bogotensis · C. bolanderi (Bolander's Reedgrass) · C. boliviensis

More Info

• Search for Pictures: images.google.com
• Search for Scholarly Articles: Google Scholar
• Search using Scientific Name and Vernacular Names: All the Web | AltaVista Canada | AltaVista | Excite | Google | HotBot | Lycos
• Search using Specialized Databases: GenBank | Medline | Scirus | CISTI/CAL | Agricola Periodicals | Agricola Books

Further Reading

• A flora of California, by Willis Linn Jepson. San Francisco, Calif., Cunningham, Curtis & Welch, 1909- ENG url p. 122.
• An illustrated flora of the Pacific States: Washington, Oregon, and California. Stanford University, Stanford University Press, 1923-[60] ENG url p. 156, p. 157.
• Chen Shouliang, Jin Yuexing, Zhuang Tide, Fang Wenzhe, Sheng Guoying, Liu Liang, Wu Zhenlan, Lu Shenglian, Sun Bisin, Hu Zhihao, Wang Song, Sun Xiangzhong, Wang Huiqin, Yang Xilin, Wang Chaopin, Li Binggui & Wen Shaobin. 1990. Gramineae (Poaceae) (4). In: Chen Shouliang, ed., Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. 10(1):1401
• Chen Shouliang, Zhuang Tide, Fang Wenzhe, Sheng Guoying, Jin Yuexing, Liu Liang, Sun Bisin, Hu Zhihao & Wang Song. 1997. Gramineae (Poaceae) (5). In: Chen Shouliang, ed., Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. 10(2): 1301
• Liu Liang, Zhu Taiping, Chen Wenli, Wu Zhenlan & Lu Shenglian. Gramineae (Poaceae) (2). In: Liu Liang, ed., Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. 9(2): 1405
• Lu Sheng-lian, Sun Yong-hua, Liu Shang-wu, Yang Yong-chang, Wu Zhen-lan, Kuo Pen-chao, Yang Hsi-ling, Wang Chao-pin & Tsui Nai-ran. 1987. Gramineae (3). In: Kuo Pen-chao, ed., Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. 9(3): 1329
• Wang Zhengping, Ye Guanghan, Yang Yaling, Yu Zehua, Hu Chenhua, Geng Bojie, Feng Xuelin, Jia Liangzhi, Xia Nianhe, Li Dezhu, Zhang Weiping, Xue Jiru, Zhu Zhengde, Zhao Qiseng, Chen Shouliang, Sheng Guoying, Chen Shaoyun, Yao Changyu, Lu Jionglin, Sun Jiliang, Lin Wantao, Yi Tongpei, Zhao Huiru, Wen Taihui & Dai Qihui. 1996. Gramineae (Poaceae) (1).

Notes

Contributors

• Bisby, F.A., Y.R. Roskov, M.A. Ruggiero, T.M. Orrell, L.E. Paglinawan, P.W. Brewer, N. Bailly, J. van Hertum, eds (2007). Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life: 2007 Annual Checklist. Species 2000: Reading, U.K.
• Global Biodiversity Information Facility. Accessed November 19, 2007. http://www.gbif.org Mediated distribution data from 3 providers.

Data Sources

Accessed through GBIF Data Portal November 19, 2007:

• Berkeley Natural History Museums, University and Jepson Herbaria DiGIR provider
• USDA PLANTS, USDA PLANTS Database
• Utah State University, USU-UTC Specimen Database

Identifiers

• Biodiversity Heritage Library NamebankID: 2660828
• Catalogue of Life Accepted Name Code: ITS-40542
• Global Biodiversity Information Facility Taxonkey: 13730657
• Globally Unique Identifier: urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:394333-1
• Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS) Taxonomic Serial Number (TSN): 40542
• Natural Heritage Network Species Identifier: PMPOA17010
• U.S.D.A. Plant Symbol: CABO
• Zipcode Zoo Species Identifier: 26810

Footnotes

1. Shou-liang Chen, De-Zhu Li, Guanghua Zhu, Zhenlan Wu, Sheng-lian Lu, Liang Liu, Zheng-ping Wang, Bi-xing Sun, Zheng-de Zhu, Nianhe Xia, Liang-zhi Jia, Zhenhua Guo, Wenli Chen, Xiang Chen, Yang Guangyao, Sylvia M. Phillips, Chris Stapleton, Robert J. Soreng, Susan G. Aiken, Nikolai N. Tzvelev, Paul M. Peterson, Stephen A. Renvoize, Marina V. Olonova & Klaus Ammann "Poaceae". in Flora of China Vol. 22. Published by Science Press (Beijing) and Missouri Botanical Garden Press. Online at EFloras.org. [back]
2. Sheng-lian Lu & Sylvia M. Phillips "Calamagrostis". in Flora of China Vol. 22 Page 310, 317, 349, 356, 358, 359. Published by Science Press (Beijing) and Missouri Botanical Garden Press. Online at EFloras.org. [back]

©2004-2009 the BayScience Foundation, Inc. All rights reserved.