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Calandrinia ciliata

(Desert Rockpurslane)

Common Names

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Common Names in English:

Desert Rockpurslane, Fringed Red Maid, Fringed Redmaids, Red Maids, Red-Maids, Redmaids

Description

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Family Portulacaceae

Herbs annual or perennial , rarely ± shrubby, usually succulent, usually glabrous except for nodal hairs and/or scales . Leaves alternate or opposite; true stipules absent, nodes sometimes with axillary scales and/or hairs; petiole usually poorly defined or absent; leaf blade simple , usually fleshy , margin entire. Inflorescences usually terminal , less often axillary , in cymes or racemelike panicles, forming heads of sessile flowers surrounded by an involucre of leaves, or reduced to solitary flowers. Bracts inconspicuous. Flowers bisexual , very rarely unisexual , actinomorphic . Sepals 2, free or basally connate , herbaceous or scarious . Petals 4-6 or seldom more, distinct or basally connate, imbricate, often brightly colored , usually short lived. Disk usually absent. Stamens 4-100, free, fascicled, or adnate to petals; filaments linear ; anthers 2-loculed, introrse , dehiscence longitudinal . Ovary superior or half-inferior, 1-loculed, 2-5-carpellate; ovules 1 to many, campylotropous; placentation basal or free-central . Style linear; stigma 2-9-lobed. Fruit a thin-walled capsule, circumscissile or 2- or 3-valved, rarely a nut, often globose or subglobose, smooth . Seeds many, reniform or globose, caruncle present or not; endosperm mostly copious , surrounded by embryo.

About 19 genera and 500 species: mainly in more arid regions of S hemisphere, especially Africa, South America, and Australia, fewer species in Asia, Europe, and North America; two genera (one introduced ) and six species (two endemic, two introduced) in China.[1]

Genus Calandrinia

Herbs, annual , not rhizomatous or stoloniferous . Stems prostrate to erect , branched; nodes glabrous . Leaves alternate, not articulate at base , somewhat to markedly clasping , attachment points linear ; blade linear to oblanceolate , or ovate to spatulate , flattened, glabrous or with elongate unicellular hairs . Inflorescences racemose, somewhat to markedly secund (at least distally), elongate, bracteate ; bracts leaflike. Flowers pedicellate ; sepals persistent in fruit, imbricate, green, distinctly angled or keeled , ovate, herbaceous, glabrous or with elongate, unicellular hairs; petals usually 5, red; stamens 3-15, usually opposite petals, not adnate to petals; ovules 6-many; style present; stigmas 3. Capsules 3-valved, longitudinally dehiscent from apex, valves not deciduous, reflexed after dehiscence, margins markedly involute ; endocarp and exocarp not separating. Seeds 10-20, black, ± ellipsoid , reticulate or tuberculate viewed at 30×, glabrous, estrophiolate. x = 12.

Species 14: temperate w Americas, with greater diversity in w South America.[2]

Physical Description

Species Calandrinia ciliata

Stems prostrate to ascending , spreading , 3-40 cm. Leaf blades linear to oblanceolate , 1-10 cm, glabrous or with elongate , 1-cellular hairs . Flowers: sepals 2.5-8 mm; petals 4-15 mm; stamens 3-15; pedicel ± straight in fruit, 0.4-2.5 cm. Capsules usually not exceeding calyx by 3+ mm. Seeds 10-20, 1-2.5 mm wide, finely reticulate at 30×. 2n = 24. [source]

Calandrina ciliata is highly variable vegetatively, especially in size, but is uniform in flower, fruit, and seed. It is very similar to C. breweri (see discussion above). [source]

Habit: Forb/herb

Flowers: Bloom Period: February, March, April. • Flower Color: magenta

Size/Age/Growth

Size: 12-18" tall.

Habitat

Sandy to loamy soils, grassy areas, cultivated fields ; 10-1900 m [3].

Typically found at an altitude of 0 to 3,500 meters (0 to 11,483 feet).[4]

Biology

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Reproduction

Duration: Annual

Growth

Culture: Space 6-9" apart.

Sunlight: Sun Exposure: Full Sun .

Moisture: Drought Tolerance: High

Temperature: Cold Hardiness: 7a, 7b, 8a, 8b, 9a, 9b, 10a, 10b. (map)

Taxonomy

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Unambiguous Synonyms

  1. C. ciliata var. menziesii (Hooker) J. F. Macbride
  2. C. micrantha Schlechtendal
  3. Calandrinia ciliata /i> (Ruiz & Pavón) Dc.
  4. Calandrinia ciliata var. menziesii (Hook.) J. F. Macbr.
  5. Talinum ciliatum Ruiz & Pavón, Syst. Veg. Fl. peruv. Chil. , 116. 1798; Calandrinia Caulescens Kunth

Notes

Name Status: Accepted Name . Latest taxonomic scrutiny: 15-Mar-2000

Place of publication : Prodr. 3:359. 1828

Name verified on 11-Jan-2008 by ARS Systematic Botanists.

Similar Species

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Members of the genus Calandrinia

ZipcodeZoo has pages for 219 species, subspecies, varieties, forms, and cultivars in this genus. Here are just 100 of them:

C. acaulis · C. acaulis var. magna · C. acuminata · C. acuta · C. acutisepala · C. adenosperma · C. adscendens · C. aegialitis · C. affinis · C. alba · C. ambigua · C. amoena · C. andicola · C. andrewsii · C. andrewski · C. angulata · C. arenaria · C. arenicola · C. argentea · C. arizonica · C. armeriifolia · C. aurea · C. axilliflora · C. balonensis · C. bandurriae · C. barneoudi · C. berteroana · C. biflora · C. bonariensis · C. bracteosa · C. brevipedata · C. breweri (Brewer's Rock-Purslane) · C. buridgii · C. cabrerae · C. cachinalensis · C. caesia · C. caespitosa · C. caespitosa var. rupestris · C. callithrix · C. calocephala · C. calycina · C. calycotricha · C. calyptrata · C. calyptrata var. pumila · C. canescens · C. capiapina · C. capitata · C. capituligera · C. carolinii · C. caulescens · C. caulescens menziesii · C. caulescens var. menziesii · C. cephalophora · C. cerrateae · C. cerratei · C. chamissoi · C. chromantha · C. chrysantha · C. chubutensis · C. cilata · C. ciliata (Desert Rockpurslane) · C. cistiflora · C. colchaguensis · C. columbiana · C. compacta · C. composita · C. compressa · C. conferta · C. copiapina · C. coquimbensis · C. corrigioloides · C. corymbosa · C. cotyledon · C. crassifolia · C. creethae · C. crenata · C. cumingii · C. curvifolia · C. cygnorum · C. cylindrica · C. cymosa · C. demissa · C. densiflora · C. denticulata · C. depressa · C. dianthoides · C. dielsii · C. diffusa · C. dipetala · C. discolor · C. disperma · C. elegans · C. eremaea · C. fasciculata · C. feltonii · C. fenzlii · C. ferruginea · C. filifolia · C. floribunda · C. frigida

More Info

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Further Reading

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Notes

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Contributors

Data Sources

Accessed through GBIF Data Portal February 02, 2008:

Identifiers

Footnotes

  1. Dequan Lu & Michael G. Gilbert "Portulacaceae". in Flora of China Vol. 5 Page 442. Published by Science Press (Beijing) and Missouri Botanical Garden Press. Online at EFloras.org. [back]
  2. Walter A. Kelley "Calandrinia". in Flora of North America Vol. 4 Page 458, 459, 461. Oxford University Press. Online at EFloras.org. [back]
  3. "Calandrinia ciliata". in Flora of North America Vol. 4 Page 459, 460. Oxford University Press. Online at EFloras.org. [back]
  4. Mean = 650.010 meters (2,132.579 feet), Standard Deviation = 628.370 based on 315 observations. Altitude information for each observation from British Oceanographic Data Centre. [back]
Last Revised: 7/1/2009