Carthamus oxyacantha

• Interesting Facts
• Common Names
• Description
• Taxonomy
• Similar Species
• More Info
• Further Reading
• Notes

Interesting Facts

Common Names

Description

Family Compositae

The largest family of flowering plants , the Compositae (Asteraceae), comprising about 1,100 genera and more than 20,000 species and characterized by many small flowers arranged in a head looking like a single flower and subtended by an involucre of bracts. A head may consist of both ray flowers and disk flowers, as in the sunflower, of disk flowers only, as in the burdock, or of ray flowers only, as in the dandelion.

Genus Carthamus

Annuals or perennials, 30-180 cm. herbage glabrous to ± glandular and/or ± tomentose . Stems usually erect , branched distally or throughout, (leafy). Leaves basal and cauline or all cauline; basal and proximal cauline winged-petiolate, distal cauline sessile, sometimes clasping ; blade margins dentate to pinnately lobed , ± spiny , faces glabrous or ± glandlar and/or ± tomentose. Heads discoid , borne singly or in few-headed cymiform arrays. Involucres ovoid , constricted distally. Phyllaries many in 4-5 series. linear to ovate (at least outer ± leaflike), bases appressed , apical appendages more herbaceous, prominently veiny , spiny-dentate or -lobed, spine. tipped. Receptacles convex to conic, epaleate, bearing subulate scales . Florets 15-60+. corollas yellow to red or ± purple, tubes very slender, throats gradually or abruptly expanded, ± cylindric or short-campanulate, lobes linear; anther bases short-tailed, apical appendages oblong ; style branches: fused portions with slightly swollen basal nodes minutely hairy , distally minutely papillate , distinct portions very short. Cypselae oblong to obpyramidal , ± 4-angled, apices with smooth or dentate rims, faces usually ± roughened (outer) or smooth (inner), glabrous, attachment scar . lateral ; pappi 0 or (usually only inner cypselae) ± persistent , of many, usually unequal, narrow scales overlapping in several series. x = 10, 12.

Species 14: introduced ; United States; Mediterranean region.[1]

Physical Description

Taxonomy

Notes

Name Status: Accepted Name . Latest taxonomic scrutiny: 15-Mar-2000

Similar Species

Members of the genus Carthamus

ZipcodeZoo has pages for 10 species, subspecies, varieties, forms, and cultivars in this genus:

C. baeticus baeticus (Smooth Distaff Thistle) · C. lanatus (Distaff Thistle) · C. lanatus baeticus (Distaff Thistle) · C. lanatus lanatus (Woolly Distaff Thistle) · C. leucocaulos (Distaff Thistle) · C. oxyacantha (Jeweled Distaff Thistle) · C. oxyacanthus (Wild Safflower) · C. tinctorius (American Saffron) · C. tinctorius 'Grenade Mix' (American Saffron) · C. tinctorius 'Magestic Orange' (American Saffron)

More Info

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Further Reading

• Catalogue of the Hanbury Herbarium, in the Museum of the Pharmaceutical Society of Great Britain / compiled by E.M. Holmes. London: Pharmaceutical Society of Great Britain, 1892. url p. 73.
• Compositae newsletter. Columbus, Ohio: Dept. of Botany, Ohio State University, 1975- url p. 65.
• Flora indica: being a systematic account of the plants of British India, together with observations on the structure and affinities of their natural orders and genera. London, W. Pamplin, 1855. url , .
• International catalogue of scientific literature. London: Published for the International Council by the Royal Society of London, 1902-1919. url p. 188, p. 521.
• Plants of the Punjab: a descriptive key to the flora of the Punjab, North-west Frontier Province, and Kashmir / by C.J. Bamber. Lahore: Supt. Govt. Printing, Punjab, 1916. url p. 332.
• Plants of the Punjab; a descriptive key to the flora of the Punjab, North-west Frontier Province and Kashmir. LahorePrinted by The Superintendent Government Printing1916 url p. 332.
• Studies on the vegetation of the Transcaspian lowlands. Copenhagen, Gyldendalske Boghandel1912. url .
• The Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society. Bombay: The Society, url p. 589.
• The Journal of the Linnean Society. Botany. 28 1891 London: the Society: Longman, Green, Longman, Roberts & Green: ||Williams and Norgate, 1865-1968. url p. 296, p. 317, p. 431, p. 72.
• The commercial products of India: being an abridgment of The dictionary of the economic products of India / by Sir George Watt; published under the authority of His Majesty's secretary of state for India in council. London: J. Murray, 1908. url p. 276.
• The illustrated dictionary of gardening, a practical and scientific encyclopedia of horticulture for gardeners and botanists. Ed. by George Nicholson. Assisted by Professor J. W. H. Trail and J. Garrett. London: L. U. Gill, [1884]-89. url p. 273.
• The survey of western Palestine. The fauna and flora of Palestine, by H. B. Tristram. London, The Committee of the Palestine Exploration Fund, 1884. url p. 341.
• Ashri, A. and P. F. Knowles. 1959. Further notes on Carthamus in California. Leafl. W. Bot. 9: 5-8.
• Ashri, A. and P. F. Knowles. 1960. Cytogenetics of safflower (Carthamus L.) species and their hybrids. Agron. J. 52: 11-17.
• Hanelt, P. 1963. Monographisch Übersicht der Gattung Carthamus L. (Compositae). Feddes Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 67: 41-180.
• Hanelt, P. 1976. Carthamus. In: T. G. Tutin et al., eds. 1964-1980. Flora Europaea. 5 vols. Cambridge. Vol. 4, pp. 302-303.
• Khidir, M. O. and P. F. Knowles. 1970b. Cytogenetic studies of Carthamus species (Compositae) with 32 pairs of chromosomes. II. Intersectional hybridization. Canad. J. Genet. Cytol. 12: 90-99.

Notes

Contributors

• Bisby, F.A., Y.R. Roskov, M.A. Ruggiero, T.M. Orrell, L.E. Paglinawan, P.W. Brewer, N. Bailly, J. van Hertum, eds (2007). Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life: 2007 Annual Checklist. Species 2000: Reading, U.K.
• Brands, S.J. (comp.) 1989-present. The Taxonomicon. Universal Taxonomic Services, Zwaag, The Netherlands. Accessed January 10, 2012.
• USDA, ARS, National Genetic Resources Program. Germplasm Resources Information Network - (GRIN) [Online Database]. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland. URL (April 24, 2008)
• USDA, NRCS. 2005. The PLANTS Database, Version 3.5 (http://plants.usda.gov). National Plant Data Center, Baton Rouge, LA 70874-4490 USA.

Identifiers

• Biodiversity Heritage Library NamebankID: 2665997
• Catalogue of Life Accepted Name Code: ITS-501304
• Globally Unique Identifier: urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:189514-1
• Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS) Taxonomic Serial Number (TSN): 501304
• U.S.D.A. Plant Symbol: CAOX2
• Zipcode Zoo Species Identifier: 12844

Footnotes

1. David J. Keil "Carthamus". in Flora of North America Vol. 19, 20 and 21 Page 52, 67, 83, 178. Oxford University Press. Online at EFloras.org. [back]

©2004-2012 David Stang. All rights reserved.