Chamaesyce maculata

• Overview
• Interesting Facts
• Common Names
• Description
• Biology
• Taxonomy
• Similar Species
• More Info
• Further Reading
• Notes

Overview

Interesting Facts

Common Names

Click on the language to view common names.

Description

Family Euphorbiaceae

The Euphorbiaceae are mostly monoecious herbs, shrubs , and trees , sometimes succulent and cactus-like, comprising one of the largest families of plants with about 300 genera and 7,500 species that are further characterized by the frequent occurrence of milky sap . The leaves are mostly alternate but may be opposite or whorled and they are simple , or compound , or sometimes highly reduced. Stipules are generally present but may be reduced to hairs , glands or spines. The flowers are unisexual and usually actinomorphic . They may be highly reduced by suppression of parts, in the extreme form consisting of a naked stamen as a male flower and a naked pistil as a female flower. A specialized type of miniature inflorescence called a cyathium occurs in about 1,500 species comprising the genera Euphorbia and Chamaesyce. The cyathium consists of a single naked pistillate flower surrounded by cymes of naked staminate flowers, each consisting of a single stamen. These flowers are all enclosed in a cup-like involucre that typically is provided with peripheral nectaries and petaloid appendages such that the whole aggregation closely resembles a single flower. In other members of the family the flowers and inflorescences are more ordinary in appearance , with male and female flowers typically bearing a 5-merous calyx and corolla of distinct segments, although the corolla is sometimes absent. In these forms the androecium most commonly consists of 5, 10 or sometimes numerous distinct or monadelphous stamens. The gynoecium of female flowers consists of a single compound pistil of typically 3 carpels, an equal number of styles or primary style branches, and a superior ovary with typically 3 locules, each bearing 1 or 2 collateral , axile-apical pendulous ovules. The fruit is usually a capsular schizocarp. -- Gerald Carr.

Physical Description

Habitat

Typically found at an altitude of 0 to 3,180 meters (0 to 10,433 feet).[1]

Biology

Growth

Culture: Space 9-12" apart.

Soil: Minimum pH: 6.1 • Maximum pH: 7.8

Sunlight: Sun Exposure: Full Sun .

Temperature: Cold Hardiness: 4b, 5a, 5b, 6a, 6b, 7a, 7b, 8a, 8b, 9a, 9b, 10a, 10b, 11. (map)

Taxonomy

Synonyms

Anisophyllum maculatum (L.) Haw. • Chamaesyce jovetii (Huguet) Holub • Chamaesyce maculata auct. non (L.) Small • Chamaesyce pseudonutans Thell. • Chamaesyce supina (Raf.) Hara • Chamaesyce tracyi Small • Euphorbia depressa Torr. Ex Spreng. • Euphorbia jovetii Huguet • Euphorbia maculata L. • Euphorbia maculata var. detonsa Engelm. Ex Boiss. • Euphorbia maculata var. parvula Riddell • Euphorbia reichenbachiana Lojac. • Euphorbia supina Raf. • Tithymalus maculatus (L.) Moench • Xamesike depressa (Torr. Ex Spreng.) Raf. • Xamesike littoralis Raf. • Xamesike maculata (L.) Raf. • Xamesike supina (Raf.) Raf.

Notes

Publishing author : Haw. Publication : Syn. Pl. Succ. 162 An accepted name in the RHS Horticultural Database.

Name Status: Accepted Name . Latest taxonomic scrutiny: Govaerts R., 11-Nov-2003

Place of publication: Fl. s.e. U.S. 713, 1333. 1903

Name verified on 28-Jun-1995 by ARS Systematic Botanists. Last updated: 29-Oct-2007

Similar Species

Members of the genus Chamaesyce

ZipcodeZoo has pages for 111 species, subspecies, varieties, forms, and cultivars in this genus. Here are just 100 of them:

C. abramsiana (Abram's Spurge) · C. acuta (Pointed Broomspurge) · C. adenoptera (South Florida Broomspurge) · C. albomarginata (Rattlesnake Weed) · C. amplexicaulis (Chamaesyce) · C. angusta (Black-Foot Broomspurge) · C. arizonica (Arizona Broomspurge) · C. arnottiana (Arnott's Broomspurge) · C. articulata (Jointed Sandmat) · C. astyla (Alkali Broomspurge) · C. atrococca (Koko) · C. berteriana (Berteron's Sandmat) · C. blodgettii (Blodgett's Broomspurge) · C. bombensis (Dixie Broomspurge) · C. capitellata (Head Broomspurge) · C. carunculata (Sand-Dune Broomspurge) · C. celastroides ('ekoko) · C. celastroides var. amplectens ('ekoko) · C. celastroides var. celastroides ('ekoko) · C. celastroides var. hanapepensis ('ekoko) · C. celastroides var. lorifolia ('ekoko) · C. celastroides var. stokesii ('ekoko) · C. chaetocalyx (Bristlecup Sandmat) · C. chaetocalyx var. chaetocalyx (Bristlecup Sandmat) · C. cinerascens (Ashy Broomspurge) · C. clusiifolia (Clusia-Leaf Broomspurge) · C. conferta (Everglade Key Broomspurge) · C. cordifolia (Heart-Leaf Broomspurge) · C. cowellii (Cowell's Sandmat) · C. cumulicola (Coastal Dune Sandmat) · C. degeneri (Beach Broomspurge) · C. deltoidea (Pineland Poinsettia) · C. deltoidea deltoidea (Wedge Sandmat) · C. deltoidea deltoidea var. deltoidea (Deltoid Spurge) · C. deltoidea pinetorum (Pineland Broomspurge) · C. deltoidea serpyllum (Wedge Sandmat) · C. deppeana (Deppe's Broomspurge) · C. dioica (Pine Broomspurge) · C. eleanoriae (Na Pali Sandmat) · C. exstipulata (Square-Seed Spurge) · C. fendleri (Fendler's Broomspurge) · C. florida (Chiricahua Mountain Sandmat) · C. garberi (Garber's Spurge) · C. geyeri (Geyer Supurge) · C. glyptosperma (Corrugate-Seed Broomspurge) · C. golondrina (Boquillas Broomspurge) · C. gracillima (Mexican Broomspurge) · C. halemanui (Halemanu's Broomspurge) · C. herbstii (Herbst's Sandmat) · C. hirta (Hairy Spurge) · C. hooveri (Hoover's Broomspurge) · C. humistrata (Spreading Broomspurge) · C. hypericifolia (Graceful Sandmat) · C. hyssopifolia (Hyssop Spurge) · C. jejuna (Dwarf Broomspurge) · C. kuwaleana (Kokomalei) · C. laredana (Laredo Broomspurge) · C. lasiocarpa (Bank Broomspurge) · C. lata (Hoary Broomspurge) · C. maculata (Prostrate Spurge) · C. melanadenia (Red-Gland Spurge) · C. mendezii (Mendez's Broomspurge) · C. mesembrianthemifolia (Coastal Beach Sandmat) · C. micromera (Desert Spurge) · C. missurica (Missouri Spurge) · C. multiformis (Variable Sandmat) · C. multiformis var. microphylla (Variable Sandmat) · C. nutans (Eyebane) · C. ocellata (Contura Creek Sandmat) · C. olowaluana (Akoko) · C. ophthalmica (Florida Hammock Broomspurge) · C. orbifolia (Mona Island Sandmat) · C. parishii (Parish's Broomspurge) · C. parryi (Parry Spurge) · C. pediculifera (Carrizo Mountain Sandmat) · C. perennans (Perennial Broomspurge) · C. platysperma (Flat-Seed Sandmat) · C. polycarpa (Big Bend Broomspurge) · C. polygonifolia (Seaside Spurge) · C. porteriana (Key's Sandmat) · C. porteriana var. porteriana (Porter's Sandmat) · C. prostrata (Prostrate Broomspurge) · C. remyi (Remy's Broomspurge) · C. remyi var. hanaleiensis (Remy's Broomspurge) · C. remyi var. kauaiensis (Remy's Broomspurge) · C. remyi var. remyi (Remy's Broomspurge) · C. revoluta (Thread-Stem Broomspurge) · C. rockii (Koolau Range Sandmat) · C. serpens (Matted Broomspurge) · C. serpyllifolia (Thyme-Leaf Broomspurge) · C. serpyllifolia serpyllifolia (Thyme-Leaf Sandmat) · C. serrula (Saw-Tooth Broomspurge) · C. setiloba (Yuma Broomspurge) · C. simulans (Chamaesyce Simulans) · C. skottsbergii (Coastal Sandmat) · C. skottsbergii var. skottsbergii (Coastal Sandmat) · C. skottsbergii var. vaccinioides (Coastal Sandmat) · C. sparsiflora (Wahiawa Bog Sandmat) · C. stictospora (Slim-Seed Broomspurge) · C. theriaca (Terlingua Broomspurge)

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Further Reading

• A botanical survey of the Sugar Grove region / by Robert F. Griggs. Columbus: Ohio State University, 1914. url p. 318.
• A flora of California, by Willis Linn Jepson. San Francisco, Calif., Cunningham, Curtis & Welch, 1909- url p. 426.
• A taxonomic revision of the genus Chamaesyce (Euphorbiaceae) in the Caribbean / by Derek George Burch. 1965. url , , p. 168, p. 170, p. 171.
• An illustrated flora of the Pacific States: Washington, Oregon, and California. Stanford University, Stanford University Press, 1923-[60] url p. 40.
• An illustrated flora of the northern United States, Canada and the British possessions: from Newfoundland to the parallel of the southern boundary of Virginia and from the Atlantic Ocean westward to the 102nd meridian / by Nathaniel Lord Britton and Hon. Addison Brown. New York: Scribner, 1913. url p. 467, p. 467.
• Annotated list of the ferns and flowering plants of New York state, by Homer D. House. Albany, The University of the state of New York, 1924. url p. 470.
• Bartonia;proceedings of the Philadelphia botanical club. .. 1986-1992 Philadelphia, Philadelphia Botanical Club, Academy of Natural Sciences. url p. 14.
• Britton, N. L. (ed.). North American flora. 7 1912 [New York]New York Botanical Garden. url p. 260, p. 831, p. 878, p. 896.
• Bulletin / Illinois Natural History Survey. Urbana, State of Illinois, Dept. of Registration and Education, Natural History Survey Division, 1918-1985. url p. 402, p. 517.
• Bulletin / Ohio Biological Survey. Columbus, Ohio: Ohio State University, 1913- url p. 318.
• Bulletin of the New York Botanical Garden. Lancaster, Pa.: Published for the Garden by the New Era Printing Co., url p. 259.
• Bulletin of the Southern California Academy of Sciences. Los Angeles, Calif.: The Academy, 1902-1971. url p. 21.
• Catalog of Ohio vascular plants, arranged according to the phyletic classification; with notes on the geographical distribution in the state, based mainly on specimens in the State Herbarium, Botanical Laboratory, the Ohio State Univ Columbus, The Ohio State University, 1914. url .
• Catalog of Ohio vascular plants: arranged according to the phyletic classification: with notes on the geographical distribution in the state, based mainly on specimens in the State Herbarium, Botanical Laboratory, the Ohio State Uni by John H. Schaffner. Columbus: Ohio State University, 1914. url p. 173.
• Contributions from the New York Botanical Garden. New York: The Garden, 1899- url p. 550.
• Contributions from the United States National Herbarium 21 1919 Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution Press, 1890- url p. 195, p. 343, p. 345.
• Erigenia: journal of the Illinois Native Plant Society. Carbondale, Ill.: The Society, 1982- url p. 13, p. 17, p. 17, p. 30, p. 47, p. 58, p. 6, p. 68.
• Flora of Bermuda. .. by Nathaniel Lord Britton. .. New York, C. Scribner's sons, 1918. url p. 212, p. 216.
• Flora of Bermuda... by Nathaniel Lord Britton... New York, Scribner, 1918. url p. 212, p. 216.
• Flora of Illinois, containing keys for the identification of the flowering plants and ferns, by George Neville Jones. .. Notre Dame, Ind., The University Press, 1945. url p. 175.
• Flora of Indiana, by Charles C. Deam. Indianapolis, Wm. B. Burford printing co., contractor for state printing and binding, 1940. url p. 644.
• Flora of Japan: in English: combined, much revised and extended translation / by the author of his Flora of Japan (1953) and Flora of Japan, Pteridophyta (1957); edited by Frederick G. Meyer and Egbert H. Walker. Washington: Smithsonian Institution, 1965. url p. 592.
• Flora of Lancaster County: being descriptions of the seed-plants growing naturally in Lancaster County, Pennsylvania / by John Kunkel Small and Joel Jackson Carter. New York: The authors, 1913. url p. 179.
• Flora of Lancaster County; being descriptions of the seed- plants growing naturally in Lancaster County, Pennsylvanial. By John Kunkel Small and Joel Jackson Carter. New York, 1913. url p. 179.
• Flora of Vermont. List of ferns and seed plants growing without cultivation. Prepared by Vermont Botanical Club. Burlington, Vt., Free Press Print. Co., 1915. url p. 222.
• Flora of the District of Columbia and vicinity. By A.S. Hitchcock and Paul C. Standley, with the assistance of the botanists of Washington. WashingtonGovt. print. off.1919 url p. 195.
• Flora of the U.S.S.R. [Springfield, Va.: Israel Program for Scientific Translations; 1968- url p. 377.
• Flora of the southeastern United States; being descriptions of the seed-plants, ferns and fern-allies growing naturally in North Carolina, South Carolina, Georgia, Florida, Tennessee, Alabama, Mississippi, Arkansas, Louisiana, and in Oklahom by John Kunkel Small. New York, The author, 1913. url p. 1333, p. 713.
• Growth of plants; twenty years' research at Boyce Thompson Institute. New York, Reinhold Pub. Corp., 1948. url p. 38.
• Guide to the Economic Museum of the New York Botanical Garden. New York, 1921. url p. 259.
• Hill prairies of Illinois. Urbana, 1955. url p. 402.
• Illinois River Bluffs area assessment / Illinois Department of Natural Resources, Office of Scientific Research and Analysis, [and the] State Geological Survey Division. Springfield, Ill.: Illinois Dept. of Natural Resources, 1998- url p. 165, p. 177.
• Key to the Rocky Mountain flora. Colorado, Utah, Wyoming, Idaho, Montana, Saskatchewan, Alberta, and parts of Nebraska, South Dakota, North Dakota, and British Columbia. New York, [c1919] url .
• Key to the Rocky Mountain flora; Colorado, Utah, Wyoming, Idaho, Montana, Saskatchewan, Alberta, and parts of Nebraska, South Dakota, North Dakota, and British Columbia. New York, 1919. url p. 151.
• Lake Maxinkuckee. A physical and biological survey by Barton Warren Evermann and Howard Walton Clark. [Indianapolis]Dept. of Conservation, State of Indiana [Wm. B. Burford, printer]1920. url p. 351.
• Lake Maxinkuckee. a physical and biological survey by Barton Warren Evermann and Howard Walton Clark. [Indianapolis, Wm. B. Burford, printer]1920. url p. 351.
• Lake Maxinkuckee: a physical and biological survey / by Barton Warren Evermann and Howard Walton Clark. Indianapolis: Dept. of Conservation, 1920. url p. 351.
• Leaflets of western botany. San Fransisco:[J. T. Howell], 1932-1966. url p. 245, p. 29.
• Miscellaneous papers on the botany of Michigan, by C. K. Dodge. Prepared under the direction of Alexander G. Ruthven. Published as a part of the Annual report of the Board of Geological Survey for 1920. Lansing, Mich., Wynkoop Hallenbeck Crawford, State Printers, 1921. url p. 106.
• New York State Museum bulletin. Albany, N.Y.: University of the State of New York, 1916-1944. url p. 98.
• Observations on the flowering plants, ferns and fern allies growing wild in Marquette County, Michigan, in 1916 and 1917, especially in the vicinity of the Huron Mountain Club. Ann Arbor, Michigan, Published by the University, 1918. url .
• Phytologia. Bronx Park, New York, H.A. Gleason and H.N. Moldenke, url p. 112, p. 137, p. 318.
• Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington. Washington, Biological Society of Washington url p. 218, p. 47.
• Proceedings of the Indiana Academy of Science. Indianapolis, Ind.[s.n.] url p. 310, p. 472, p. 472.
• Report of the State Botanist. Albany, N.Y.: University of the State of New York, 1898-1925. url .
• Small, J. K. Flora of the southeastern United States;being descriptions of the seed-plants, ferns and fern-allies growing naturally in North Carolina, South Carolin, Georgia, Florida, Tennessee, Alabama, Mississippi, Arkansas, Louisiana and the Indian territory and in Oklahoma and Texas east of the one-hundredth meridian /by John Kunkel Small. .. 1903 New York: The author, 1903. url p. 1333, p. 708.
• The American midland naturalist. Notre Dame, Ind., University of Notre Dame. url p. 471.
• The native flora of the vicinity of Cold Spring Harbor, L.I., New York. n.p., 1925 url p. 176.
• Torreya. Burlington, Vt., Torrey Botanical Club, 1901-1945. url p. 135, p. 160, p. 245, p. 83, p. 92.
• Transactions of the Illinois State Academy of Science. Springfield, Ill., Illinois State Academy of Science [etc.] url p. 150.
• Transactions of the Kentucky Academy of Science. [Lexington, Ky.]Kentucky Academy of Science, 1923-1997. url p. 146, p. 174.
• Vascular plants of the Sangamon River basin; annotated checklist and ecological summary [by] Almut G. Jones and David T. Bell. [Urbana], University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, College of Agriculture, [1974] url p. 37.

Notes

Contributors

• Bisby, F.A., Y.R. Roskov, M.A. Ruggiero, T.M. Orrell, L.E. Paglinawan, P.W. Brewer, N. Bailly, J. van Hertum, eds (2007). Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life: 2007 Annual Checklist. Species 2000: Reading, U.K.
• Brands, S.J. (comp.) 1989-present. The Taxonomicon. Universal Taxonomic Services, Zwaag, The Netherlands. Accessed January 31, 2012.
• Global Biodiversity Information Facility. Accessed June 03, 2007. http://www.gbif.org Mediated distribution data from provider.
• The International Plant Names Index. Accessed Jan 19, 2007.
• USDA, ARS, National Genetic Resources Program. Germplasm Resources Information Network - (GRIN) [Online Database]. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland. URL (April 26, 2008)
• World Checklist of Selected Plant FamiliesFeb 2, 2006.

Data Sources

Accessed through GBIF Data Portal November 15, 2007:

• Missouri Botanical Garden, Missouri Botanical Garden
• Oregon State University, Vascular Plant Collection
• School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Arizona State University Vascular Plant Herbarium
• Taiwan Biodiversity Information Facility, Taiwan Biodiversity Data for GBIF
• The Swedish Museum of Natural History
• , Lund Botanical Museum
• USDA PLANTS, USDA PLANTS Database
• University of Alabama Biodiversity and Systematics, Herbarium

Identifiers

• Biodiversity Heritage Library NamebankID: 2676200
• Catalogue of Life Accepted Name Code: Kew-38086
• Global Biodiversity Information Facility Taxonkey: 14240410
• Globally Unique Identifier: urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:340724-1
• GRIN Nomen Number: 402374
• Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS) Taxonomic Serial Number (TSN): 565061
• MoBot NameID: 50108535
• Natural Heritage Network Species Identifier: PDEUP0D1E0
• U.S.D.A. Plant Symbol: EUSU EUMA1
• Zipcode Zoo Species Identifier: 30174

Footnotes

1. Mean = 257.580 meters (845.079 feet), Standard Deviation = 273.150 based on 3,430 observations. Altitude information for each observation from British Oceanographic Data Centre. [back]

©2004-2012 David Stang. All rights reserved.