Common Names
Common Names in English:
Velvetleaf Glorybower
Description
Family Lamiaceae
Herbs, sometimes subshrubs
or shrubs
, annual
or perennial
, usually aromatic
. Stems and branches usually 4-angled. Leaves opposite, rarely whorled
or alternate, simple
to pinnately dissected
or compound
, without stipules. Inflorescences generally compound, sometimes flowers solitary and axillary
; verticillasters
2- to many flowered, subtended by leaves or bracts. Flowers bisexual
, zygomorphic, rarely subactinomorphic, bracteolate
or not. Calyx persistent
, 5-toothed, 2-lipped; upper lip 3-toothed or entire (deciduous in Scutellaria) ; lower lip 2- or 4-toothed; tube
sometimes hairy
annulate
inside. Corolla limb usually 2-lipped; upper lip 2-lobed and lower 3-lobed, rarely upper lip entire and lower 4-lobed, also rarely limb (4- or) 5-lobed; tube hairy annulate inside. Stamens epipetalous
, 4 or 2, free
, rarely filaments
connate
, sometimes one staminodial; anther
1- or 2-celled, usually dehiscing longitudinally; disc persistent. Ovary superior, 2-celled and each cell
2-ovuled and style subterminal
, or ovary 4-parted and each lobe
1-ovuled and style gynobasic (from bases
of ovary lobes) with 2-cleft apex. Fruit usually 4 dry nutlets
. Seeds with or without endosperm.
Approximately 3500 species in 220 genera, distributed worldwide, but mostly in the Mediterranean region and SW Asia. China has 807 species in 96 genera.[1]
Genus Clerodendrum
Shrubs
or small trees
, rarely subshrubs
or herbs, erect
or rarely climbing
, deciduous or evergreen
. Branchlets
usually 4-angled when young. Leaves simple
, opposite or rarely whorled
. Inflorescences loosely cymose
or capitate, in terminal
or rarely axillary
paniculate
thyrses
. Calyx campanulate
or cup-shaped, ca.
5-dentate or deeply 5-lobed. Corolla with a slender tube
; lobes
5, spreading
. Stamens 4, ± exserted. Ovary 4-locular; ovules pendulous or laterally attached. Style with 2 acute stigmatic
lobes. Fruiting calyx ± inflated
. Fruit a drupe with 4 1-seeded pyrenes, sometimes separating into 2 2-loculed or 4 1-locular mericarps.
About 400 species: mostly tropical
and subtropical
, few in temperate
Asia, Africa, and America; 34 species in China.[2]
Physical Description
Habit: Shrub , Tree
Biology
Reproduction
Duration: Perennial
Taxonomy
- Domain:
Eukaryota
(
)
- Whittaker & Margulis,1978
- eukaryotes
- Kingdom:
Plantae
(
)
- Haeckel, 1866
- Plants
- Subkingdom:
Viridaeplantae
(
)
- Cavalier-Smith, 1981
- Phylum:
Tracheophyta
(
)
- Sinnott, 1935 Ex Cavalier-Smith, 1998
- Vascular Plants
- Subphylum:
Euphyllophytina
(
)
- Infraphylum:
Radiatopses
(
)
- Kenrick & Crane, 1997
- Class:
Magnoliopsida
(
)
- Brongniart, 1843
- Dicotyledons
- Subclass:
Lamiidae
(
)
- Takhtajan Ex Reveal, 1992
- Superorder:
Lamianae
(
)
- Takhtajan, 1967
- Order:
Lamiales
(
)
- Bromhead, 1838
- Family:
Lamiaceae
(
)
- Lindley, 1836, Nom. Cons.
- Mint Family
- Subfamily:
Caryopteridoideae
(
)
- Genus:
Clerodendrum
(
)
- C. Linnaeus, 1753
- Glorybower
- Specific epithet:
macrostegium
- Schauer
- Botanical name: - Clerodendrum macrostegium Schauer
- Specific epithet:
macrostegium
- Schauer
- Genus:
Clerodendrum
(
- Subfamily:
Caryopteridoideae
(
- Family:
Lamiaceae
(
- Order:
Lamiales
(
- Superorder:
Lamianae
(
- Subclass:
Lamiidae
(
- Class:
Magnoliopsida
(
- Infraphylum:
Radiatopses
(
- Subphylum:
Euphyllophytina
(
- Phylum:
Tracheophyta
(
- Subkingdom:
Viridaeplantae
(
- Kingdom:
Plantae
(
Notes
Name
Status: Accepted Name
. Latest taxonomic
scrutiny: 15-Mar-2000
Place of publication
: A. L. P. P. de Candolle, Prodr. 11:666. 1847
Name verified on 11-Aug-2004 by ARS Systematic Botanists.
Similar Species
Members of the genus Clerodendrum
ZipcodeZoo has pages for 619 species, subspecies, varieties, forms, and cultivars in this genus. Here are just 100 of them:
C. abilioi · C. acerbianum · C. aculeatum (West Indian Privet) · C. aculeatumn · C. aculeatum gracilis · C. aculeatum var. gracile · C. aculeatum var. grandifolium · C. aculeatum var. guianense · C. aculeatum var. parvifolium · C. adenophysum · C. africanum · C. aggregatum · C. alatum · C. alboviolaceum · C. amicorum · C. amplifolium · C. amplius · C. anafense · C. angolense · C. anomalum · C. apayaoense · C. arenarium · C. arenarium var. macrocalyx · C. assurgens · C. attenuatum · C. aucubifolium · C. aucubifolium var. giganteum · C. aurantiacum · C. aurantium · C. bakeri · C. bakhuizeni · C. balfouri · C. baronianum · C. barteri · C. baumii · C. bellum · C. bequaerti · C. bequaertii · C. bernieri · C. bingaense · C. bipindense · C. blumeanum · C. bodinierii · C. boivinii · C. bolivianum · C. bosseri · C. botryodes · C. brachyanthum · C. brachypus · C. brachystemon · C. bracteatum · C. bracteatum var. bunnemeijeri · C. quadriloculare 'Brandonii' (Variegated Starburst Bush) · C. brassii · C. brazzavillense · C. brevicalyx · C. breviflorum · C. brookeanum · C. brunnescens · C. brunsvigioides · C. buchanani · C. buchananii · C. buchholzii · C. buchneri · C. buettneri · C. bukobense · C. bungei (Strong-Scented Glorybower) · C. bungei 'Herfstleu' · C. bungei 'Pink Diamond' · C. bungei var. megacalyx · C. buruanum · C. buxifolium · C. cabrae · C. caeruleum · C. caesium · C. calamitosum (White Butterfly) · C. calcicola · C. camagueyense · C. canescens · C. capense · C. capitatum · C. capitatum var. rhodesiense · C. capsulare · C. cardiophyllum · C. carnosulum · C. caryopteroides · C. castaneifolium · C. cauliflorum · C. cavaleriei · C. cavum · C. cecil-fischeri · C. cephalanthum · C. cephalanthum subsp. mashariki · C. cephalanthum subsp. swynnertonii · C. ceramense · C. chamaeriphes · C. chartaceum · C. chevalieri · C. chinense (Chinese Glory Bower) · C. chinense 'Pleniflorum'
More Info
- Search for Pictures: images.google.com
- Search for Scholarly Articles: Google Scholar
- Search using Scientific Name and Vernacular Names: All the Web | AltaVista Canada | AltaVista | Excite | Google | HotBot | Lycos
- Search using Specialized Databases: GenBank | Medline | Scirus | CISTI/CAL | Agricola Periodicals | Agricola Books
Further Reading
- Merrill, E. D. 1922–1926. An enumeration of Philippine flowering plants. (F Philipp)
- Wu Cheng-yih & Li Hsi-wen, eds. 1977. Labiatae. Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. 65(2): 1-649, 66: 1-647.
- P'ei Chien & Chen Shou-liang, eds. 1982. Verbenaceae. Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. 65(1): 1-229.
Notes
Contributors
- Bisby, F.A., Y.R. Roskov, M.A. Ruggiero, T.M. Orrell, L.E. Paglinawan, P.W. Brewer, N. Bailly, J. van Hertum, eds (2007). Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life: 2007 Annual Checklist. Species 2000: Reading, U.K.
- Brands, S.J. (comp.) 1989-2005. Systema Naturae 2000. The Taxonomicon. Universal Taxonomic Services, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. [http://sn2000.taxonomy.nl/Taxonomicon/]. Access date: Nov 23, 2005
- Global Biodiversity Information Facility. Accessed February 28, 2008. http://www.gbif.org Mediated distribution data from provider.
- USDA, ARS, National Genetic Resources Program. Germplasm Resources Information Network - (GRIN) [Online Database]. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland. URL (April 26, 2008)
- USDA, NRCS. 2005. The PLANTS Database, Version 3.5 (http://plants.usda.gov). National Plant Data Center, Baton Rouge, LA 70874-4490 USA.
Data Sources
Accessed through GBIF Data Portal February 28, 2008:
- Missouri Botanical Garden
Identifiers
- Biodiversity Heritage Library NamebankID: 2676209
- Catalogue of Life Accepted Name Code: ITS-565072
- GRIN Nomen Number: 446769
- Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS) Taxonomic Serial Number (TSN): 565072
- International Plant Names Index (IPNI) ID: 862235-1
- U.S.D.A. Plant Symbol: CLMA24
- Zipcode Zoo Species Identifier: 30249
Footnotes
- Xi-wen Li & Ian C. Hedge "Lamiaceae". in Flora of China Vol. 17 Page 50. Published by Science Press (Beijing) and Missouri Botanical Garden Press. Online at EFloras.org. [back]
- "Clerodendrum". in Flora of China Vol. 17 Page 34. Published by Science Press (Beijing) and Missouri Botanical Garden Press. Online at EFloras.org. [back]
