Daphne altaica

• Description
• Taxonomy
• Similar Species
• More Info
• Further Reading
• Notes

Description

Family Thymelaeaceae

Shrubs or small trees , rarely herbs, evergreen or deciduous. Bark tough and fibrous . Leaves opposite or alternate, rarely some ternate , estipulate; blade simple , entire, pinnately veined, articulate at base . Plants mostly bisexual , sometimes dioecious. Inflorescences terminal or subterminal , less often axillary , sometimes on brachyblasts , sessile or pedunculate , basically racemose, sometimes capitate, spicate , umbelliform, or fascicled. Flowers usually actinomorphic , bisexual or unisexual (plants then mostly dioecious), bracteate (sometimes bracts forming an involucre) or ebracteate , sessile or pedicellate . Calyx tubular , campanulate , or infundibuliform , usually corollalike, 4- or 5(or 6) -merous, mostly caducous , sometimes circumscissile, or persistent ; lobes imbricate. Petals absent or represented by 4-12 scales , inserted at or near throat of calyx tube (Aquilaria) . Stamens 2 to many, usually as many as calyx lobes and opposite them or twice as many. Hypognous disk usually present at base of ovary, scalelike, annular or cup-shaped, sometimes absent. Ovary superior, 1- or 2-loculed, sessile or shortly stipitate ; ovules solitary in each locule, pendulous, anatropous ; style filiform , caducous, sometimes very short or obscure , terminal or eccentric ; stigma capitate, globose , subglobose, subclavate, or pyramidal , sometimes papilose. Fruit mostly indehiscent, dry or fleshy , sometimes a loculicidal capsule (Aquilaria) . Seeds with or without endosperm, embryo straight.

About 48 genera and ca. 650 species: widely distributed in both hemispheres; nine genera and 115 species (89 endemic) in China.

The phloem contains very strong fibers, which make the bark of many species very suitable for the manufacture of high-quality paper such as that used for bank notes . The stems are extremely supple and difficult to break and are used as a substitute for string. Most species are poisonous and some are important medicinally.[1]

Genus Daphne

Shrubs or subshrubs , evergreen or deciduous. Branches glabrous or pubescent . Leaves mostly alternate, sometimes opposite; petiole short. Inflorescence usually terminal , sometimes axillary , capitate or shortly racemose, sometimes paniculate , racemose, or spicate , with or without involucre; peduncle short or absent. Flowers bisexual or unisexual (plants sometimes dioecious), 4- or 5-merous. Calyx tube white, pink, or yellow, rarely mauve , campanulate , cylindric , or slightly funnel-shaped, exterior glabrous or pubescent; lobes 4 or 5, erect or spreading , alternately longer and shorter. Petaloid appendages absent. Stamens twice as many as calyx lobes, in two series; filaments short or absent; anthers oblong , included ; connectives indistinct. Disk absent or annular , cup-shaped, sometimes elongated on one side. Ovary usually sessile or slightly stipitate , ovoid , 1-loculed; style terminal, short; stigma capitate. Fruit a succulent berry or dry and leathery, sometimes enclosed by persistent calyx, sometimes naked, usually red or yellow. Seed testa crustaceous , endosperm scanty or absent; cotyledons fleshy .

About 95 species: Asia, Europe; 52 species (41 endemic) in China.

Species of Daphne have long been valued by gardeners for their extremely fragrant flowers.[2]

Taxonomy

Notes

Publishing author : Pall. Publication : Fl. Ross. i. 53. t. 35.A tentatively accepted name in the RHS Horticultural Database.

Similar Species

Members of the genus Daphne

ZipcodeZoo has pages for 662 species, subspecies, varieties, forms, and cultivars in this genus. Here are just 100 of them:

D. abbreviata · D. acuminata · D. acutiloba · D. acutiloba 'Fragrant Cloud' · D. aff. giraldii · D. alba · D. alba anhuiensis · D. albiflora · D. albowiana · D. 'Alden's Regal Red' · D. 'Allison Carver' · D. alpestrivaga · D. alpina (Alpine Daphne) · D. alpina scopoliana · D. alpina subsp. scopoliana · D. altaica · D. altaica fasciculiflora · D. altaica Pall. var. longilobata Lecomte · D. altaica subsp. fasciculiflora · D. alternifolia · D. alternifolia var. multiflora · D. ambigua · D. americana · D. andina · D. androsaemifolia · D. angustifolia · D. angustiloba · D. angustissima · D. anhuiensis · D. anomala · D. aquilaria · D. arburescula · D. arbuscula (Daphne) · D. arbuscula arbuscula f. albiflora · D. arbuscula Celak. 'Compacta' · D. arbuscula 'Diva' · D. arbuscula f. albiflora · D. arbuscula f. grandiflora · D. arbuscula f. platyclada · D. arbuscula f. radicans · D. arbuscula 'Muran Pride' · D. arbuscula × cneorum var. verlotii · D. arbuscula × 'Leila Haines' · D. argentata · D. argentea · D. argyi · D. arisanensis · D. arvernensis · D. aurantiaca · D. aurantiaca var. calcicola · D. aurea · D. australis · D. austrocochinchinensis · D. autaretica · D. axillaris · D. axilliflora · D. baimashanensis · D. baimashanensis lungtzeensis · D. baksanica · D. balansae · D. bellojocensis · D. bholua (Paper Daphne) · D. bholua 'Alba' · D. bholua 'Darjeeling' · D. bholua emeiensis · D. bholua 'Glendoick' · D. bholua 'Gurkha' · D. bholua 'Jacqueline Postill' (Paper Daphne) · D. bholua 'Peter Smithers' · D. bholua 'Rupina La' · D. bholua 'Sheopuri' · D. bholua subsp. emeiensis · D. bholua var. glacialis · D. bholua var. glacialis 'Gurkha' · D. bholua Wakehurst form · D. bholua 'Winter Bliss' · D. bicornuta · D. blagayana (Blagays Daphne) · D. blagayana × sericea Collina Group · D. bodinieri · D. bonplandiana · D. bonplandiana var. mollis · D. brachyantha · D. brasiliensis · D. brevipaniculata · D. brevituba · D. brigantiaca · D. broteriana · D. buxifolia · D. cachemireana · D. calcicola · D. calcicola 'Gang-ho-ba' · D. calcicola 'Sichuan Gold' · D. calycina · D. candicans · D. candida · D. canescens · D. canescens capitatoracemosa · D. cannabina · D. cantabrica

More Info

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Further Reading

• Judd, Campbell, Kellog & Donoghue: Plant Systematics, a phylogenetic approach
• Huang Shuchung & Zhang Zerong. 1999. Thymelaeaceae. In: Ku Tsuechih, ed., Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. 52(1): 287-400.
• Huang Shuchung & Zhang Zerong. 1999. Thymelaeaceae. In: Ku Tsuechih, ed., Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. 52(1): 287-400.

Notes

Contributors

• Participants of the FFI/IUCN SSC Central Asian regional tree Red Listing workshop, Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan (11-13 July 2006) 2007. In IUCN 2008. 2008 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. IUCNRedList.org. Downloaded July 19, 2008.

Identifiers

• Biodiversity Heritage Library NamebankID: 5865826
• Global Biodiversity Information Facility Taxonkey: 15880813
• Globally Unique Identifier: urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:831137-1
• International Plant Names Index (IPNI) ID: 831137-1
• IUCN ID: 63507
• Zipcode Zoo Species Identifier: 732437

Footnotes

1. Yinzheng Wang, Michael G. Gilbert, Brian F. Mathew, Christopher Brickell & Lorin I. Nevling "Thymelaeaceae". in Flora of China Vol. 13 Page 213. Published by Science Press (Beijing) and Missouri Botanical Garden Press. Online at EFloras.org. [back]
2. Yinzheng Wang, Michael G. Gilbert, Brian F. Mathew & Christopher Brickell "Daphne". in Flora of China Vol. 13 Page 213, 215, 223, 230, 246. Published by Science Press (Beijing) and Missouri Botanical Garden Press. Online at EFloras.org. [back]

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