Overview
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Critically Endangered |
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Interesting Facts
- Faviero de Wilson (Dimorphandra wilsonii) is a Critically Endangered tree , found only in Minas Gerais State in southeast Brazil. There are only 10 mature trees and six juveniles growing in the wild, in the middle of pastures of Brachiaria (an alien invasive grass species), in a very deforested and fragmented region. The species is threatened by deforestation for charcoal production ; this is the most important threat to the Cerrado Biome. There is also deforestation for pasture establishment and any seedlings face competition from Brachiaria. People also deliberately eradicate this species because its seeds can be harmful to pregnant cattle. (Ref 100465)
Common Names
Common Names in English:
Enche-Cangalha, Faveira, Faveira-Da-Mata, Faveiro, Faveiro-Do-Cerrado
Description
Family Fabaceae
The Fabaceae are herbs, vines , shrubs , trees , and lianas found in both temperate and tropical areas. They comprise one of the largest families of flowering plants , numbering 630 genera and 18,000 species. The leaves are stipulate , nearly always alternate, and range from bipinnately or palmately compound to simple . The petiole base is commonly enlarged into a pulvinus that commonly functions in orientation of the leaves (sometimes very responsively, as in the sensitive plant, Mimosa pudica). The flowers are usually bisexual , actinomorphic to zygomorphic, slightly to strongly perigynous, and commonly in racemes , spikes, or heads . The perianth commonly consists of a calyx and corolla of 5 segments each. The androecium consists of commonly 1- many stamens (most commonly 10), distinct or variously united , sometimes some of them reduced to staminodes. The pistil is simple, often stipitate , comprising a single style and stigma, and a superior ovary with one locule containing 2-many marginal ovules. The fruit is usually a legume, sometimes a samara, loment, follicle, indehiscent pod, achene, drupe, or berry. The seeds often have a hard coat with hourglass-shaped cells , and sometimes bear a u-shaped line called a pleurogram. [Carr]
Subfamily Caesalpinioideae
Mostly trees or shrubs . Leaves mostly pinnate, sometimes bipinnate, rarely apparently simple . Corolla usually showy, zygomorphic, the petals imbricate, posterior (upper or banner ) petal innermost in bud. Stamens 10 or fewer, distinct , usually not showy, some commonly reduced to staminodes. Pollen released in monads . Seeds with u-shaped line (pleurogram) usually lacking. [Carr]
Physical Description
Habit: Tree • Climbing: Not Climbing
Habitat
Biome: Fresh water . Benthopelagic.
Ecology: Native
to the "Cerradão", the most dense and high physiognomy
(typology) of the Cerrado Biome (the Brazilian Savanna
), one of the worlds Hot Spots of biodiversity
.[1]
List of Habitats
: 2.2 Savanna - Moist
Biology
Reproduction
Duration: Perennial
Taxonomy
- Domain:
Eukaryota
(
)
- Whittaker & Margulis,1978
- eukaryotes
- Kingdom:
Plantae
()
- Haeckel, 1866
- Plants
- Subkingdom:
Viridaeplantae
()
- Cavalier-Smith, 1981
- Phylum:
Magnoliophyta
()
- Sinnott, 1935 Ex Cavalier-Smith, 1998
- Flowering Plants
- Subphylum:
Euphyllophytina
()
- Infraphylum:
Radiatopses
()
- Kenrick & Crane, 1997
- Class:
Magnoliopsida
()
- Brongniart, 1843
- Dicotyledons
- Subclass:
Rosidae
()
- Takhtajan, 1967
- Superorder:
Fabanae
()
- R. Dahlgren Ex Reveal, 1993
- Order:
Fabales
()
- Bromhead, 1838
- Family:
Fabaceae
()
- Lindley, 1836
- Bean Family
- Subfamily:
Caesalpinioideae
()
- Tribe:
Caesalpinieae
()
- Genus:
Dimorphandra
()
- Specific epithet:
wilsonii
- Rizzini
- Botanical name: - Dimorphandra wilsonii Rizzini
- Specific epithet:
wilsonii
- Rizzini
- Genus:
Dimorphandra
(
- Tribe:
Caesalpinieae
(
- Subfamily:
Caesalpinioideae
(
- Family:
Fabaceae
(
- Order:
Fabales
(
- Superorder:
Fabanae
(
- Subclass:
Rosidae
(
- Class:
Magnoliopsida
(
- Infraphylum:
Radiatopses
(
- Subphylum:
Euphyllophytina
(
- Phylum:
Magnoliophyta
(
- Subkingdom:
Viridaeplantae
(
- Kingdom:
Plantae
(
Notes
Name
Status: Accepted Name
. Latest taxonomic
scrutiny: Zarucchi J.L., 1993.
Place of publication
: Anais Acad. Brasil. Ci. 41(2):239. 1969
Similar Species
Members of the genus Dimorphandra
ZipcodeZoo has pages for 50 species, subspecies, varieties, forms, and cultivars in this genus:
D. biretusa · D. campinarum · D. caudata (Sucupira) · D. coccinea · D. conjugata (Apay-Wien) · D. cuprea (Arepillo) · D. cuprea cuprea · D. cuprea ferruginea · D. cuprea subsp. ferruginea (Arepillo) · D. cuprea subsp. velutina · D. cuprea velutina (Arepillo) · D. davisii (Mari-Yek) · D. dissimilis · D. ekmanii · D. exaltata (Cerejeira-Do-Paran) · D. excelsa · D. ferruginea · D. gardneriana (Barba Timao) · D. gigantea · D. guianensis · D. ignea · D. jorgei (Angelim Vermelho) · D. latifolia · D. loretensis · D. macrostachya (Ha-Wa-Kai-Yek) · D. macrostachya congestiflora (Ha-Wa-Kai-Yek) · D. macrostachya glabrifolia (Arariúba) · D. macrostachya macrostachya · D. macrostachya subsp. congestiflora (Ha-Wa-Kai-Yek) · D. macrostachya subsp. glabrifolia (Rabo-De-Arara) · D. mediocris · D. megacarpa · D. megistosperma · D. mollis (Barbatimao-Da-Folha-Mida) · D. mora · D. multiflora · D. oleifera · D. paraensis · D. parviflora (Faveira-Vermelha) · D. pennigera (Uadama-Kay-Yek) · D. pinnigera · D. polyandra (Awariechoedoe) · D. pullei (Fava-Uim-Amarela) · D. rufa · D. speciosa · D. unijuga · D. urubuensis · D. vernicosa (Faveira) · D. williamii · D. wilsonii (Faveiro-Do-Cerrado)
More Info
- Search for Pictures: images.google.com
- Search for Scholarly Articles: Google Scholar
- Search using Scientific Name and Vernacular Names: All the Web | AltaVista Canada | AltaVista | Excite | Google | HotBot | Lycos
- Search using Specialized Databases: GenBank | Medline | Scirus | CISTI/CAL | Agricola Periodicals | Agricola Books
Further Reading
- Alves, T.H.S. 2004. Biometria de frutos e sementes e germinação de Dimorphandra mollis e Dimorphandra wilsonii Rizz. 55th Congresso Nacional de Botânica. Viçosa. MG. Brasil.
- Heringer, E.P. and Ferreira, M.B. 1973. Ãrvores úteis da região geoeconômica do DF: Faveiro do Campo. O gênero Dimorphandra Schott. Cerrado 5(20): 26â31.
- Mendonça, M.P., Lins, l.V. (compilers). 2000. Lista vermelha das espécies ameaçadas de extinção da flora de Minas Gerais. Fundação Biodiversitas. Fundação Zoo-Botânica de Belo Horizonte. MG. Brasil. 55â63.
- Rizzini, C.T. 1969. Espécies novas de árvores do Planalto Central Brasileiro. Anais Academia Brasileira de. Ciências 41(2): 239â244.
- Rizzini, C.T. and Matos Filho, A. 1986. Espécies vegetais em extinção. Boletim da FBCN. 1986: 99â104.
- Santos, H.L. 1977 Espécies arbóreas responsáveis por intoxicação em bovinos. I: Dimorphandra mollis Benth. E D.wilsonii Rizz. Trabalhos do XXVI Congresso Nacional de Botânica., Acad. Bras. de Ciencias, RJ, pp. 573â585.
- Walter, K.S. and Gillett, H.J. (eds). 1998. 1997 IUCN Red List of Threatened Plants. Compiled by the World Conservation Monitoring Centre. IUCN - The World Conservation Union, Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK.
Notes
Contributors
- Bisby FA, Roskov YR, Orrell TM, Nicolson D, Paglinawan LE, Bailly N, Kirk PM, Bourgoin T, van Hertum J, eds (2008). Species 2000 and ITIS Catalogue of Life: 2008 Annual Checklist Taxonomic Classification. CD-ROM; Species 2000: Reading, U.K.
- ILDIS
- IUCN Red List of Threatened Species, Photo Gallery. Retrieved August 28, 2008.
- Moreira Fernandes, F. 2006. In IUCN 2008. 2008 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. IUCNRedList.org. Downloaded July 19, 2008.
- USDA, ARS, National Genetic Resources Program. Germplasm Resources Information Network - (GRIN) [Online Database]. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland. URL (May 05, 2008)
Identifiers
- Biodiversity Heritage Library NamebankID: 2838824
- Catalogue of Life Accepted Name Code: ILD-13897
- Global Biodiversity Information Facility Taxonkey: 13636442
- Globally Unique Identifier: urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:492601-1
- GRIN Nomen Number: 436119
- IUCN ID: 61926
- Zipcode Zoo Species Identifier: 402380
Footnotes
- Moreira Fernandes, F. 2006. In IUCN 2008. 2008 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. IUCNRedList.org. Downloaded July 19, 2008. [back]
