Elymus x pseudorepens

• Common Names
• Description
• Taxonomy
• Similar Species
• Bibliography
• More Info
• Notes

Common Names

Description

Family Poaceae

Annual or perennial herbs, or tall woody bamboos . Flowering stems (culms ) jointed , internodes hollow or solid; branches arising singly from nodes and subtended by a leaf sheath and 2-keeled prophyll, often fascicled in bamboos. Leaves arranged alternately in 2 ranks , differentiated into sheath, blade , and an adaxial erect appendage at sheath/blade junction (ligule) ; leaf sheath surrounding and supporting culm-internode, split to base or infrequently tubular with partially or completely fused margins , modified with reduced blade in bamboos (culm sheaths) ; leaf blades divergent, usually long, narrow and flat, but varying from inrolled and filiform to ovate , veins parallel, sometimes with cross-connecting veinlets (especially in bamboos) ; ligule membranous or a line of hairs . Inflorescence terminal or axillary , an open, contracted , or spikelike panicle, or composed of lax to spikelike racemes arranged along an elongate central axis, or digitate, paired , or occasionally solitary; axillary inflorescences often many, subtended by spatheoles (specialized bladeless leaf sheaths) and gathered into a leafy compound panicle; spikelets often aggregated into complex clusters in bamboos. Spikelets composed of distichous bracts arranged along a slender axis (rachilla) ; typically 2 lowest bracts (glumes ) empty, subtending 1 to many florets ; glumes often poorly differentiated from accompanying bracts in bamboos. Florets composed of 2 opposing bracts enclosing a single small flower, outer bract (lemma) clasping the more delicate, usually 2-keeled inner bract (palea) ; base of floret often with thickened prolongation articulated with rachilla (callus) ; lemma often with apical or dorsal bristle (awn ), glumes also sometimes awned . Flowers bisexual or unisexual ; lodicules (small scales representing perianth) 2, rarely 3 or absent, 3 to many in bamboos, hyaline or fleshy ; stamens 3 rarely 1, 2, 6, or more in some bamboos, hypogynous, filaments capillary , anthers versatile; ovary 1-celled, styles (1 or) 2(rarely 3), free or united at base, topped by feathery stigmas, exserted from sides or apex of floret. Fruit normally a dry indehiscent caryopsis with thin pericarp firmly adherent to seed, pericarp rarely free, fleshy in some bamboos; embryo small or large; hilum punctate to linear .

About 700 genera and 11,000 species: widely distributed in all regions of the world.Shou-liang Chen, De-Zhu Li, Guanghua Zhu, Zhenlan Wu, Sheng-lian Lu, Liang Liu, Zheng-ping Wang, Bi-xing Sun, Zheng-de Zhu, Nianhe Xia, Liang-zhi Jia, Zhenhua Guo, Wenli Chen, Xiang Chen, Yang Guangyao, Sylvia M. Phillips, Chris Stapleton, Robert J. Soreng, Susan G. Aiken, Nikolai N. Tzvelev, Paul M. Peterson, Stephen A. Renvoize, Marina V. Olonova & Klaus Ammann "Poaceae". in Flora of China Vol. 22. Published by Science Press (Beijing) and Missouri Botanical Garden Press. Online at EFloras.org.

Genus Elymus

Plants perennial , usually tufted , usually without, rarely with, rhizomes. Culms usually erect . Leaf sheath of cauline leaves split almost to base ; auricles present or absent; leaf blade flat or rolled. Spike erect to nodding . Spikelets 1 or 2(4) per node, sessile, rarely very shortly pedicellate , appressed to rachis, clearly laterally compressed , usually all similar, with 210 or more florets ; rachis tough. Glumes opposite or side-by-side, linear-lanceolate to lanceolate-ovate, firmly membranous to leathery, 19(11) -veined, not keeled , apex obtuse to shortly awned ; veins ± raised. Lemma lanceolate-oblong, rounded abaxially, 5-veined, ± pubescent , apex obtuse or acute to awned, rarely toothed ; veins connivent at apex; awn erect or reflexed . Palea shorter than or equaling lemma, apex retuse , subrounded, or acute. Caryopsis usually adherent to lemma and palea. x = 7.

About 170 species:temperate regions of both hemispheres, mainly in Asia; 88 species (62 endemic) in China.

The genus Roegneria should be referred to Elymus because of their many common characters, e.g. , plants usually tufted; spikelets usually all similar, 1 per node; lemma lanceolate-oblong, rounded abaxially, 5-veined, veins connivent at apex."Elymus". in Flora of China Vol. 22 Page 1, 386, 387, 400. Published by Science Press (Beijing) and Missouri Botanical Garden Press. Online at EFloras.org.

Taxonomy

Unambiguous Synonyms

1. Elymus pseudorepens
2. Elymus pseudorepens (Scribn. & J. G. Sm.) Barkworth & D. R. Dewey
3. Elymus pseudorepens Barkworth & D.R. Dewey, 1983 [1984]
4. Elymus x pseudorepens (Scribn. & J.G. Sm. (pro sp.) ) Barkworth & D.R. Dewey, 1983 [1984]

Similar Species

Members of the genus Elymus

There are approximately 919 species in this genus. Here are just 100 of them:

E. 'Blue Steel' · E. abolinii · E. abolinii var. nudiusculus · E. abolinii var. pluriflorus · E. acicularis · E. acutus · E. acutus nothosubsp. obtusiusculus · E. aegilopoides · E. aegyptiacus · E. aemulans · E. afghanicus · E. africanus · E. agropyroides · E. agropyroides var. brevimucronatus · E. akmolinensis · E. alaicus · E. alashanicus · E. alaskanus alaskanus (Alaskan Wheatgrass) · E. alaskanus islandicus · E. alaskanus kronokensis · E. alaskanus latiglumis (Alaskan Wheatgrass) · E. alaskanus sajanensis · E. alaskanus scandicus · E. alaskanus subalpinus · E. alaskanus subsp. borealis · E. alaskanus subsp. islandicus · E. alaskanus subsp. kronokensis · E. alaskanus subsp. latiglumis · E. alaskanus subsp. sajanensis · E. alaskanus subsp. scandicus · E. alaskanus subsp. subalpinus · E. alaskanus subsp. villosus · E. alaskanus var. islandicus · E. alaskanus villosus · E. alatavicus · E. alberti · E. albicans (Montana Wheatgrass) · E. albicans var. griffithsii · E. albowianus · E. aliena · E. alopex · E. alpinus · E. altaicus · E. altissimus · E. ambiguus var. salina · E. americanus · E. amurensis · E. andinus · E. angulatus · E. angustatus · E. angustifolius · E. angustifolius var. caespitosus · E. angustiformis · E. angustispiculatus · E. antarcticus · E. antarcticus f. agroelymoides · E. antarcticus var. fulvescens · E. anthosachnoides · E. anthosachnoides var. scabrilemmatus · E. antiquus · E. apricus · E. aralensis · E. araucanus · E. arcuatus · E. arenarius f. compositus · E. arenarius mollis · E. arenarius sabulosus · E. arenarius subsp. sabulosus · E. arenarius var. brevispicus · E. arenarius var. compositus · E. arenarius var. mollis · E. arenicolus · E. arenosus · E. aristiglumis · E. aristiglumis var. hirsutus · E. aristiglumis var. leianthus · E. arizonicus (Arizona Wheatgrass) · E. asiaticus · E. asiaticus longearistatus · E. asiaticus subsp. longearistatus · E. asper · E. athericus · E. atratus · E. attenuatus · E. auritus · E. australasicus · E. australis var. glabriflorus · E. badachschanicus · E. bakeri (Baker's Wheatgrass) · E. baldschuanicus · E. barbatus · E. barbicallus · E. barbicallus var. pubifolius · E. barbicallus var. pubinodis · E. barystachyus · E. batalinii · E. batalinii alaica · E. batalinii subsp. alaica · E. beijingensis · E. besczetnovae

Bibliography

• Chen Shouliang, Jin Yuexing, Zhuang Tide, Fang Wenzhe, Sheng Guoying, Liu Liang, Wu Zhenlan, Lu Shenglian, Sun Bisin, Hu Zhihao, Wang Song, Sun Xiangzhong, Wang Huiqin, Yang Xilin, Wang Chaopin, Li Binggui & Wen Shaobin. 1990. Gramineae (Poaceae) (4). In: Chen Shouliang, ed., Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. 10(1):1401
• Chen Shouliang, Zhuang Tide, Fang Wenzhe, Sheng Guoying, Jin Yuexing, Liu Liang, Sun Bisin, Hu Zhihao & Wang Song. 1997. Gramineae (Poaceae) (5). In: Chen Shouliang, ed., Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. 10(2): 1301
• Liu Liang, Zhu Taiping, Chen Wenli, Wu Zhenlan & Lu Shenglian. Gramineae (Poaceae) (2). In: Liu Liang, ed., Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. 9(2): 1405
• Lu Sheng-lian, Sun Yong-hua, Liu Shang-wu, Yang Yong-chang, Wu Zhen-lan, Kuo Pen-chao, Yang Hsi-ling, Wang Chao-pin & Tsui Nai-ran. 1987. Gramineae (3). In: Kuo Pen-chao, ed., Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. 9(3): 1329
• Wang Zhengping, Ye Guanghan, Yang Yaling, Yu Zehua, Hu Chenhua, Geng Bojie, Feng Xuelin, Jia Liangzhi, Xia Nianhe, Li Dezhu, Zhang Weiping, Xue Jiru, Zhu Zhengde, Zhao Qiseng, Chen Shouliang, Sheng Guoying, Chen Shaoyun, Yao Changyu, Lu Jionglin, Sun Jiliang, Lin Wantao, Yi Tongpei, Zhao Huiru, Wen Taihui & Dai Qihui. 1996. Gramineae (Poaceae) (1).

More Info

• Search for Pictures: images.google.com
• Search for Scholarly Articles: Google Scholar
• Search using Scientific Name and Vernacular Names: All the Web | AltaVista Canada | AltaVista | Excite | Google | HotBot | Lycos
• Search using Specialized Databases: GenBank | Medline | Scirus | CISTI/CAL | Agricola Periodicals | Agricola Books

Notes

Contributors

• Brands, S.J. (comp.) 1989-2006. Systema Naturae 2000. The Taxonomicon. Universal Taxonomic Services, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. Accessed October 4, 2006.
• Global Biodiversity Information Facility. Accessed September 18, 2006. http://www.gbif.org
• MBLWHOI Library: Universal Biological Index and Organizer. uBio.org accessed July 18, 2008.

Identifiers

• Biodiversity Heritage Library NamebankID: 473202
• Global Biodiversity Information Facility Taxonkey: 2440199
• Natural Heritage Network Species Identifier: PMPOA2H1J0
• Zipcode Zoo Species Identifier: 170075

Footnotes

©2004-2008 the BayScience Foundation, Inc. All rights reserved.