Overview
Interesting Facts
Common Names
Click on the language to view common names.
Common Names in Chinese:
Shui She Ma
Common Names in English:
Hairy Crabweed, Mulberry-Weed
Description
Family Moraceae
Trees
, shrubs
, vines
, or rarely herbs, frequently with milky
or watery latex, sometimes spiny
. Stipules present, frequently caducous
. Leaves alternate, rarely opposite; petiole
often present and well-defined; leaf blade
simple
, sometimes with cystoliths
, margin
entire or palmately lobed
, venation
pinnate or palmate. Inflorescences axillary
, frequently paired
, racemose, spicate
, capitate, or rarely cymose
, sometimes a fig or syconium with flowers completely enclosed within a hollow receptacle. Flowers unisexual
(plants
monoecious or dioecious), small to very small. Calyx lobes
(1 or) 2-4(-8), free
or connate
, imbricate or valvate
. Corolla absent. Male flowers: stamens as many as and opposite to calyx lobes (except in Artocarpus), straight or inflexed
in bud; anthers
1- or 2-loculed, crescent-shaped to top-shaped; pistillode
(rudimentary
sterile
pistil) often present. Female flowers: calyx lobes usually 4; ovary superior, semi-inferior, or inferior, 1(or 2) -loculed; ovules 1 per locule, anatropous
or campylotropous; style branches 1 or 2; stigmas usually filiform
. Fruit usually a drupe, rarely an achene, enveloped by an enlarged calyx and/or immersed
in a fleshy
receptacle, often joined into a syncarp. Seed solitary; endosperm present or absent.
Between 37 and 43 genera and 1100–1400 species: widespread in tropical
and subtropical
areas, less common in temperate
areas; nine genera and 144 species (26 endemic, five introduced
) in China.
Economically, the most important species are those of Morus and Maclura associated with the production
of silk
. Some species in Broussonetia, Maclura, and Morus are important for paper making; some species in Artocarpus, Ficus, and Morus have edible fruit; and some species of Artocarpus and Broussonetia are used for furniture or timber.[1]
Genus Fatoua
Herbs, annual
, caulescent
, taprooted; sap
not milky
. Leaves alternate; stipules caducous
, free
. Leaf blade
broadly ovate
, margins
toothed
; venation
nearly palmate. Inflorescences axillary
, capitate cymes, short-pedunculate, bracteate
. Flowers: staminate
and pistillate
on same plants
. Staminate flowers
: calyx 4-lobed; stamens 4, inflexed
. Pistillate flowers: calyx green, 4-lobed, pubescent
; ovary superior, oblique
, 1-locular; style unbranched, nearly lateral
. Syncarps globose
; each achene surrounded by its enlarged, persistent
calyx.
Species 2: North America, tropical
e Asia, Africa (Madagascar), Australia.[2]
Physical Description
Species Fatoua villosa
Herbs, to ca. 8 dm. Stems erect , branched, pubescent with hooked trichomes . Leaves: stipules linear to linear-lanceolate, 1.8-2.5 mm; petiole 1-6 cm, often ± as long as leaf blade . Leaf blade to 2.5-10 × 1-7 cm, papery , base cordate to truncate , margins crenate-dentate, apex acute to acuminate; surfaces abaxially and adaxially appressed-hirsute. Inflorescences cymes, dense, 4-8 mm wide, subtended by narrow bract; peduncle 1-2 cm. Flowers light green, staminate and pistillate in same cyme. Staminate flowers : calyx campanulate ; stamens exserted. Pistillate flowers: calyx boat-shaped; ovary globose , puberulent , somewhat depressed in axis; style reddish purple, filiform . Achenes white, oval , 3-angled, ca. 1 mm, minutely muricate , with 2 triangular, membranous appendages . Seeds explosively expelled. [source]
Habit: Forb/herb
Flowers: Bloom Period: May, June, July, August, September, October. • Flower Color: inconspicuous, near white, none, white
Habitat
Disturbed sites; 0-300 m ; introduced [3].
Typically found at an altitude of 0 to 418 meters (0 to 1,371 feet).[4]
Biology
Reproduction
Duration: Annual
Growth
Temperature: Cold Hardiness: 7a, 7b, 8a. (map)
Taxonomy
- Domain:
Eukaryota
(
)
- Whittaker & Margulis,1978
- eukaryotes
- Kingdom:
Plantae
(
)
- Haeckel, 1866
- Plants
- Subkingdom:
Viridaeplantae
(
)
- Cavalier-Smith, 1981
- Phylum:
Tracheophyta
(
)
- Sinnott, 1935 ex Cavalier-Smith, 1998
- Vascular Plants
- Subphylum:
Euphyllophytina
(
)
- Infraphylum:
Radiatopses
(
)
- Kenrick & Crane, 1997
- Class:
Magnoliopsida
(
)
- Brongniart, 1843
- Dicotyledons
- Class:
Magnoliopsida
(
- Infraphylum:
Radiatopses
(
- Subphylum:
Euphyllophytina
(
- Phylum:
Tracheophyta
(
- Subkingdom:
Viridaeplantae
(
- Kingdom:
Plantae
(
Synonyms
Urtica villosa Thunberg
Notes
Publishing author
: Nakai Publication
: Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 1927, xli.
516
Name
Status: Accepted Name
.
Last scrutiny: 15-Mar-2000
Similar Species
Members of the genus Fatoua
ZipcodeZoo has pages for 1 species, subspecies, varieties, forms, and cultivars in this genus:
More Info
- Search for Pictures: images.google.com
- Search for Scholarly Articles: Google Scholar
- Search using Scientific Name and Vernacular Names: All the Web | AltaVista Canada | AltaVista | Excite | Google | HotBot | Lycos
- Search using Specialized Databases: GenBank | Medline | Scirus | CISTI/CAL | Agricola Periodicals | Agricola Books
Further Reading
- Flora of Japan: in English: combined, much revised and extended translation / by the author of his Flora of Japan (1953) and Flora of Japan, Pteridophyta (1957); edited by Frederick G. Meyer and Egbert H. Walker. Washington: Smithsonian Institution, 1965. url p. 383.
- Journal of the Kentucky Academy of Science. Lexington, KY: The Academy, 1998- url , , , , p. 69, p. 70, p. 71, p. 72, p. 73.
- Tulane studies in zoology and botany. 21 1979 New Orleans: Tulane University, [1968- url p. 31, p. 56.
- Chang Siushih, Wu Chengyih & Cao Ziyu. 1998. Moroideae. In: Chang Siushih & Wu Chengyih, eds., Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. 23(1): 1219.
- Thieret, J. W. 1964. Fatoua villosa (Moraceae) in Louisiana: New to North America. Sida 1: 248.
- Vincent, M. A. 1993. Fatoua villosa (Moraceae), mulberry weed, in Ohio. Ohio J. Sci. 93: 147-149.
Notes
Contributors
- Brands, S.J. (comp.) 1989-present. The Taxonomicon. Universal Taxonomic Services, Zwaag, The Netherlands. Accessed January 11, 2012.
Data Sources
Accessed through GBIF Data Portal November 14, 2007:
- Australian National Herbarium
- , Australian National Herbarium
- Fairchild Tropical Botanic Garden, Fairchild Tropical Botanic Garden Virtual Herbarium Darwin Core format
- Missouri Botanical Garden, Missouri Botanical Garden
- National Institute of Genetics, ROIS, Herbarium Specimens of Museum of Nature and Human Activities, Hyogo Pref., Japan
- USDA PLANTS, USDA PLANTS Database
- University of Alabama Biodiversity and Systematics, Herbarium
Identifiers
- Biodiversity Heritage Library NamebankID: 2667094
- Catalogue of Life Accepted Name Code: ITS-502591
- Global Biodiversity Information Facility Taxonkey: 13759528
- Globally Unique Identifier: urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:583157-1
- GRIN Nomen Number: 419835
- Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS) Taxonomic Serial Number (TSN): 502591
- International Plant Names Index (IPNI) ID: 583157-1
- Natural Heritage Network Species Identifier: PDMOR09010
- U.S.D.A. Plant Symbol: FAVI
- Zipcode Zoo Species Identifier: 38725
Footnotes
- Zhengyi Wu, Zhe-Kun Zhou & Michael G. Gilbert "Moraceae". in Flora of China Vol. 5 Page 21. Published by Science Press (Beijing) and Missouri Botanical Garden Press. Online at EFloras.org. [back]
- "Fatoua". in Flora of North America Vol. 3. Oxford University Press. Online at EFloras.org. [back]
- "Fatoua villosa". in Flora of North America Vol. 3. Oxford University Press. Online at EFloras.org. [back]
- Mean = 23.290 meters (76.411 feet), Standard Deviation = 374.010 based on 76 observations. Altitude information for each observation from British Oceanographic Data Centre. [back]
