Gardenia brighamii

• Overview
• Common Names
• Description
• Biology
• Taxonomy
• Similar Species
• Bibliography
• More Info
• Notes

Overview

A rare tree , formerly from dry forest slopes on all of the major Hawaiian Islands except Kauai, now nearly extinct .

Critically Endangered

Common Names

Description

Family Rubiaceae

The Rubiaceae are trees , shrubs , or infrequently herbs comprising about 450 genera and 6,500 species, including some lianous forms. The leaves are simple and usually entire , and are opposite or sometimes whorled ; stipules are present and interpetiolar . The flowers are nearly always bisexual and actinomorphic , often heterostylous, and usually are in cymose inflorescences. The calyx is mostly somewhat reduced and 4-5-lobed or sometimes the lobes are obsolete or rarely one of them greatly expanded and brightly colored . The sympetalous corolla is mostly 4-5-lobed, occasionally with 3 or up to 10 lobes. The androecium consists of as many stamens as corolla lobes and is adnate to the corolla tube or epigynous zone, alternate with the lobes. The gynoecium consists of a single compound pistil of 2 or seldom more carpels, a single style , and a nearly always inferior ovary with the number of locules equaling the number of carpels, each with 1-many axile ovules. An epigynous nectary disk is usually present. The fruit is variable, sometimes forming multiples . -- Gerald Carr.

Physical Description

Habitat

Ecology: A perennial shrub or tree of low elevation dry forest . (Ref. 82910)


List of Habitats :1.5Forest - Subtropical/Tropical Dry 3.5Shrubland - Subtropical/Tropical Dry

Biology

Reproduction

Duration: Perennial

Taxonomy

Unambiguous Synonyms

1. Gardenia brighamii Mann

Notes

Name Status: Accepted Name .

Place of publication : Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 7:171. 1867

Name verified on 08-Jul-1994 by ARS Systematic Botanists. Last updated: 28-Aug-2007

Similar Species

Members of the genus Gardenia

There are approximately 266 species in this genus. Here are just 100 of them:

G. 'Ulu-Lani' · G. actinocarpa · G. affinis · G. africana · G. alba · G. anapetes · G. angkorensis · G. angusta (Cape Jasmine) · G. anisophylla var. subsessile · G. annamensis · G. aqualla · G. archboldiana · G. ardisiaefolia · G. artensis · G. atrosperma · G. aubryi · G. augusta'Veitchii' · G. augusta 'Vietnam Snowflake' (Vietnam Snowflake Gardenia) · G. augusta f. shanpinensis · G. australis · G. balansaeana · G. barnesii · G. bignoniaeflora · G. bispinosa · G. bonfigliori · G. boninensis · G. brachythamnus · G. brighamii (Forest Gardenia) · G. buffalina · G. cambodiana · G. candida · G. carinata · G. carstensensis · G. cerifera · G. chartacea var. chartacea · G. chevalieri · G. cinerascens · G. cinerescens · G. clemensia · G. clemensiae · G. clusiaefolia · G. collinsae · G. colnettiana · G. conferta · G. cornifolia · G. cornuta (Horned Gardenia) · G. coronaria · G. coronata (Golden Pinwheel) · G. costulata · G. crameri · G. cruciata · G. cuneata · G. cunliffae · G. dacryoides · G. decaryi · G. deplanchei · G. discolor · G. dolichanta · G. dolichantha · G. elegantissima · G. epiphytica · G. erubescens · G. esculenta · G. ewartii · G. ewartii fitzgeraldii · G. ewartii subsp. fitzgeraldii · G. fagifolia · G. faucicola · G. fiorii · G. fitzalani · G. flava · G. foetida · G. forbesii · G. fosbergii · G. fucata · G. fusca · G. gardneri · G. gjellerupii · G. gordoni · G. gordonii · G. grandis · G. grievei · G. griffithii · G. gummifera · G. hageniana · G. hainanensis · G. hansemannii · G. hexagona · G. hexandra · G. hillii · G. hutchinsoniana · G. imperialis · G. imperialis physophylla · G. imperialis subsp. physophylla · G. insularis · G. integra · G. invaginata · G. ixoraefolia · G. ixorifolia · G. jabiluka

Bibliography

• (2002). Hawaiian Native Plant Genera. ¬ Gerald D. Carr, University of Hawaii Botany Department. http://www.botany.hawaii.edu/faculty/carr/natives.htm. Accessed: 2002.
• 1985. Endangered Species. AABGA Newsletter. pp. 5.
• Huppman, Liz. 1995. Hawa'i's Gardenias. The Kukui Leaf. 22: 6-7.
• IUCN. 2003. 2003 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. www.iucnredlist.org. Downloaded on 18 November 2003.
• Kartesz, J. T. 1994. A synonymized checklist of the vascular flora of the United States, Canada, and Greenland. (L US Can ed2)
• Kartesz, J.T. 1999. A synonymized checklist of the vascular flora of the U.S., Canada, and Greenland. In: Kartesz, J.T.; Meacham, C.A., editors. Synthesis of the North American Flora, Version 1.0. North Carolina Botanical Garden. Chapel Hill, NC.
• MISC. 2001. Maui Invasive Species Committee (MISC), Pulling Together Initiative. 2002 Project Proposal. Submitted to the National Fish and Wildlife Foundation. p.14.
• NatureServe. 2003. NatureServe Explorer: An online encyclopedia of life [web application]. Version 1.8. NatureServe, Arlington, Virginia. (Accessed: October 20, 2003).
• Oldfield, S., Lusty, C. and MacKinven, A. (compilers) 1998. The World List of Threatened Trees. World Conservation Press, Cambridge, UK.
• Sohmer, S.H.; Gustafson, R. 1987. Plants and Flowers of Hawaii. Honolulu, HI: University of Hawaii Press. 160p.
• St. John, H. 1973. List and summary of the flowering plants in the Hawaiian islands. (L Hawaii)
• U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. 2003. Rare plant database. Unpublished.
• USFWS. 1984. Hawaiian Gardenia Proposed for Endangered Listing. Endangered Species Technical Bulletin. 9, 11: 5, 7.
• USFWS. 1985. Determination of endangered status for Gardenia brighamii (na'u or Hawaiian gardenia) and withdrawl of proposed designation of critical habitat. Federal Register. 50, 162: 33728-33731.
• USFWS. 2001. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Species List. March 30, 2000. Honolulu: Unpublished. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. p.19.
• United States Fish and Wildlife Service. U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service. Species Information: threatened and endangered animals and plants - on-line resource. (US Fish & Wildl List)
• Wagner, W. L. et al. 1990. Manual of the flowering plants of Hawai'i. (F Hawaii)
• Wagner, W. L. et al. 1999. Hawaiian vascular plants at risk:1999. Bishop Mus. Occas. Pap. 60:45.
• Wagner, W., Herbst, D. and Sohmer S. 1999. Manual of the Flowering Plants of Hawaii. Bernice Pauahi Bishop Museum Special Publication 91: 1-1918.
• Wagner, W., Herbst, D. and Sohmer, S. 1990. Manual of the flowering plants of Hawaii. University of Hawaii Press, Bishop Museum Press, Honolulu.
• Wagner, W.L.; Herbst, D.R.; Sohmer, S.H. 1999. Manual of the flowering plants of Hawai'i--Revised Edition. Honolulu, HI: University of Hawaii Press and Bishop Museum Press. 1853p.
• Whitten, Harry. 1985 January 14. The Rare Hawaiian Gardenia. Honolulu Star-Bulletin; Honolulu.
• Yoshinaga, Alan. (2002). Seed storage characteristics of Hawaiian species. [Web site] University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii 96848. http://www.hawaii.edu/scb/seed/seedtabl.html. Accessed: 2002.

More Info

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Notes

Contributors

• Bruegmann, M.M. & Caraway, V. 2003. In IUCN 2008. 2008 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. IUCNRedList.org. Downloaded July 19, 2008.
• Global Biodiversity Information Facility. Accessed December 04, 2007. http://www.gbif.org Mediated distribution data from 3 providers.
• MBLWHOI Library: Universal Biological Index and Organizer. uBio.org accessed July 17, 2008.
• USDA, ARS, National Genetic Resources Program. Germplasm Resources Information Network - (GRIN) [Online Database]. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland. URL (April 28, 2008)

Data Sources

Accessed through GBIF Data Portal December 04, 2007:

• Bernice Pauahi Bishop Museum, Bishop Museum Natural History Specimen Data
• USDA PLANTS, USDA PLANTS Database

Identifiers

• Biodiversity Heritage Library NamebankID: 2657081
• Catalogue of Life Accepted Name Code: ITS-35160
• Global Biodiversity Information Facility Taxonkey: 14242045
• Globally Unique Identifier: urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:750931-1
• GRIN Nomen Number: 320292
• Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS) Taxonomic Serial Number (TSN): 35160
• IUCN ID: 30927
• Natural Heritage Network Species Identifier: PDRUB0P010
• U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Species Identifier: Q1WJ
• U.S.D.A. Plant Symbol: GABR
• Zipcode Zoo Species Identifier: 40322

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