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Hackelia brevicula

(Poison Canyon Stickseed)

Overview

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Threatened
Threat status

Common Names

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Common Names in English:

Poison Canyon Stickseed

Description

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Family Boraginaceae

Herbs perennial , biennial, or annual , less often lianas, shrubs , or trees , usually bristly or scabrous-pubescent. Leaves simple , exstipulate , alternate, rarely opposite, entire or serrate at margin . Inflorescences often double scorpioid cymes, rarely solitary; bracts present or absent. Flowers bisexual , actinomorphic , rarely zygomorphic. Calyx usually 5-parted or lobed , mostly persistent . Corolla tubular , campanulate , rotate, funnelform , or salverform ; tube appendages 5, rarely more, mostly trapeziform, rarely absent, sometimes a ring of hairs present; limb usually 5-parted; lobes overlapping, rarely twisted in bud. Stamens 5, inserted on corolla tube or rarely at throat , included or rarely exserted; anthers introrse , 2-loculed, usually dorsifixed at base , less often medifixed , dehiscence longitudinal . Nectaries at base of corolla tube or on disc below ovary. Ovary superior, 2-carpellate; locules 2 and each with 2 ovules, or 4 and each with 1 ovule; ovules nearly atropous , semianatropous, or anatropous . Style terminal or gynobasic , branched or not. Gynobase flat, fastigiate , or subulate . Fruit 1-4-seeded drupes or nutlets (mericarps) ; nutlets mostly dry, often ornamented with wings, prickles and/or glochids (stiff bristles with barbed or anchorlike tips ) . Seeds vertical or oblique , coat membranous; embryo straight, less often curved ; cotyledons flat, fleshy .

About 156 genera and 2500 species: temperate and tropical regions , centered in the Mediterranean region; 47 genera and 294 species in China, of which four genera and 156 species are endemic.[1]

Genus Hackelia

Herbs perennial or annual , appressed strigose or villous , 20-100 cm tall. Leaves alternate, green, large, thin. Inflorescences rarely solitary, terminal , not branched or paniculate . Fruiting pedicel deflexed . Calyx 5-parted to base or nearly so; lobes enlarged in fruit, vertical to reflexed . Corolla blue, light blue, or light purple, rarely yellow or white, campanulate-rotate to campanulate-tubular; throat with appendages , rarely appendages obscure or absent; lobes 5, imbricate in bud, vertical or divaricate at anthesis . Stamens inserted on corolla, included ; anthers orbicular , ovate to oblong . Style and stigma solitary, usually not exceeding nutlets . Gynobase short pyramidal , to 2-3 mm. Nutlets 4, all or some developed, turbinate to ovoid , triangular-ovoid and dorsally compressed , marginal rib with compressed triangular to lanceolate glochids.

About 45 species: mainly in temperate regions of the Northern Hemisphere, and Central and South America; three species in China.

Lian & Wang (Acta Phytotax. Sin. 18: 514-520. 1980; Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. 64(2) : 116-151. 1989) argued that the differences between Eritrichium and Hackelia are insufficient to keep them as separate genera. However, the gynobase in Eritrichium is cushion-shaped, to 1 mm high, while in Hackelia it is distinctly conical and 2-3 mm high. It is likely that other species from China listed under Eritrichium will need to be transferred to Hackelia in the future.[2]

Physical Description

Habit: Forb/herb

Biology

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Reproduction

Duration: Perennial

Taxonomy

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Notes

Name Status: Accepted Name . Latest taxonomic scrutiny: 15-Mar-2000

Similar Species

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Members of the genus Hackelia

ZipcodeZoo has pages for 87 species, subspecies, varieties, forms, and cultivars in this genus:

H. americana · H. amethystima · H. amethystina (Howell´s Stickseed) · H. andicola · H. angustifolia · H. arida · H. bella (Greater Showy Stickseed) · H. besseyi (Bessey's Stickseed) · H. bhutanica · H. brachytuba · H. brevicula (Poison Canyon Stickseed) · H. caerulescens · H. californica (California Stickseed) · H. ciliata (Okanogan Stickseed) · H. cinerea (Gray Stickseed) · H. costaricensis · H. cottonii · H. cronquistii (Cronquist's Stickseed) · H. cusickii (Cusick's Stickseed) · H. davisii (Davis' Stickseed) · H. deflexa (Northern Stickseed) · H. deflexa americana · H. deflexa var. americana (American Stickseed) · H. dielsii · H. difformis · H. diffusa (Spreading Stickseed) · H. diffusa var. arida (Sagebrush Stickseed) · H. diffusa var. cottonii (Cotton's Stickseed) · H. diffusa var. diffusa (Spreading Stickseed) · H. echinocarya · H. elegans · H. floribunda (Davis Mountain Stickseed) · H. glochidiata · H. gracilenta (Mesa Verde Stickseed) · H. grisea · H. guatemalensis · H. heliocarpa · H. hendersonii · H. hirsuta (New Mexico Stickseed) · H. hispida (Rough Stickseed) · H. hispida var. disjuncta (Rough Stickseed) · H. hispida var. hispida (Showy Stickseed) · H. ibapensis (Deep Creek Stickseed) · H. jessicae · H. leonotis · H. leptophylla · H. macrophylla · H. mexicana · H. micrantha (Jessica Sticktight) · H. minima · H. mundula (Pink Stickseed) · H. murgabica · H. nelsonii · H. nervosa (Sierran Stickseed) · H. nipponica · H. ophiobia (Owyhee River Stickseed) · H. pamirica · H. parviflora · H. patens (Johnston Stickseed) · H. patens var. harrisonii (Harrison's Stickseed) · H. patens var. patens (Spotted Stickseed) · H. pinetorum (Livermore Stickseed) · H. pinetorum var. jonesii (Jones' Stickseed) · H. pinetorum var. pinetorum (Livermore Stickseed) · H. popovii · H. rattanii · H. revoluta · H. revoluta f. fiebrigii · H. revoluta f. ovatifolia · H. roylei · H. saxatilis · H. scaberrima var. angustata · H. setosa (Bristly Stickseed) · H. sharsmithii (Sharsmith's Stickseed) · H. skutchii · H. stewartii · H. stricta · H. strigosa · H. thymifolia · H. uncinata · H. ursina (Chihuahuan Stickseed) · H. ursina var. diaboli (Chihuahuan Stickseed) · H. ursina var. pustulata (Chihuahuan Stickseed) · H. ursina var. ursina (Chihuahuan Stickseed) · H. velutina (Velvety Stickseed) · H. venusta (Lesser Showy Stickseed) · H. virginiana (Virginia Stickseed)

More Info

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Further Reading

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Notes

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Contributors

Data Sources

Accessed through GBIF Data Portal February 28, 2008:

Identifiers

Footnotes

  1. Gelin Zhu, Harald Riedl & Rudolf V. Kamelin "Boraginaceae". in Flora of China Vol. 16 Page 329. Published by Science Press (Beijing) and Missouri Botanical Garden Press. Online at EFloras.org. [back]
  2. "Hackelia". in Flora of China Vol. 16 Page 390. Published by Science Press (Beijing) and Missouri Botanical Garden Press. Online at EFloras.org. [back]
Last Revised: 7/2/2009