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Houstonia caerulea

(Azure Bluet, Mountain Bluets, Quaker Ladies)

Taxonomy

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Unambiguous Synonyms:

  1. Anotis coerulea (L.) G.Don
  2. Anotis gentianoides (Endl.) Walp.
  3. Hedyotis brachiata Miq. ex Hook.f.
  4. Hedyotis caerulea (L.) Hook.
  5. Hedyotis caerulea forma albiflora (Millsp.) Fosberg
  6. Hedyotis caerulea forma benkei Fosberg
  7. Hedyotis caerulea var. faxonorum (Pease & A.H.Moore) Fosberg
  8. Hedyotis caerulea var. minor (Michx.) Torr. & A.Gray
  9. Hedyotis gentianoides Endl.
  10. Houstonia caerulea var. elatior (Michx.) Pursh
  11. Houstonia caerulea var. faxoniorum Pease & A.H.Moore
  12. Houstonia caerulea var. faxonorum Pease & A.H.Moore
  13. Houstonia caerulea var. piersii Barbour
  14. Houstonia caerulea var. toxonorum Stevens
  15. Houstonia faxonorum (Pease & A.H.Moore) Fernald
  16. Houstonia grandiflora Raf.
  17. Houstonia linnaei Michx.
  18. Houstonia linnaei var. elatior Michx.
  19. Houstonia pusilla J.F.Gmel.
  20. Houstonia serpyllifolia Graham
  21. Oldenlandia caerulea (L.) A.Gray
  22. Oldenlandia caerulea var. patens (J.L.Ellis) M.Gómez
  23. Poiretia erecta J.F.Gmel.

Notes:

Publishing author: Endl. Publication: Repert. Bot. Syst. (Walpers) 4: 230 1847

Publishing author: G.Don Publication: Gen. Hist. iii. 535

Name Status: Accepted Name. Latest taxonomic scrutiny: Govaerts R., 11-Nov-2003

Place of publication: Sp. pl. 1:105. 1753

Name verified on 12-Mar-1996 by ARS Systematic Botanists. Last updated: 12-Mar-1996

Physical Description

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Habit: Forb/herb

Flowers: Bloom Period: April, May, June, July, August. • Flower Color: light blue, near white, white

Images:

Distribution

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Range and Population

E. Canada to E. U.S.A.

Native: Alabama, Arkansas, Connecticut, Delaware, Georgia, Illinois, Indiana, Kentucky, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, North Carolina, Nova Scotia, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, South Carolina, Tennessee, Vermont, Virginia, West Virginia, Wisconsin.

Reproduction

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Duration: Perennial

Growth

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Culture: Space 6-9" apart.

Soil: Minimum pH: 5.6 • Maximum pH: 6.5

Sunlight: Sun Exposure: Sun to Partial Shade.

Temperature: Cold Hardiness: 3a, 3b, 4a, 4b, 5a, 5b, 6a, 6b, 7a, 7b, 8a, 8b. (map)

Similar Species

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Members of the genus Houstonia:

There are approximately 84 species, subspecies, varieties, forms, and cultivars in this genus: H. pusilla · H. acerosa (Needleleaf Bluet) · H. acerosa acerosa (Needle-Leaf Bluet) · H. acerosa polypremoides (Needleleaf Bluet) · H. acerosa var. acerosa · H. acerosa var. polypremoides (Needleleaf Bluet) · H. acerosa var. tamaulipana · H. angustifolia var. filifolia · H. asperula · H. asperula var. brandegeana · H. asperuloides var. bradegeana · H. asperuloides var. brandegeana · H. asperuloidis · H. biloba · H. brandegeana · H. caerulea (Azure Bluet) · H. caerulea 'Clone One' (Quaker Ladies) · H. caerulea f. albiflora · H. canadensis (Canadian Summer Bluet) · H. cervantesii · H. chlorantha · H. coerulea · H. coerulea var. elatior · H. coerulea var. toxonorum · H. correllii (Correll's Bluet) · H. crocea · H. croftiae (Croft's Bluet) · H. fasciculata (Cluster Bluet) · H. filifolia · H. galeottii · H. geniculata · H. gracilis · H. gracillima · H. greenei (Greene's Bluet) · H. humifusa (Mat Bluet) · H. humisfusa · H. kingii · H. lanceolata f. albiflora · H. lanceolata var. calycosa · H. latifolia · H. longifolia (Long-Leaf Summer Bluet) · H. longifolia var. longifolia · H. longifolia var. tenuifolia · H. macvaughii · H. michauxii · H. michauxii 'Fred Mullard' · H. micrantha (Southern Bluet) · H. montana var. montana · H. ouachitana (Ouachita Bluet) · H. palmeri · H. palmeri var. muzquizana · H. palmeri var. palmeri · H. parviflora (Greenman's Bluet) · H. polypremnoides · H. procumbens (Fairy Footprints) · H. prostrata (New Mexico Starviolet) · H. pulvinata var. pulvinata · H. purpurea (Large-Flowered Bluets) · H. purpurea f. pubescens · H. purpurea var. calycosa · H. purpurea var. calycosa Gray · H. purpurea var. montana · H. purpurea var. montana (Small) Terrell (Mountain Bluet) · H. purpurea var. purpurea · H. purpurea var. purpurea L. · H. pusilla (Least Bluets) · H. pusilla f. albiflora · H. pusilla f. rosea · H. pygnaea · H. reticulata · H. rosea (Rose Bluet) · H. rubra (Red Bluet) · H. salenia · H. serpyllifolia (Michaux Bluet) · H. serpyllifolia f. alba · H. sharpii · H. spellenbergii · H. stenophylla · H. stenophylla var. parviflora · H. subviscosa (Nodding Bluet) · H. tenuifolia f. leucantha · H. teretifolia · H. terrellii · H. wrightii (Pygmy Bluet)

Bibliography

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  • Encke, F. et al. 1984. Zander: Handwörterbuch der Pflanzennamen, 13. Auflage. (Zander ed13)
  • Huxley, A., ed. 1992. The new Royal Horticultural Society dictionary of gardening. (Dict Gard)
  • Jones, G. N. & G. D. Fuller. 1955. Vascular plants of Illinois. (F IllJones)
  • Terrell, E. E. 1996. Revision of Houstonia (Rubiaceae-Hedyotideae). Syst. Bot. Monogr. 48:23.

More Info

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Notes

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Contributors:

  • Bisby, F.A., Y.R. Roskov, M.A. Ruggiero, T.M. Orrell, L.E. Paglinawan, P.W. Brewer, N. Bailly, J. van Hertum, eds (2007). Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life: 2007 Annual Checklist. Species 2000: Reading, U.K.
  • Global Biodiversity Information Facility. Accessed November 19, 2007. http://www.gbif.org Mediated distribution data from 5 providers.
  • The International Plant Names Index. Accessed Jan 19, 2007.
  • USDA, ARS, National Genetic Resources Program. Germplasm Resources Information Network - (GRIN) [Online Database]. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland. URL (April 28, 2008)
  • World Checklist of Selected Plant FamiliesFeb 2, 2006.

Data Sources:

Accessed through GBIF Data Portal November 19, 2007:

Identifiers:

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Last Revised: May 24, 2008