Common Names
Click on the language to view common names.
Common Names in Chinese:
Xi Lie Shan Hu You Tong (Taiwan)
Common Names in English:
Coral Bush, Coral Plant, Coralbush, Coralplant, French Physicnut, Guatemala Rhubarb, Jatropha Tree, Physic Nut, Physic Nute, Spanish Physicnut
Common Names in French:
Médicinier, Médicinier Espagnol, Pignon D´inde, Plante Bouteille
Common Names in Japanese:
Yatorofa Muruchifida
Common Names in Portuguese:
Flor-De-Coral
Common Names in Russian:
Iatrofa Mul´tifida, Iatrofa Rassechennaia, Korallovoe Derevo
Common Names in Spanish:
árnica, árvore Coral, árvore De Bálsamo, árvore De Coral, árvore Dos Corais, Avellano Purgante, Cabalonga, Cabalongo, Ceibilla, Chayo Coral, Chicaquil, Coral Dos Jardins, Coral Vegetal, Dontomás, Emético Vegetal, Flor De Coral, Flor De Sangre, ManÁ, Nuez Vómica Cubana, Palo De Fraile, Piñón De España, Piñón Extranjero, Piñón Vómico, Tártago Chicaquil, Tártago Emético, Tártara, Tártaro, Yuca Cimarrona
Common Names in Thai:
Fin Ton, Ma Hung Daeng (Northern Thailand), Malako Farang (Bangkok)
Description
Family Euphorbiaceae
The Euphorbiaceae are mostly monoecious herbs, shrubs , and trees , sometimes succulent and cactus-like, comprising one of the largest families of plants with about 300 genera and 7,500 species that are further characterized by the frequent occurrence of milky sap . The leaves are mostly alternate but may be opposite or whorled and they are simple , or compound , or sometimes highly reduced. Stipules are generally present but may be reduced to hairs , glands or spines. The flowers are unisexual and usually actinomorphic . They may be highly reduced by suppression of parts, in the extreme form consisting of a naked stamen as a male flower and a naked pistil as a female flower. A specialized type of miniature inflorescence called a cyathium occurs in about 1,500 species comprising the genera Euphorbia and Chamaesyce. The cyathium consists of a single naked pistillate flower surrounded by cymes of naked staminate flowers, each consisting of a single stamen. These flowers are all enclosed in a cup-like involucre that typically is provided with peripheral nectaries and petaloid appendages such that the whole aggregation closely resembles a single flower. In other members of the family the flowers and inflorescences are more ordinary in appearance , with male and female flowers typically bearing a 5-merous calyx and corolla of distinct segments, although the corolla is sometimes absent. In these forms the androecium most commonly consists of 5, 10 or sometimes numerous distinct or monadelphous stamens. The gynoecium of female flowers consists of a single compound pistil of typically 3 carpels, an equal number of styles or primary style branches, and a superior ovary with typically 3 locules, each bearing 1 or 2 collateral , axile-apical pendulous ovules. The fruit is usually a capsular schizocarp. -- Gerald Carr.
Physical Description
Habit: Tree , Shrub
Flowers: Bloom Period: June. • Flower Color: red
Size/Age/Growth
Size: 6-8' tall.
Habitat
Typically found in the intertidal zone at the water's edge at a mean distance from sea level of -242 meters (-794 feet).Standard Deviation = 606.070 based on 16 observations. Terrestrial altitude and ocean depth information for each observation from British Oceanographic Data Centre.
Biology
Reproduction
Duration: Perennial
Growth
Soil: Minimum pH: 6.6 • Maximum pH: 7.8
Sunlight: Sun Exposure: Sun to Partial Shade.
Temperature: Cold Hardiness: 9b, 10a, 10b, 11. (map)
Taxonomy
- Domain:
Eukaryota
(
)
- Whittaker & Margulis,1978
- Kingdom:
Plantae
(
)
- Haeckel, 1866
- Plants
- Subkingdom:
Viridaeplantae
(
)
- Cavalier-Smith, 1981
- Phylum:
Magnoliophyta
(
)
- Sinnott, 1935 Ex Cavalier-Smith, 1998
- Flowering Plants
- Subphylum:
Euphyllophytina
(
)
- Infraphylum:
Radiatopses
(
)
- Kenrick & Crane, 1997
- Class:
Magnoliopsida
(
)
- Brongniart, 1843
- Dicotyledons
- Subclass:
Dilleniidae
(
)
- Takhtajan, 1967
- Superorder:
Euphorbianae
(
)
- Takhtajan Ex Reveal, 1992
- Order:
Euphorbiales
(
)
- Lindley, 1833
- Family:
Euphorbiaceae
(
)
- J.f. Gmelin, 1777, Nom. Cons.
- Spurge Family
- Subfamily:
Crotonoideae
(
)
- Tribe:
Jatropheae
(
)
- Genus:
Jatropha
(
)
- Linnaeus, 1753
- Specific epithet:
multifida
- L.
- Botanical name: - Jatropha multifida L.
- Specific epithet:
multifida
- L.
- Genus:
Jatropha
(
- Tribe:
Jatropheae
(
- Subfamily:
Crotonoideae
(
- Family:
Euphorbiaceae
(
- Order:
Euphorbiales
(
- Superorder:
Euphorbianae
(
- Subclass:
Dilleniidae
(
- Class:
Magnoliopsida
(
- Infraphylum:
Radiatopses
(
- Subphylum:
Euphyllophytina
(
- Phylum:
Magnoliophyta
(
- Subkingdom:
Viridaeplantae
(
- Kingdom:
Plantae
(
Unambiguous Synonyms
- Adenoropium multifidum (L.) Pohl
- Jatropha janipha Blanco
- Manihot multifida (L.) Crantz
Notes
Publishing author
: Pohl Publication
: Pl. Bras. Ic
. i. 16
Name
Status: Accepted Name
.
A tentatively accepted name in the RHS Horticultural Database.
Place of publication: Sp.
pl. 2:1006. 1753
Name verified on 08-May-1996 by ARS Systematic Botanists. Last updated: 12-May-1998
Similar Species
Members of the genus Jatropha
There are approximately 292 species in this genus. Here are just 100 of them:
J. acanthophylla · J. aceroides · J. aconitifolius · J. aethiopica · J. afrotuberosa · J. alamani · J. alamanii · J. andrieuxii · J. angustifolia · J. arborea · J. aspleniifolia · J. atacorensis · J. augusti · J. augustii · J. australis · J. bartlettii · J. baumii · J. berteri · J. bornmuelleri · J. bornmuelleri var. penicillata · J. botswanica · J. breviloba · J. briviloba · J. brockmanii · J. bullockii · J. campestris · J. capensis · J. cardiophylla (Limberbush) · J. carthagenensis · J. cathartica (Baseball Plant) · J. catingae · J. cercidiphylla · J. chacoana · J. chamelensis · J. chevalieri · J. ciliata · J. cinera · J. cinerea (Arizona Nettle-Spurge) · J. clavuligera · J. collina · J. confusa · J. contrerasii · J. conzattii · J. cordata · J. costaricensis (Costa Rican Jatropha) · J. crinita · J. crotolariaeformis · J. cuneata (Limberbush) · J. curcas (Barbados Nut) · J. curcus · J. cureas · J. dalechampiaeformis · J. decipiens · J. decumbens · J. dehganii · J. dessecta · J. deutziiflora · J. dhofarica · J. dichtar · J. dioica (Leatherstem) · J. dioica var. dioica (Leatherstem) · J. disecta · J. dissecta · J. divaricata · J. eglandulosa · J. elbae · J. ellenbeckii · J. elliptica · J. erythropoda · J. euarguta · J. excisa · J. fischeri · J. flavovirens · J. fremontioides · J. gallabatenis · J. gallabatensis · J. galvanii · J. gaumeri · J. giffordiana · J. glandulifera · J. glauca · J. globosa · J. gossipifolia · J. gossypifolia (Bellyache Bush) · J. gossypifolia var. elegans · J. gossypifolia var. heterophylla · J. gossypifolia var. intermedia · J. gossypifolia var. palmata · J. gossypiifolia (Bellyache Bush) · J. gossypiifolia var. elegans (Bellyache Bush) · J. gossypiifolia var. gossypiifolia (Bellyache Bush) · J. gossypiifolia var. heterophylla · J. grossidentata · J. guaranitica · J. hastifolia · J. hernandiaefolia · J. hernandiifolia (Wild Oilnut) · J. hernandiifolia var. hernandiifolia · J. hernandiifolia var. portoricensis · J. heynei
Bibliography
- Brako, L. and J. L. Zarucchi. 1993. Catalogue of the flowering plants and gymnosperms of Peru. Monogr. Syst. Bot. Missouri Bot. Gard. 45. (L Peru) [not reconfirmed].
- Burger, W. C., ed. 1971 –. Flora costaricensis. (F CostaR)
- Encke, F. et al. 1993. Zander: Handwörterbuch der Pflanzennamen, 14. Auflage. (Zander ed14)
- Govaerts, R. et al. 2000. World checklist and bibliography of Euphorbiaceae. (L Euphorb)
- Howard, R. 1974 –1989. Flora of the lesser Antilles. (F LAnt)
- Huxley, A., ed. 1992. The new Royal Horticultural Society dictionary of gardening. (Dict Gard)
- Lazarides, M. and B. Hince. 1993. CSIRO Handbook of Economic Plants of Australia. (Econ Pl Aust)
- Nicolson, D. H. et al. 1991. Flora of Dominica, Part 2: Dicotyledonae. Smithsonian contributions to botany vol. 77. (F Dominica) 86. [cultivated].
- Reitz, R., ed. 1965 –. Flora ilustrada catarinense. (F SCatarin)
- Walters, S. M. et al., eds. 1986 –. European garden flora. (Eur Gard F)
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Notes
Contributors
- Global Biodiversity Information Facility. Accessed November 11, 2007. http://www.gbif.org Mediated distribution data from 4 providers.
- MBLWHOI Library: Universal Biological Index and Organizer. uBio.org accessed July 17, 2008.
- USDA, ARS, National Genetic Resources Program. Germplasm Resources Information Network - (GRIN) [Online Database]. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland. URL (April 25, 2008)
Data Sources
Accessed through GBIF Data Portal November 11, 2007:
- Missouri Botanical Garden, Missouri Botanical Garden
- USDA PLANTS, USDA PLANTS Database
Identifiers
- Biodiversity Heritage Library NamebankID: 2651972
- Catalogue of Life Accepted Name Code: Kew-104773
- Global Biodiversity Information Facility Taxonkey: 14255190
- Globally Unique Identifier: urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:64540-3
- GRIN Nomen Number: 20702
- Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS) Taxonomic Serial Number (TSN): 28340
- Natural Heritage Network Species Identifier: PDEUP0X0B0
- U.S.D.A. Plant Symbol: JAMU
- Zipcode Zoo Species Identifier: 19605
