Machaeranthera carnosa (Shrubby Alkali Tansyaster)

Overview

Vulnerable

Common Names

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Common Names in English:

Shrubby Alkali Aster, Shrubby Alkali Tansyaster, Shrubby Alkaliaster

Description

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Genus Machaeranthera

Annuals or biennials, 5- 100 cm; taprooted. Stems erect , much branched (when well developed), moderately to densely hairy , usually stipitate-glandular . Leaves basal (usually withering) and cauline; sessile; blades lanceolate to elliptic , pinnatifid , 2-pinnatifid, deeply lobed , or dissected (lobes aristate ), ultimate margins entire, faces moderately to densely hairy, stipitate-glandular. Heads radiate , borne singly (on leafy peduncles 530 mm). Involucres broadly turbinate to hemispheric , (511 ×) 1018 mm. Phyllaries 2480(100) in 36 series, appressed , spreading , or reflexed , 1-nerved (flat to keeled ), lanceolate to linear , unequal, bases ± indurate , apices herbaceous, margins not scarious , faces proximally glabrous , distally moderately to densely hairy, stipitate-glandular. Receptacles flat to convex , pitted , epaleate. Ray florets 840(50), pistillate , fertile ; corollas blue, violet, or purple. Disc florets 14160, bisexual , fertile; corollas yellow, tubes shorter than funnelform throats , lobes 5, erect, deltate to lanceolate; style-branch appendages lanceolate. Cypselae narrowly to broadly obovoid , slightly compressed , 818-ribbed, faces sparsely to densely hairy (hairs antrorse or appressed) ; pappi persistent , of 3080 white to tawny , barbellate , apically attenuate bristles in 13 series. x = 4.

Species 2: w North America; n Mexico.

The relationships of Machaeranthera have long been unclear, and much disagreement has occurred about its circumscription. It has been included in Aster by some and maintained as a separate genus by others. In addition, all or parts of many other genera have been included in Machaeranthera by various authors , such as Xylorhiza, Dieteria, Arida, Xanthisma, Psilactis, and Rayjacksonia. Studies of chloroplast DNA and nuclear ribosomal DNA, in combination with chemical and cytological studies, do not support previous circumscriptions of Machaeranthera (D. R. Morgan and B . B. Simpson 1992; Morgan 1997, 2002). Those studies suggest that none of the other taxa are closest relatives of Machaeranthera, and they were treated as separate genera by Morgan and R. L. Hartman (2003).[1]

Physical Description

Habit: Subshrub , Shrub

Biology

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Reproduction

Duration: Perennial

Taxonomy

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Kingdom: Plantae () - Plants
- Phylum: Tracheophyta () - Vascular Plants
  - Class: Magnoliopsida () - Dicotyledons
    - Order: Asterales ()
      - Family: Noctuoidea ()
        Subfamily: Boraginoideae ()
        Tribe: Eritricheae ()
        Genus: Machaeranthera () - Nees, Gen. Sp. Aster. 13, 224. 1832. - Wildginger
        Specific epithet: carnosa - (Gray) Nesom
        Botanical name: - Machaeranthera carnosa (Gray) Nesom

Notes

Name Status: Accepted Name . Latest taxonomic scrutiny: 15-Mar-2000

Similar Species

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Members of the genus Machaeranthera

ZipcodeZoo has pages for 160 species, subspecies, varieties, forms, and cultivars in this genus. Here are just 100 of them:

More Info

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Notes

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Contributors

Bisby, F.A., Y.R. Roskov, M.A. Ruggiero, T.M. Orrell, L.E. Paglinawan, P.W. Brewer, N. Bailly, J. van Hertum, eds (2007). Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life: 2007 Annual Checklist. Species 2000: Reading, U.K.
Brands, S.J. (comp.) 1989-2005. Systema Naturae 2000. The Taxonomicon. Universal Taxonomic Services, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. [http://sn2000.taxonomy.nl/Taxonomicon/]. Access date: Nov 23, 2005
Global Biodiversity Information Facility. Accessed February 28, 2008. http://www.gbif.org Mediated distribution data from 3 providers.
USDA, NRCS. 2005. The PLANTS Database, Version 3.5 (http://plants.usda.gov). National Plant Data Center, Baton Rouge, LA 70874-4490 USA.

Data Sources

Accessed through GBIF Data Portal February 28, 2008:

Arizona State University, International Institute for Species Exploration: Arizona State University Vascular Plant Herbarium
Berkeley Natural History Museums: University and Jepson Herbaria DiGIR provider
USDA PLANTS: USDA PLANTS Database
Utah State University: USU-UTC Specimen Database

Identifiers

Biodiversity Heritage Library NamebankID: 2668001
Catalogue of Life Accepted Name Code: ITS-503638
Globally Unique Identifier: urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:947490-1
Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS) Taxonomic Serial Number (TSN): 503638
Natural Heritage Network Species Identifier: PDAST64180
U.S.D.A. Plant Symbol: LECAI2 MAC
Zipcode Zoo Species Identifier: 47672

Footnotes

David R. Morgan, Ronald L. Hartman "Machaeranthera". in Flora of North America Vol. 20 Page 12, 383, 385, 386, 394, 395, 402, 403, 406. Oxford University Press. Online at EFloras.org. [back]