Overview
Interesting Facts
- A bitter herb, which when dried is used as tea for debility and colds. The plant is also used in certain candies for coughs and sore throat , as an expectorant , as a diaphoretic , and as a laxative when taken in large doses . It is the source of an essential oil used in liqueurs. It is also a honey plant. [source]
Common Names
Click on the language to view common names.
Common Names in English:
Common Hoarhound, Horehound, White Horehound
Common Names in French:
Marrube Blanc, Marrube Vulgaire
Common Names in German:
Andorn
Common Names in Latin:
Herba Marrubii
Common Names in Portuguese:
Marroio, Marroio Branco
Common Names in Romanian:
Bălţătură, Unguraş
Common Names in Russian:
šandra Obyknovennaja, шандра обыкновенная
Common Names in Spanish:
Marrubio, Marrubio Común
Description
Physical Description
Species Marrubium vulgare
Stems branched or unbranched, 30-40 cm tall, base woody, densely appressed lanate-villous. Leaves reduced upward; petiole 0.7-1.5 cm; leaf blade ovate to circular, 2-3.5 × 1.8-3 cm, adaxially polished, corrugate, and sparsely villous , abaxially densely scabrid strigose-villous, base broadly cuneate to rounded , margin dentate-serrate, apex obtuse to subrounded. Verticillasters axillary , many flowered, widely spaced basally, crowded upward, globose , 1.5-2.3 cm in diam.; bracts subulate , as long as to longer than calyx tube , reflexed . Calyx 10-veined; teeth 10, main 5 long, alternate with to 5 accessory teeth, 1-4 mm, subulate, hooked . Corolla white, ca. 9 mm; tube ca. 6 mm, densely pubescent outside, pilose annulate inside; upper lip as long as or slightly shorter than lower lip, straight or spreading , 2-lobed; middle lobe of lower lip reniform, undulate , 2-cleft. Nutlets triquetrous , ovoid , warty. Fl. Jun-Aug, fr. Jul-Sep. [source]
Habit: Subshrub , Forb/herb
Flowers: Whitish flowers.
Foliage: Summer foliage: Wooly white foliage .
Size/Age/Growth
Size: 1-3' tall.
Habitat
Dry grassy loess , slopes [1].
Typically found at an altitude of 0 to 4,936 meters (0 to 16,194 feet).[2]
Biology
Reproduction
Duration: Perennial
Growth
Culture: Space 1' apart.
Soil: Good in any dry soil.
Sunlight: Sun Exposure: Sun.
Taxonomy
- Domain:
Eukaryota
(
)
- Whittaker & Margulis,1978
- eukaryotes
- Kingdom:
Plantae
(
)
- Haeckel, 1866
- Plants
- Subkingdom:
Viridaeplantae
(
)
- Cavalier-Smith, 1981
- Phylum:
Tracheophyta
(
)
- Sinnott, 1935 ex Cavalier-Smith, 1998
- Vascular Plants
- Subphylum:
Euphyllophytina
(
)
- (Auct.) Cavalier-Smith, 1998
- Infraphylum:
Angiospermae
(
)
- Auct.
- Class:
Magnoliopsida
(
)
- Brongniart, 1843
- Dicotyledons
- Subclass:
Asteridae
(
)
- Takhtajan, 1967
- Superorder:
Lamianae
(
)
- Takhtajan, 1967
- Order:
Lamiales
(
)
- Bromhead, 1838
- Family:
Labiatae
(
)
- A.L. de Jussieu, 1789, nom. cons., nom. alt.
- Subfamily:
Lamioideae
(
)
- Tribe:
Marrubieae
(
)
- Genus:
Marrubium
(
)
- C. Linnaeus, 1753
- Specific epithet:
vulgare
- L.
- Botanical name: - Marrubium vulgare L.
- Specific epithet:
vulgare
- L.
- Genus:
Marrubium
(
- Tribe:
Marrubieae
(
- Subfamily:
Lamioideae
(
- Family:
Labiatae
(
- Order:
Lamiales
(
- Superorder:
Lamianae
(
- Subclass:
Asteridae
(
- Class:
Magnoliopsida
(
- Infraphylum:
Angiospermae
(
- Subphylum:
Euphyllophytina
(
- Phylum:
Tracheophyta
(
- Subkingdom:
Viridaeplantae
(
- Kingdom:
Plantae
(
Notes
Name
Status: Accepted Name
.
Last scrutiny: 15-Mar-2000
Similar Species
Members of the genus Marrubium
ZipcodeZoo has pages for 6 species, subspecies, varieties, forms, and cultivars in this genus:
M. cylleneum (Horehound) · M. incanum (Horehound) · M. praecox (Hoarhound) · M. rotundifolia (Silver Edged Horehound) · M. supinum (Scallop Shell) · M. vulgare (Common Hoarhound)
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Further Reading
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Notes
Contributors
- Brands, S.J. (comp.) 1989-present. The Taxonomicon. Universal Taxonomic Services, Zwaag, The Netherlands. Accessed January 12, 2012.
Data Sources
Accessed through GBIF Data Portal November 19, 2007:
- Bernice Pauahi Bishop Museum, Bishop Museum Natural History Specimen Data
- Biologiezentrum der Oberoesterreichischen Landesmuseen, Biologiezentrum Linz
- Conservatoire botanique national du Bassin parisien, Conservatoire botanique national du Bassin parisien
- International Plant Genetic Resources Institute(IPGRI), EURISCO
- Missouri Botanical Garden, Missouri Botanical Garden
- Natural History Museum, University of Oslo, Vascular Plant Herbarium, Oslo
- Oregon State University, Vascular Plant Collection
- School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Arizona State University Vascular Plant Herbarium
- The Danish Biodiversity Information Facility, Botany registration database by Danish botanists
- The Swedish Museum of Natural History
- , Herbarium of Oskarshamn
- The Swedish Museum of Natural History
- , Lund Botanical Museum
- The Swedish Museum of Natural History
- , Plants
- Tiroler Landesmuseum Ferdinandeum, Tiroler Landesmuseum Ferdinandeum
- USDA PLANTS, USDA PLANTS Database
- University of Alabama Biodiversity and Systematics, Herbarium
- Utah Valley State College
- , Utah Valley State College Herbarium
Identifiers
- Biodiversity Heritage Library NamebankID: 3874989
- Catalogue of Life Accepted Name Code: ITS-32561
- Global Biodiversity Information Facility Taxonkey: 4490920
- Globally Unique Identifier: urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:449990-1
- GRIN Nomen Number: 23450
- Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS) Taxonomic Serial Number (TSN): 32561
- Natural Heritage Network Species Identifier: PDLAM0Z010
- U.S.D.A. Plant Symbol: MAVU
- Zipcode Zoo Species Identifier: 49036
Footnotes
- "Marrubium vulgare". in Flora of China Vol. 17 Page 104. Missouri Botanical Garden Press. Online at EFloras.org. [back]
- Mean = 359.690 meters (1,180.085 feet), Standard Deviation = 655.540 based on 3,410 observations. Altitude information for each observation from British Oceanographic Data Centre. [back]
