Nepenthes bicalcarata

• Overview
• Common Names
• Description
• Taxonomy
• Similar Species
• More Info
• Further Reading
• Notes

Overview

Vulnerable

Common Names

Description

Family Nepenthaceae

Lianas or shrubs to 20 m , sometimes only weakly woody, dioecious, carnivorous . Stem simple or branched, erect , climbing , or procumbent , cylindric or triangular in cross section , glabrous or pubescent . Leaves alternate, petiolate or sessile; midvein prolonged into a tendril , apex of tendril usually developing into a dimorphic pitcher with a lid usually projecting over mouth and a spur inserted at base of lid. Pitchers toward base of plant ovoid , facing inward, with 2 fringed wings, tendril ventral, uncoiled; pitchers toward apex of plant cylindric or funnelform , facing outward, wings generally unfringed or reduced to ridges , tendril dorsal, coiled. Inflorescence terminal (appearing leaf opposed because of continued axillary growth), racemose, or with secondary branches 2-flowered or cincinni, usually sparsely bracteate . Flowers regular; perianth in 1 whorl of (3 or) 4 tepals. Male flowers with 4-24 anthers ; filaments united into a column; pistils inconspicuous. Female flowers with inconspicuous anthers; pistils (3 or) 4; ovary superior, stipitate or not, ovoid-globose or tetragonal-terete, rarely obdeltoid , (3 or) 4-loculed; placentation axile ; ovules numerous , in many rows ; style very short to obsolete ; stigma disclike, (3 or) 4-lobed. Capsule (3 or) 4-valved, leathery or woody, loculicidally dehiscent . Seeds numerous, usually hairlike; embryo straight; endosperm fleshy .

One genus and ca. 85 species: Africa (Madagascar), S and SE Asia, N Australia, Pacific Islands (Caroline Islands) ; one species in China.

All species of the Nepenthaceae are carnivorous, so far as is known.[1]

Genus Nepenthes

Morphological characters and geographical distribution are the same as those for the family .[2]

Habitat

Ecology: Common in peat-swamp forest dominated by Shorea albida; also occasionally in heath forest on white sand soils; from sea-level to 950 m altitude .


List of Habitats :1.5Forest - Subtropical/Tropical Dry 1.8Forest - Subtropical/Tropical Swamp

Taxonomy

Notes

Publishing author : Hook.f. Publication : Prodr. (DC.) 17: 97 (-98) 1873 [16 Oct 1873]An accepted name in the RHS Horticultural Database.

Similar Species

Members of the genus Nepenthes

ZipcodeZoo has pages for 345 species, subspecies, varieties, forms, and cultivars in this genus. Here are just 100 of them:

N. adnata (Nepenthes) · N. adrianii · N. alata (Winged Pitcher Plant) · N. alata Blanco 'Mindanao' · N. alata × merrilliana · N. alata × ventricosa · N. alba · N. albo-marginata · N. albolineata · N. albomarginata (Nepenthes) · N. alicae · N. alisaputrana · N. amabilis · N. amesiana · N. ampullacea · N. ampullaria (Nepenthes) · N. ampullaria var. racemosa · N. anamensis · N. angasanensis (Nepenthes) · N. angustifolia · N. aptera (Nepenthes) · N. argentii (Nepenthes) · N. aristolochioides (Nepenthes) · N. armbrustae · N. atro-sanguinea · N. balfouriana · N. beccariana · N. bellii (Nepenthes) · N. benstonei (Nepenthes) · N. bernaysii · N. bicalcarata (Nepenthes) · N. bicalcarata × N. khasiana · N. blancoi · N. bongso (Nepenthes) · N. bongso × hamata · N. borneensis · N. boschiana (Nepenthes) · N. boschiana var. lowii · N. brachycarpa · N. burbidgeae (Nepenthes) · N. burbidgei · N. burkei · N. burkeii · N. campanulata (Nepenthes) · N. carunculata · N. carunculata var. robusta · N. celebica · N. chaniana · N. chapmanii · N. chelsonii · N. cholmondeleyi · N. cincta · N. clipeata (Nepenthes) · N. clipeata × veitchii · N. 'Clone Clip 1' · N. coccinea · N. compacta · N. copelandii (Nepenthes) · N. courtii · N. cristata · N. curtisii · N. curtisii subsp. zakriana · N. curtisii zakriana · N. cylindrica · N. danseri · N. deaniana · N. decurrens · N. densiflora (Nepenthes) · N. dentata · N. 'Deplamira' · N. deslogesii · N. diatas (Nepenthes) · N. dicksoniana · N. distillatoria (Nepenthes) · N. dominii · N. dormanniana · N. dubia (Nepenthes) · N. dyak · N. echinostoma · N. edgeworthii · N. edinensis · N. edwardsiana (Nepenthes) · N. edwardsiana macrophylla · N. edwardsiana subsp. macrophylla · N. ephippiata (Nepenthes) · N. eustachya (Nepenthes) · N. eustachys · N. excelsior · N. eymae (Nepenthes) · N. faizaliana (Nepenthes) · N. fallax (Nepenthes) · N. fimbriata · N. fimbriata f. pubescens · N. findlayana · N. flava · N. formosa · N. fusca (Nepenthes) · N. fusca 'Sarawak' · N. fusca × maxima · N. garrawayae

More Info

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Further Reading

• Botanisches Zentralblatt; referierendes Organ für das Gesamtgebiet der Botanik. Jena [etc.]G. Fischer [etc.] GER url p. 117, p. 279, p. 312, p. 546.
• Catalogue of scientific papers, 1800-1900. Compiled by the Royal Society of London. London, C.J. Clay and Sons, 1867-1902 [etc.] Cambridge, Cambridge University Press, 1914-25. ENG url p. 133.
• Forestry. London: W. Rider, [1883-1886]. ENG url p. 20.
• Gartenflora. Erlangen: F. Enke, 1852-1940. GER url p. 31, p. 575, p. 634.
• Hamburger Garten- und Blumenzeitung. Hamburg: R. Kittler, 1852-1890. GER url p. 543.
• Hardwicke's science-gossip: an illustrated medium of interchange and gossip for students and lovers of nature. London: Robert Hardwicke, 1866- ENG url p. 114, p. 45.
• Jebb, M. and Cheek, M. 1997. A Skeletal Revision of Nepenthes (Nepenthaceae). Blumea 42:1-106.
• Journal de la Société nationale d'horticulture de France. Paris: Au siége de la Société, 1886-1927. FRE url p. 138, p. 51, p. 60.
• Judd, Campbell, Kellog & Donoghue: Plant Systematics, a phylogenetic approach
• Judd, W.S., Campbell, C.S., Kellog, E.A. & Donoghue, M.J. (2002): Plant Systematics: a phylogenetic approach, Sinauer, Sunderland, Mass.
• Just's botanischer jahresbericht. Systematisch geordnetes repertorium der botanischen literatur aller länder. Berlin, Gebr. Borntraeger, 1874-98; GER url p. 117, p. 129, p. 149, p. 149, p. 299, p. 515, p. 6, p. 74, p. 841, p. 95.
• L'Illustration horticole; journal international populaire de l'horticulture dans toutes ses branches. Ghent; FRE url p. 194, p. 5.
• Naturwissenschaftliche Rundschau: wöchentliche Berichte über die Fortschritte auf dem Gesammtgebiete der Naturwissenschaften. Braunschweig: Druck und verlag von Friedrich Vieweg und Sohn, 1886- GER url p. 233, p. 360.
• Proceedings of the Linnean Society of London. London, Published for the Linnean Society of London by Academic Press [etc.], 1848-1968. ENG url p. 67.
• The carnivorous plants, by Francis Ernest Lloyd Waltham, Mass., Chronica Botanica Company, 1942. ENG url p. 278, p. 284, p. 55, p. 57, p. 63.
• The weekly florists' review. Chicago: Florists' Pub. Co., 1897-1912. ENG url p. 521.
• Ruan Yun-zhen. 1984. Nepenthaceae. In: Fu Shu-hsia & Fu Kun-tsun, eds., Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. 34(1): 11-14.
• Ruan Yun-zhen. 1984. Nepenthaceae. In: Fu Shu-hsia & Fu Kun-tsun, eds., Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. 34(1): 11-14.

Notes

Contributors

• Schnell, D., Catling, P., Folkerts, G., Frost, C., Gardner, R., et al. 2000. In IUCN 2008. 2008 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. IUCNRedList.org. Downloaded July 19, 2008.

Identifiers

• Biodiversity Heritage Library NamebankID: 5775531
• Global Biodiversity Information Facility Taxonkey: 15651699
• Globally Unique Identifier: urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:603661-1
• International Plant Names Index (IPNI) ID: 603661-1
• IUCN ID: 39624
• Zipcode Zoo Species Identifier: 646878

Footnotes

1. Lianli Lu, Martin Cheek & Matthew H. P. Jebb "Nepenthaceae". in Flora of China Vol. 8 Page 198. Published by Science Press (Beijing) and Missouri Botanical Garden Press. Online at EFloras.org. [back]
2. "Nepenthes". in Flora of China Vol. 8 Page 198. Published by Science Press (Beijing) and Missouri Botanical Garden Press. Online at EFloras.org. [back]

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