Passiflora edulis 'Mccain'

(Granadilla, Maracuja, Passionfruit, Qarandila)

Taxonomy

Domain: Eukaryota Whittaker & Margulis,1978 - eukaryotes
- Kingdom: Plantae Haeckel, 1866
  - Subkingdom: Viridaeplantae Cavalier-Smith, 1981 - Green Plants
    - Phylum: Tracheophyta Sinnott, 1935 ex Cavalier-Smith, 1998 - Vascular Plants
      - Subphylum: euphyllophytina
        Infraphylum: radiatopses kenrick & crane, 1997
        Class: Magnoliopsida Brongniart, 1843 - Dicotyledons
        Subclass: Dilleniidae Takhtajan, 1967
        Superorder: Violanae R. Dahlgren ex Reveal, 1992
        Order: Passiflorales Dumortier, 1829
        Family: Passifloraceae (pass-iff-FLOR-uh) A.L. de Jussieu ex Kunth, 1817 - Passion-Flower Family
        Tribe: Passifloreae
        Genus: Passiflora (pass-iff-FLOR-uh) Linnaeus, Sp. Pl. 2: 955. 1753. - Passionflower
        Specific epithet: edulis Sims
        Cultivar: Mccain
        Botanical name: Passiflora edulis 'Mccain'

Physical Description

Family Passifloraceae:

Climbing herbs or lianas with axillary tendrils, rarely shrubs or trees, vegetative ramification through a supra-axillary bud. Leaves alternate (rarely subopposite), spirally arranged, simple or rarely compound, stipulate or not, petiolate, petiole or base of blade often with 1 to many glands; leaf blade entire or lobed, venation pinnate or palmate, often with glands on margin and abaxial surface. Inflorescence cymose, axillary, sessile or pedunculate, primary axis often a tendril, secondary axis often reduced; bracts minute to foliaceous, sometimes glandular. Pedicels articulate distal to bracts. Flowers mostly actinomorphic, bisexual, functionally unisexual, or polygamous; perianth persistent, segments free or partially fused at base. Sepals (3-) 5(or 6) . Petals (3-) 5(or 6), imbricate. Corona inserted on hypanthium, composed of filaments or hairs often in multiple series. Stamens (4 or) 5(-60), inserted on androgynophore or at base of hypanthium; filaments free to base or sometimes partially fused; anthers dorsifixed, 2-celled, dehiscing via longitudinal slits, sometimes with apical appendage. Ovary (1-) 3(-5) -carpellate, superior, 1-loculed, sessile or stipitate on elongate androgynophore; placentation parietal; ovules many, anatropous; styles (1-) 3(-5), free to partially fused at base; stigmas globose, capitate, papillate, or divided. Fruit a berry or loculicidally 3(-5) -valved capsule. Seeds numerous, compressed, often beaked, enclosed by fleshy aril; testa reticulate or pitted; endosperm copious, oily; embryo straight; cotyledons foliaceous.

About 16 genera and 660 species: mainly in tropical and subtropical areas, particularly diverse in the New World tropics; two genera and 23 species (seven endemic, seven introduced) in China.^[1]

Genus Passiflora:

Herbaceous or woody perennial vines, rarely shrubs or trees. Leaves simple or rarely compound, alternate (subopposite in one species), entire or dissected, petiolate, usually with extra-floral nectaries on petiole and/or blade; stipules linear to leaflike, often glandular. Inflorescence axillary, cymose; peduncle often highly reduced or absent, central axis developed into a tendril, secondary axes often highly reduced to 1 or 2 flowers; bracts minute to foliaceous, sometimes glandular. Flowers bisexual (rarely plants dioecious) . Hypanthium broad to campanulate. Sepals 5, often petaloid, sometimes with a subapical projection. Petals 5 (rarely absent) . Corona present at base of perianth in one to several series of showy filaments; innermost series (operculum) membranous, partially to entirely fused, margin entire or fimbriate, often incurved over nectar chamber; extra-staminal nectariferous disk (limen) present around base of androgynophore, fused to base of hypanthium. Stamens (4 or) 5(-8) ; filaments free (rarely connate into a tube around ovary) ; anthers linear or oblong, dorsifixed, versatile. Ovary on androgynophore, stipitate or sessile, 3(-5) -carpellate; styles 3(-5), free; stigmas capitate. Fruit a berry (rarely a dehiscent capsule) . Seeds arillate, compressed, testa pitted; endosperm oily, abundant; embryo straight; cotyledons elliptic or oblong-elliptic; germination epigeal (rarely hypogeal) .

About 520 species: mainly in tropical America and tropical Asia; 20 species (seven endemic, seven introduced) in China.^[2]

Habit: Deciduous.

Flowers: Bloom Period: April, May, June, July, August, September. • Flower Color: chartreuse, near white, purple, white, yellow-green

Distribution

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Growth

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Culture: Space 4-6' apart.

Soil: Minimum pH: 6.1 • Maximum pH: 7.5

Sunlight: Sun Exposure: Full Sun.

Temperature: Cold Hardiness: 8a, 8b, 9a, 9b, 10a, 10b. (map)

Similar Species

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Members of the genus Passiflora:

Members of the genus Iris:

Bibliography

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Bao Shihying. 1999. Passifloraceae. In: Ku Tsuechih, ed., Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. 52(1): 97-120.
Killip, The American Species of Passifloraceae (Publ. Field Mus. Nat. Hist., Bot. Ser. 19(1-2): 1-331, 333-613. 1938);
de Wilde, A monograph of the genus Adenia Forsk. (Passifloraceae) (Meded. Landbouwhogeschool Wageningen 71(18): 1-281. 1971)
de Wilde, The Indigenous Old World Passifloras (Blumea 20: 227-250. 1973 ["1972"]).

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Notes

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Contributors:

Brands, S.J. (comp.) 1989-2006. Systema Naturae 2000. The Taxonomicon. Universal Taxonomic Services, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. Accessed October 6, 2006.

Identifiers:

Zipcode Zoo Species Identifier: 995239

Footnotes:

Yinzheng Wang, Shawn E. Krosnick, Peter Møller Jørgensen & David Hearn "Passifloraceae". in Flora of China Vol. 13 Page 141. Published by Science Press (Beijing) and Missouri Botanical Garden Press. Online at EFloras.org.
Yinzheng Wang, Shawn E. Krosnick & Peter Møller Jørgensen "Passiflora". in Flora of China Vol. 13 Page 141. Published by Science Press (Beijing) and Missouri Botanical Garden Press. Online at EFloras.org.

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Last Revised: June 12, 2008