Common Names
Common Names in English:
Chamber Bitter, Shatterstone, Stone-Breaker Herb
Description
Family Euphorbiaceae
The Euphorbiaceae are mostly monoecious herbs, shrubs , and trees , sometimes succulent and cactus-like, comprising one of the largest families of plants with about 300 genera and 7,500 species that are further characterized by the frequent occurrence of milky sap . The leaves are mostly alternate but may be opposite or whorled and they are simple , or compound , or sometimes highly reduced. Stipules are generally present but may be reduced to hairs , glands or spines. The flowers are unisexual and usually actinomorphic . They may be highly reduced by suppression of parts, in the extreme form consisting of a naked stamen as a male flower and a naked pistil as a female flower. A specialized type of miniature inflorescence called a cyathium occurs in about 1,500 species comprising the genera Euphorbia and Chamaesyce. The cyathium consists of a single naked pistillate flower surrounded by cymes of naked staminate flowers, each consisting of a single stamen. These flowers are all enclosed in a cup-like involucre that typically is provided with peripheral nectaries and petaloid appendages such that the whole aggregation closely resembles a single flower. In other members of the family the flowers and inflorescences are more ordinary in appearance , with male and female flowers typically bearing a 5-merous calyx and corolla of distinct segments, although the corolla is sometimes absent. In these forms the androecium most commonly consists of 5, 10 or sometimes numerous distinct or monadelphous stamens. The gynoecium of female flowers consists of a single compound pistil of typically 3 carpels, an equal number of styles or primary style branches, and a superior ovary with typically 3 locules, each bearing 1 or 2 collateral , axile-apical pendulous ovules. The fruit is usually a capsular schizocarp. -- Gerald Carr.
Physical Description
Habit: Forb/herb
Flowers: Bloom Period: June, July, August. • Flower Color: inconspicuous, near white, none, white
Size/Age/Growth
Size: 12-18" tall.
Biology
Reproduction
Duration: Annual
Growth
Sunlight: Sun Exposure: Sun to Partial Shade.
Taxonomy
- Domain:
Eukaryota
(
)
- Whittaker & Margulis,1978
- eukaryotes
- Kingdom:
Plantae
(
)
- Haeckel, 1866
- Plants
- Subkingdom:
Viridaeplantae
(
)
- Cavalier-Smith, 1981
- Phylum:
Tracheophyta
(
)
- Sinnott, 1935 Ex Cavalier-Smith, 1998
- Vascular Plants
- Subphylum:
Euphyllophytina
(
)
- Infraphylum:
Radiatopses
(
)
- Kenrick & Crane, 1997
- Class:
Magnoliopsida
(
)
- Brongniart, 1843
- Dicotyledons
- Subclass:
Dilleniidae
(
)
- Takhtajan, 1967
- Superorder:
Euphorbianae
(
)
- Takhtajan Ex Reveal, 1992
- Order:
Euphorbiales
(
)
- Lindley, 1833
- Family:
Euphorbiaceae
(
)
- J.f. Gmelin, 1777, Nom. Cons.
- Spurge Family
- Subfamily:
Phyllanthoideae
(
)
- Tribe:
Phyllantheae
(
)
- Subtribe:
Flueggeinae
(
)
- Genus:
Phyllanthus
(
)
- Linnaeus, 1753
- Specific epithet:
torrentium
- (S.Moore) M.Schmid
- Variety:
induratus
- Botanical name: - Phyllanthus torrentium var. induratus (S.Moore) M.Schmid
- Variety:
induratus
- Specific epithet:
torrentium
- (S.Moore) M.Schmid
- Genus:
Phyllanthus
(
- Subtribe:
Flueggeinae
(
- Tribe:
Phyllantheae
(
- Subfamily:
Phyllanthoideae
(
- Family:
Euphorbiaceae
(
- Order:
Euphorbiales
(
- Superorder:
Euphorbianae
(
- Subclass:
Dilleniidae
(
- Class:
Magnoliopsida
(
- Infraphylum:
Radiatopses
(
- Subphylum:
Euphyllophytina
(
- Phylum:
Tracheophyta
(
- Subkingdom:
Viridaeplantae
(
- Kingdom:
Plantae
(
Notes
Name
Status: Accepted Name
.
An accepted name in the RHS Horticultural Database.
Name Status: Accepted Name.
Similar Species
Members of the genus Phyllanthus
ZipcodeZoo has pages for 287 species, subspecies, varieties, forms, and cultivars in this genus. Here are just 100 of them:
P. abnormis (Drummond's Leaf-Flower) · P. abnormis var. riograndensis (Rio Grande Leaf-Flower) · P. acidissimus · P. acidus (Tahitian Gooseberry Tree) · P. aeneus var. cordifolius · P. aeneus var. longistylis · P. aeneus var. nepouiensis · P. aeneus var. papillosus · P. ajmerianus · P. alatus · P. albicans · P. allemii (Stone-Breaker Herb) · P. amapondensis · P. amarus · P. andersonii · P. andrachnoides · P. angulatus · P. angustifolius · P. anisophyllus · P. ankaratrae · P. antillanus · P. aphanostylus var. tristis · P. arborescens · P. arboreus · P. arenarius var. yunnanensis · P. arnottianus · P. aspericaulis · P. asperus · P. assamicus · P. asteranthos · P. attenuatus subsp. incarum · P. attenuatus subsp. tucuruiensis · P. attenuatus tucuruiensis · P. austinii · P. axillaris · P. balgooyi · P. bartlettii · P. boehmii var. humilis · P. boninsimae · P. brasiliensis glaber · P. brasiliensis subsp. glaber · P. brisbanicus · P. bupleuroides var. latiaxialis · P. bupleuroides var. meoriensis · P. bupleuroides var. ngoyensis · P. bupleuroides var. poroensis · P. caesiifolius · P. callejasii · P. cantoniensis · P. caparaoensis (Carolina Leaf-Flower) · P. capensis · P. capillariformis · P. carolinianus · P. caroliniensis · P. caroliniensis guianensis · P. caroliniensis saxicola · P. caroliniensis subsp. guianensis · P. caroliniensis subsp. saxicola · P. casticum var. kirganelia · P. caudatus var. pubescens · P. cauliflorus · P. cernuus · P. chamaecerasus f. ripicola · P. chamaecerasus var. aoupinieensis · P. chamaecerasus var. intermedius · P. chamaecerasus var. longipedicellatus · P. chamaecerasus var. meoriensis · P. chamaecerasus var. vieillardii · P. chamaecristoides baracoensis · P. chamaecristoides subsp. baracoensis · P. cheloniphorbe · P. cheramela · P. chrysanthus var. deverdensis · P. chrysanthus var. micrantheoides · P. cicca · P. ciccoides var. ciccoides · P. ciccoides var. puberulus · P. cognatus · P. conjugatus var. ducosensis · P. conjugatus var. maaensis · P. cuatrecasanus (Pink Phyllanthus) · P. cyclanthera · P. cyclanthera var. genuinus · P. cygnorum var. cygnorum · P. dioicus · P. distichus var. degeneri · P. distichus var. ellipticus · P. dongfangensis · P. dracunculoides var. amieuensis · P. dracunculoides var. tiwakaensis (Indian Gooseberry) · P. dregeanus · P. emblica · P. epiphyllanthus dilatatus · P. epiphyllanthus domingensis · P. epiphyllanthus subsp. dilatatus · P. epiphyllanthus subsp. domingensis · P. epiphyllanthus var. dilatatus · P. ericoides (Heather Leaf-Flower) · P. eriocarpus · P. eximius
More Info
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Notes
Contributors
- Bisby FA, Roskov YR, Orrell TM, Nicolson D, Paglinawan LE, Bailly N, Kirk PM, Bourgoin T, van Hertum J, eds (2008). Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life: 2008 Annual Checklist Taxonomic Classification. CD-ROM; Species 2000: Reading, U.K.
- Global Biodiversity Information Facility. Accessed November 15, 2007. http://www.gbif.org Mediated distribution data from 25 providers.
- World Checklist of Selected Plant Families
Identifiers
- Catalogue of Life Accepted Name Code: Kew-155098 Kew-155097 Kew-155095 Kew
- Globally Unique Identifier: urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:966686-1
- Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS) Taxonomic Serial Number (TSN): 28381
- International Plant Names Index (IPNI) ID: 966686-1
- U.S.D.A. Plant Symbol: PHUR
- Zipcode Zoo Species Identifier: 1507830
