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Ptelea trifoliata

(Common Hop Tree, Common Hoptree, Hoptree, Stinking Ash, Wafer Ash, Water Ash)

Overview:

Threatened

Threat status

Conservation Status

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Population Analysis

  • For the 835,580 species in the Class Magnoliopsida (Dicotyledons), we average 4.30 observations each in our database; for the Common Hop Tree, we have 340 observations. Compared to other species in this Class, this species is moderately common.
  • A two-sample t-test can be used to determine whether the trend in observations of the Common Hop Tree is the same as the trend in observations of Magnoliopsida. Is this species just as common, as a proportion of all observations, as it once was? The answer is yes, changes in observation rate of this species do not significantly differ from changes in observation rate of its Class.

Species at Risk Act (SARA) Public Registry: Species in Ontario designated Threatened under the Species at Risk Act.

Threat status

Taxonomy

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Notes:

A tentatively accepted name in the RHS Horticultural Database.

Name Status: Accepted Name. Latest taxonomic scrutiny: 15-Mar-2000

Place of publication: Sp. pl. 1:118. 1753

Name verified on 13-Nov-2001 by ARS Systematic Botanists. Last updated: 13-Nov-2001

Physical Description

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Family Rutaceae:

The Rutaceae are herbs, shrubs, and trees with glandular punctate, commonly strongly smelling herbage comprising about 150 genera and 1,500 species that are further characterized by the common occurrence of spines and winged petioles. The leaves are alternate or opposite, simple or palmately or pinnately compound, or sometimes heathlike or reduced to spines; stipules are absent. The flowers are often sweet-scented, nearly always bisexual, and are actinomorphic or sometimes zygomorphic. The calyx consists of 3-5 distinct or basally connate sepals and the corolla consists of 3-5 distinct or sometimes connate petals or rarely the petals are lacking. The androecium consists of distinct or sometimes connate stamens that are commonly obdiplostemonous, that is in two whorls with the outer whorl opposite the petals. However, sometimes there may be (1)3-4 whorls or rarely up to 60 stamens. The gynoecium consists of a single compound pistil of commonly 2-5 or more, often incompletely connate carpels that may be united only basally or apically, either one or an equal number of styles, and a superior ovary with usually 2-5 or more locules, each bearing 1-several axile ovules. Generally, an intrastaminal nectary disk is situated between the stamens and the ovary. The fruit is variable. -- Gerald Carr.

ID Features: Buds are silky-hairy, not raised above the leaf scar. No true terminal bud. Alternate leaf arrangement. Trifoliate leaves. Leaf scars are U-shaped with unusually straight inner margins. Leaves pungent when bruised. Circular, winged samara fruit. •

Habit: A small, deciduous tree or large shrub with a dense, rounded crown. Frequently multistemmed and suckering.

Flowers: Small, greenish-white flowers. Fragrant. Flowers borne in terminal corymbs, 2" to 3" in diameter. Blooms in early June. • Bloom Period: June. • Flower Color: pale green

Seeds: Fruit: Circular-winged samara. 1" in diameter. Green, changing to brownish. Persistent.

Foliage: Summer foliage: Alternate leaf arrangement. Pinnate, trifoliate, deciduous leaves. Leaves 2.5 to 5" long. With middle leaflet largest, possibly with short petiole. Ovate to elliptical leaflet shape. Margins entire or with minor serrations. Shiny, dark green leaf color. Pungent when bruised. • Fall foliage: Yellow-green fall color.

Images:

Distribution

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Range and Population

North America

Native: Alabama, Arizona, Arkansas, Coahuila, Colorado, Delaware, District of Columbia, Durango, Florida, Georgia, Guanajuato, Guerrero, Hidalgo, Illinois, Indiana, Jalisco, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, Missouri, New Jersey, New Mexico, North Carolina, Nuevo Leon, Oaxaca, Ohio, Oklahoma, Puebla, San Luis Potosi, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, West Virginia, Wisconsin.

Landscaping

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Landscape Uses: For naturalized areas. For fragrant flowers. Massing or grouping. • Liabilities: None serious. Leaf spot and rust is possible. Spider mites possible in dry sites.

Habitat

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Hardy to zone 3.

Reproduction

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Duration: Perennial

Growth

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Culture: Prefers well-drained soil. Full sun or shade. Moist soil.

Soil: Minimum pH: 5.1 • Maximum pH: 7.8

Sunlight: Sun Exposure: Light Shade.

Temperature: Cold Hardiness: 5a, 5b, 6a, 6b, 7a, 7b, 8a, 8b, 9a, 9b. (map)

Similar Species

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Members of the genus Ptelea:

There are approximately 120 species, subspecies, varieties, forms, and cultivars in this genus. Here are just 100 of them: P. baldwinii crenulata · P. trifoliata coahuilensis · P. aboriginum · P. acutifolia · P. ambigens · P. antonina · P. aptera · P. aquilina · P. arborea · P. argentea · P. attrita · P. badwinii · P. baldwinii subsp. crenulata · P. baldwinii var. crenulata · P. barbigera · P. betulifolia · P. brevistylis · P. bullata · P. carolina · P. caroliniana · P. casseoides · P. cassiodes · P. cassioides · P. cinnamomea · P. coahuilensis · P. cognata · P. confinis · P. crenata · P. crenulata (California Hoptree) · P. cuspidata · P. cycloloma · P. elegans · P. elliptica · P. formosa · P. glabriformis · P. glauca · P. isophylla · P. jucunda · P. laetissima · P. lucida · P. lutescens · P. megacarpa · P. mesochora · P. mesochora var. mucronata · P. microphylla · P. miocenica · P. mollis · P. mollis var. cryptoneura · P. monophylla · P. neglecta · P. neo-mexicana · P. neomexicana · P. nitens · P. nitida · P. nucifera · P. obcordata · P. obscura · P. obtusata · P. ovalifolia · P. ovata · P. padifolia · P. pallida pallida var. pallida · P. parvifolia · P. parvula · P. peduncularis · P. pentandra · P. pentaphylla · P. persicifolia · P. pinnata · P. podocarpa · P. polyadenia · P. prominula · P. pumila · P. rhombifolia · P. saligna · P. sancta · P. scutellata · P. similis · P. simplicifolia · P. straminea · P. subintegra · P. subvestita · P. tortuosa · P. toxicodendron · P. trifoliata (Common Hop Tree) · P. trifoliata 'Fastigiata' · P. trifoliata 'Glauca' · P. trifoliata f. aurea · P. trifoliata f. mucronata · P. trifoliata f. pubescens · P. trifoliata var. aurea · P. trifoliata pallida var. Pallida · P. trifoliata subsp. angustifolia · P. trifoliata subsp. coahuilensis · P. trifoliata subsp. pallida · P. trifoliata subsp. polyadenia · P. trifoliata trifoliata · P. trifoliata trifoliata var. Mollis · P. trifoliata var. angustifolia · P. trifoliata var. baldwinii

Bibliography

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  • Bailey, V. L. 1962. Revision of the genus Ptelea (Rutaceae). Brittonia 14:7.
  • Diggs, G. M., Jr. et al. 1999. Shinner's and Mahler's illustrated flora of North Central Texas. (F NC Tex)
  • Duke, J. A. et al. 2002. CRC Handbook of medicinal herbs. (CRC MedHerbs ed2)
  • Gleason, H. A. & A. Cronquist. 1991. Manual of vascular plants of northeastern United States and adjacent Canada, ed. 2. (Glea Cron ed2)
  • Judd, W.S., Campbell, C.S., Kellog, E.A. & Donoghue, M.J. (2002): Plant Systematics: a phylogenetic approach, Sinauer, Sunderland, Mass.
  • McGregor, R. L. et al. (The Great Plains Flora Association). 1986. Flora of the Great Plains. (F GPlains)
  • McGuffin, M. et al., eds. 2000. Herbs of commerce, ed. 2. (Herbs Commerce ed2)
  • Ohio Flora Committee (E. L. Braun, T. S. Cooperrider, T. R. Fisher, J. J. Furlow). 1967–. The vascular flora of Ohio. (F Ohio)
  • Radford, A. E. et al. 1964. Manual of the vascular flora of the Carolinas. (F Carolin)
  • Voss, E. 1972–. Michigan flora. (F Mich)

More Info

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Notes

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Contributors:

  • Bisby, F.A., Y.R. Roskov, M.A. Ruggiero, T.M. Orrell, L.E. Paglinawan, P.W. Brewer, N. Bailly, J. van Hertum, eds (2007). Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life: 2007 Annual Checklist. Species 2000: Reading, U.K.
  • Brands, S.J. (comp.) 1989-2006. Systema Naturae 2000. The Taxonomicon. Universal Taxonomic Services, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. Accessed October 6, 2006.
  • Global Biodiversity Information Facility. Accessed June 15, 2007. http://www.gbif.org Mediated distribution data from 2 providers.
  • USDA, ARS, National Genetic Resources Program. Germplasm Resources Information Network - (GRIN) [Online Database]. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland. URL (April 30, 2008)

Data Sources:

Accessed through GBIF Data Portal November 22, 2007:

Identifiers:

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Last Revised: June 10, 2008