Common Names
Common Names in English:
Creeping Brookweed, Maakoako, Sea Primrose
Description
Family Primulaceae
Herbs perennial
or annual
, rarely suffruticose
. Leaves alternate, opposite, or whorled
, often all basal, simple
, entire
to lobed
. Flowers solitary or in panicles, racemes
, or umbels, usually with bracts, perfect
, (4- or) 5(--9) -merous, often heterostylous (Primula) . Calyx persistent
. Corolla gamopetalous, actinomorphic
, rarely absent (Glaux) . Stamens as many as and opposite corolla lobes
, ± epipetalous
, occasionally with scalelike staminodes. Filaments
free
or connate
into a tube
at base
. Ovary superior, rarely semi-inferior (Samolus), unilocular
; placentation free central; style
simple; stigma inconspicuous, capitate. Fruit a capsule, dehiscing by valves
, rarely circumscissile or indehiscent. Seeds many or few; embryo small, straight, surrounded by endosperm.
The family
contains 22 genera and ca.
1000 species, occurring mainly in temperate
and mountainous regions of the northern hemisphere. Twelve genera and 517 species are widely distributed throughout China, but are represented mostly in the S and W regions. The centers of diversity
for Primula, Androsace, and Omphalogramma are W Sichuan, E Xizang, and NW Yunnan. Lysimachia is also highly developed in provinces
S of the Chang Jiang, while Pomatosace is an endemic genus confined to a small area of NW Sichuan and Qinghai.
Many species of Primula and Androsace are cultivated for their attractive flowers as pot plants
, in rock gardens, or in garden borders
. Some species of Lysimachia are used medicinally. Cyclamen persicum Miller is frequently cultivated as a pot plant.Qiming Hu & Sylvia Kelso "Primulaceae". in Flora of China Vol. 15 Page 39. Published by Science Press (Beijing) and Missouri Botanical Garden Press. Online at EFloras.org.
Genus Samolus
Herbs annual
or perennial
. Stems erect
, sometimes woody at base
. Leaves alternate or sometimes basal leaves
forming a rosette. Inflorescences terminal
, racemose to corymbose
. Calyx 5-lobed; tube
fused with ovary at base or to middle
. Corolla white, campanulate
, 5-lobed. Stamens 5, inserted
in corolla tube; filaments
very short; anthers
obtuse
or acute at apex; staminodes 5, linear
to ligulate
, alternating with corolla lobes
. Ovary semi-inferior; ovules numerous
, semi-anatropous; style
short, stigma obtuse to capitellate
. Capsule globose
, dehiscing by valves
.
Approximately 10 species mostly inhabiting the maritime countries of the southern hemisphere; 1 species occurs in China.Qiming Hu & Sylvia Kelso "Samolus". in Flora of China Vol. 15 Page 188. Published by Science Press (Beijing) and Missouri Botanical Garden Press. Online at EFloras.org.
Physical Description
Habit: Evergreen .
Flowers: Bloom Period: June. • Flower Color: near white, white
Size/Age/Growth
Size: 6-12" tall.
Biology
Growth
Sunlight: Sun Exposure: Full Sun .
Taxonomy
- Domain:
Eukaryota
(
)
- Whittaker & Margulis,1978
- Kingdom:
Plantae
(
)
- Haeckel, 1866
- Plants
- Subkingdom:
Viridaeplantae
(
)
- Cavalier-Smith, 1981
- Phylum:
Tracheophyta
(
)
- Sinnott, 1935 Ex Cavalier-Smith, 1998
- Vascular Plants
- Subphylum:
Euphyllophytina
(
)
- Infraphylum:
Radiatopses
(
)
- Kenrick & Crane, 1997
- Class:
Magnoliopsida
(
)
- Brongniart, 1843
- Dicotyledons
- Subclass:
Dilleniidae
(
)
- Takhtajan, 1967
- Superorder:
Primulanae
(
)
- R. Dahlgren Ex Reveal, 1996
- Order:
Primulales
(
)
- Dumortier, 1829
- Family:
Primulaceae
(
)
- Ventenat, 1799
- Primrose Family
- Subfamily:
Polemonioideae
(
)
- Tribe:
Polemonieae
(
)
- Genus:
Samolus
(
)
- Linnaeus, Sp. Pl. 1: 171. 1753.
- Brookweed
- Specific epithet:
repens
- Pers.
- Botanical name: - Samolus repens Pers.
- Specific epithet:
repens
- Pers.
- Genus:
Samolus
(
- Tribe:
Polemonieae
(
- Subfamily:
Polemonioideae
(
- Family:
Primulaceae
(
- Order:
Primulales
(
- Superorder:
Primulanae
(
- Subclass:
Dilleniidae
(
- Class:
Magnoliopsida
(
- Infraphylum:
Radiatopses
(
- Subphylum:
Euphyllophytina
(
- Phylum:
Tracheophyta
(
- Subkingdom:
Viridaeplantae
(
- Kingdom:
Plantae
(
Notes
Publishing author : Pers. Publication : Syn. Pl. (Persoon) 1: 171 1805 [1 Apr-15 Jun 1805]A tentatively accepted name in the RHS Horticultural Database.
Similar Species
Members of the genus Samolus
There are approximately 59 species in this genus:
S. africanus · S. alpina · S. alyssoides alyssoides · S. ambiguus · S. americanus · S. aquaticus · S. beccabungae-facie · S. bickfordiana · S. bracteatus · S. bracteolosus · S. caespitosus · S. campanuloides · S. caulescens · S. cinerascens · S. cuneatus cuneatus · S. decumbens · S. dichondrifolius · S. ebracteatus (Bractless Brookweed) · S. ebracteatus alyssoides (Cuneifolia Primula) · S. ebracteatus cuneatus · S. ebracteatus genuinus · S. ebracteatus subsp. alyssoides · S. ebracteatus subsp. cuneatus · S. ebracteatus subsp. genuinus · S. ebracteatus var. breviflorus · S. ebracteatus var. coahuilensis · S. eremaeus · S. flexuosus · S. floribundes · S. floribundus parviflorus · S. geniculatus · S. junceus · S. latifolius · S. littoralis · S. littoralis var. incana · S. littoralis var. littoralis · S. littoralis var. repens · S. longipes · S. nudicaulis · S. porosus · S. pyrolifolius · S. repens (Creeping Brookweed) · S. repens var. ambiguus · S. repens var. floribundus · S. repens var. incana · S. repens var. paucifolius · S. repens var. procumbens · S. spathulatus · S. subnudicaulis · S. superbus · S. vagans (Chiricahua Mountain Brookweed) · S. valerandi (Seaside Brookweed) · S. valerandi parviflorus · S. valerandi subsp. parviflorus · S. valerandi var. americanus · S. valerandi var. floribundus · S. valerandi var. repens · S. valerandi var. typicus · S. valerandii
Bibliography
- Chen Feng-hwai, Hu Chi-ming, Fang Yun-yi, Cheng Chao-zong, Yang Yong-chang & Huang Rong-fu In Chen Feng-hwai & Hu Chi-ming, editors. 1990. Primulaceae (1). Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. 59(1): 1-217
- Hu Chi-ming In Chen Feng-hwai & Hu Chi-ming, editors. 1990. Primulaceae (2). Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. 59(2): 1-321.
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Notes
Contributors
- Brands, S.J. (comp.) 1989-2006. Systema Naturae 2000. The Taxonomicon. Universal Taxonomic Services, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. Accessed October 6, 2006.
- Global Biodiversity Information Facility. Accessed March 16, 2008. http://www.gbif.org Mediated distribution data from 7 providers.
- The International Plant Names Index. Accessed Jan 19, 2007.
Data Sources
Accessed through GBIF Data Portal March 16, 2008:
- Australian National Herbarium (CANB)
- GBIF-Spain: Real Jardin Botanico (Madrid), Vascular Plant Herbarium (MA)
- Herbier de l'Université Louis Pasteur: herbier de nouvelle-caledonie
- National Herbarium of New South Wales: NSW herbarium collection
Identifiers
- Biodiversity Heritage Library NamebankID: 10911959
- Global Biodiversity Information Facility Taxonkey: 15799066
- Globally Unique Identifier: urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:62195-3
- International Plant Names Index (IPNI) ID: 62195-3
- Zipcode Zoo Species Identifier: 976084
