Saurauia leucocarpa

• Overview
• Description
• Taxonomy
• Similar Species
• More Info
• Further Reading
• Notes

Overview

Vulnerable

Description

Family Actinidiaceae

Trees , shrubs , or woody vines . Leaves alternate, simple , shortly or long petiolate , not stipulate . Flowers bisexual or unisexual or plants polygamous or functionally dioecious, usually fascicled, cymose , or paniculate . Sepals (2 or 3 or) 5, imbricate, rarely valvate . Petals (4 or) 5, sometimes more, imbricate. Stamens 10 to numerous , distinct or adnate to base of petals, hypogynous; anthers 2-celled, versatile, dehiscing by apical pores or longitudinally. Ovary superior, disk absent, locules and carpels 3-5 or more; placentation axile ; ovules anatropous with a single integument, 10 or more per locule; styles as many as carpels, distinct or connate (then only one style), generally persistent . Fruit a berry or leathery capsule. Seeds not arillate , with usually large embryos and abundant endosperm.

Three genera and ca. 357 species: Asia and the Americas; three genera (one endemic) and 66 species (52 endemic) in China.

Economically, kiwifruit (Actinidia chinensis var. deliciosa) is an important fruit, which originated in central China and is especially common along the Yangtze River (well known as yang-tao) . Now, it is widely cultivated throughout the world.[1]

Genus Saurauia

Trees or shrubs . Branchlets usually with unguiculate hairs or subulate scales . Leaves petiolate ; petiole scaly or not, rarely long setose ; leaf blade tomentose or not abaxially, veins with scales or stiff hairs, numerous lateral veins diverging parallel to midvein , margin serrate. Inflorescences thyrsoid , paniclelike, composed of terminal cymes, solitary or fasciculate, usually scaly, tomentose or glabrous . Pedicels 2-bracteate. Flowers hermaphroditic or plants functionally dioecious. Sepals 5, strongly imbricate. Petals 5, imbricate, usually connate at base . Stamens 15-130; filaments adnate to base of petals; anthers obtrigonal, dorsifixed , dehiscing longitudinally or poricidally. Ovary 3-5-loculed, with many ovules per locule; styles 3-5, connate below middle , rarely free ; stigma simple to discoid . Fruit baccate , white to pale green, rarely red, globose or depressed-globose, usually ribbed . Seeds brown, minute, areolate .

About 300 species: Asia and the Americas, principally in tropical regions ; 13 species (seven endemic) in China.[2]

Habitat

Typically found at an altitude of 0 to 2,401 meters (0 to 7,877 feet).[3]

Taxonomy

Similar Species

Members of the genus Saurauia

ZipcodeZoo has pages for 322 species, subspecies, varieties, forms, and cultivars in this genus. Here are just 100 of them:

S. aculeata · S. acuminata · S. adenodonta · S. aequatoriensis · S. agamae · S. aguaricana · S. albiflora · S. alkmaarensis · S. alloplectifolia · S. alpicola · S. altissima · S. altiterra · S. alvaroi · S. amoena · S. ampla · S. amplifolia · S. andreana · S. angica · S. angustifolia · S. anolaimensis · S. arcana · S. archboldiana · S. armata · S. arnoldi · S. arnoldii · S. aromatica · S. aspera · S. asperifolia · S. avellana · S. belensis · S. belizensis · S. benguetensis · S. bicolor · S. biserrata · S. blumiana · S. bogoriensis · S. bontocensis · S. borneensis · S. brachybotrys · S. bracteosa · S. brassii · S. brevipes · S. briquetii · S. buddleifolia · S. bullosa · S. bulusanensis · S. buscalioniana · S. callithrix · S. calyptrata · S. cana · S. capitulata · S. caquetensis · S. caroli · S. cauliflora · S. cerea · S. chaparensis · S. chiliantha · S. chocoensis · S. choriophylla · S. collina · S. comicoana · S. comitis-rosea · S. comitis-rossei · S. congestiflora · S. consimilis · S. conzattii · S. copelandii · S. cordata · S. coriocoana · S. coroicoana · S. corynotricha · S. costaricense · S. costaricensis · S. costaricensis var. dolichotricha · S. crassisepala · S. cuatrecasana · S. cuchumatanensis · S. dempoensis · S. denticulata · S. desquamulata · S. dielsiana · S. dillenioides · S. drimytiflora · S. dubia · S. eburnea · S. echioides · S. elegans · S. elmeri · S. engleriana · S. englesingii · S. erythrocarpa · S. erythrocarpa var. grosseserrata · S. erythrothrica · S. euryphylla · S. exasperata · S. excelsa · S. excurrens · S. fasciculata · S. fasciculiflora · S. ferox

More Info

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Further Reading

• A contribution to the flora of Honduras, by T. G. Yuncker. Chicago, 1938. ENG url p. 376.
• González-Espinosa, M. 1997. ECOSUR baso de datos.
• González-Espinosa, M. 1997. ECOSUR baso de datos.
• Sosa, V. (ed.) 1978. Flora of Veracruz. Instituto de Investigaciones sobre Recursos Bióticos.
• Liang Chou-fen, Chen Yong-chang & Wang Yu-sheng. 1984. Actinidiaceae (excluding Sladenia). In: Feng Kuo-mei, ed., Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. 49(2): 195-301, 309-334.
• X. W. Li, J. Q. Li, and D. D. Soejarto (Acta Phytotax. Sin. 45: 633-660. 2007).

Notes

Contributors

• Bisby, F.A., Y.R. Roskov, M.A. Ruggiero, T.M. Orrell, L.E. Paglinawan, P.W. Brewer, N. Bailly, J. van Hertum, eds (2007). Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life: 2007 Annual Checklist. Species 2000: Reading, U.K.
• Brands, S.J. (comp.) 1989-2005. Systema Naturae 2000. The Taxonomicon. Universal Taxonomic Services, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. [http://sn2000.taxonomy.nl/Taxonomicon/]. Access date: Nov 23, 2005
• Global Biodiversity Information Facility. Accessed December 27, 2007. http://www.gbif.org Mediated distribution data from provider.
• González-Espinosa, M. 1998. In IUCN 2008. 2008 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. IUCNRedList.org. Downloaded July 19, 2008.
• USDA, NRCS. 2005. The PLANTS Database, Version 3.5 (http://plants.usda.gov). National Plant Data Center, Baton Rouge, LA 70874-4490 USA.

Data Sources

Accessed through GBIF Data Portal December 30, 2007:

• Comisión nacional para el conocimiento y uso de la biodiversidad, Herbario del Instituto de Ecología, A.C., México
• Comisión nacional para el conocimiento y uso de la biodiversidad, Herbario del Instituto de Ecología, A.C., México
• Missouri Botanical Garden, Missouri Botanical Garden

Identifiers

• Biodiversity Heritage Library NamebankID: 3420626
• International Plant Names Index (IPNI) ID: 829355-1
• IUCN ID: 31322
• Zipcode Zoo Species Identifier: 1019924

Footnotes

1. Jianqiang Li, Li Xinwei & D. Doel Soejarto "Actinidiaceae". in Flora of China Vol. 12 Page 334,364. Published by Science Press (Beijing) and Missouri Botanical Garden Press. Online at EFloras.org. [back]
2. "Saurauia". in Flora of China Vol. 12 Page 334, 356. Published by Science Press (Beijing) and Missouri Botanical Garden Press. Online at EFloras.org. [back]
3. Mean = 745.540 meters (2,445.997 feet), Standard Deviation = 656.610 based on 24 observations. Altitude information for each observation from British Oceanographic Data Centre. [back]

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