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Shorea geniculata

Overview

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Critically Endangered
Threat status

Description

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Family Dipterocarpaceae

Trees , evergreen or semievergreen, rarely deciduous in dry season . Xylem with aromatic resin in intercellular resin canals. Branchlets with stipular scars , sometimes annular . Leaves simple , alternate; stipules persistent or caducous , large or small; leaf blade with lateral veins pinnate, margin entire or sinuate-crenate. Inflorescences few- or many-flowered, terminal or axillary racemes or panicles; flowers usually sweetly scented; bracts usually fugacious and minute, rarely persistent and large. Inflorescences, calyces, petals, ovary, and other parts usually with stellate , squamate , fascicled or free-standing hairs . Flowers bisexual , actinomorphic , contorted. Calyx lobes 5, free or united at base , imbricate in bud if not united. Petals 5, adnate or connate at base. Stamens (10-) 15 to many, free from or connate to petals; filaments usually dilated at base; anthers 2-celled, with 2 pollen sacs per cell (Chinese species) ; connective appendages aristate , filiform or stout. Ovary superior, rarely semi-inferior, slightly immersed in torus, usually 3-loculed, each locule 2-, rarely many ovuled; ovules pendulous, lateral or anatropous . Fruit usually nutlike, sometimes capsular and 3-valved, 1(to many) -seeded, with persistent, variously accrescent calyx of which 2 or more lobes are usually developed into lorate wings. Seed exalbuminous ; cotyledons fleshy , equal or unequal, applanate or folded or cerebriform , entire or laciniate ; radicle directed toward hilum , usually included between cotyledons.

About 17 genera and 550 species: tropical Africa, Asia, and South America (in Asia, most species and genera in NW Borneo) ; five genera and 12 species (one endemic, one introduced ) in China.[1]

Genus Shorea

Trees usually large, prominently buttressed . Bark usually fissured , flaky . Stipules caducous , large or small; leaf blade ± leathery, tertiary veins parallel, margin entire. Flowers in axillary or terminal lax cymose panicles; bracts persistent , caducous, or absent. Sepals with 3 outer larger than 2 inner. Petals white, yellow, or pink, usually pubescent . Stamens (12-) 15 or 20-100; anthers ovoid , oblong , or panduriform; connective subulate-cuspidate or stout, club-shaped; valves equal or outer one slightly larger. Ovary ovoid, pubescent; style subulate ; stigma entire or 3-toothed. Fruit usually 1-seeded, closely surrounded by thickened bases of accrescent calyx segments; sepals developed into lorate wings, outer 3 much larger than 2 inner.

About 200 species: Bhutan, Cambodia, China, NE India, Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, Nepal, Philippines, Thailand, Vietnam; two species in China.[2]

Habitat

Ecology: A large tree occurring in mixed dipterocarp forest on leached yellow soils.[3]

Taxonomy

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Notes

Publishing author : Symington ex P.S.Ashton Publication : in Gard. Bull . Singapore, xix. 291 (1962).

Similar Species

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Members of the genus Shorea

ZipcodeZoo has pages for 295 species, subspecies, varieties, forms, and cultivars in this genus. Here are just 100 of them:

S. acuminata (Dark Red Meranti) · S. acuminatissima (Yellow Meranti) · S. acuta · S. affinis · S. agami (White Meranti) · S. agamii · S. agamii agamii (White Meranti) · S. agsaboensis · S. alba · S. albida (Light Red Meranti) · S. almon (Light Red Meranti) · S. alutacea · S. amplexicaulis · S. andulensis (Light Red Meranti) · S. angustifolia · S. angustiloba · S. aptera (Borneo Tallow Tree) · S. argentea · S. argentifolia (Dark Red Meranti) · S. asahi · S. asahii · S. assamica (White Meranti) · S. assamica assamica (White Meranti) · S. assamica globifera · S. assamica koordersii · S. assamica philippinensis (White Meranti) · S. astrosticta · S. astylosa · S. atrinervosa (Yellow Balau) · S. attopoensis · S. auriculata · S. bailloni · S. bakeriana · S. bakoensis · S. balangeran (Red Balau) · S. balanocarpoides (White Meranti) · S. barbata · S. beccariana · S. beccarii · S. belangeran · S. bentongensis (White Meranti) · S. biawak · S. bisophylla · S. blumutensis (Yellow Meranti) · S. brachyptera · S. bracteata · S. bracteolata (White Meranti) · S. brevipetiolaris · S. brunnescens · S. buchananii · S. bullata (Dark Red Meranti) · S. calcicola · S. cambodiana · S. camphorifera · S. cara · S. carapae · S. chaiana · S. chinensis · S. chrysophylla · S. ciliata · S. cinerea · S. cochinchinensis · S. collaris · S. collina (Red Balau) · S. compressa · S. confusa · S. congestiflora · S. conica · S. contorta (Light-Red Meranti) · S. cordata · S. cordifolia · S. coriacea · S. costata · S. crassa · S. crassifolia · S. cristata · S. curtisii (Dark Red Meranti) · S. cuspidata · S. dasyphylla · S. dealbata (White Meranti) · S. dispar · S. disticha · S. dolichocarpa · S. domatiosa · S. dyeri · S. dyerii · S. elliptica (Dark Red Meranti) · S. exelliptica · S. eximia · S. faguetiana (Yellow Meranti) · S. faguetioides · S. falcata · S. falcifera · S. falciferoides · S. falciferoides falciferoides · S. fallax · S. farinosa · S. ferruginea · S. flava · S. flaviflora (Dark Red Meranti)

More Info

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Further Reading

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Notes

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Contributors

Identifiers

Footnotes

  1. Xi-wen Li, Jie Li & Peter S. Ashton "Dipterocarpaceae". in Flora of China Vol. 13 Page 48. Published by Science Press (Beijing) and Missouri Botanical Garden Press. Online at EFloras.org. [back]
  2. "Shorea". in Flora of China Vol. 13 Page 48, 51, 52. Published by Science Press (Beijing) and Missouri Botanical Garden Press. Online at EFloras.org. [back]
  3. Ashton, P. 1998. In IUCN 2008. 2008 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. IUCNRedList.org. Downloaded July 19, 2008. [back]
Last Revised: 2009-07-03