Spartina alterniflora

• Overview
• Interesting Facts
• Common Names
• Description
• Biology
• Taxonomy
• Similar Species
• More Info
• Further Reading
• Notes

Overview

Interesting Facts

Common Names

Description

Genus Spartina

Perennials , usually with wide spreading scaly rhizomes. Culms erect , robust . Leaf blades long, tough; ligule a line of hairs . Inflorescence of racemes , these subdigitate or disposed along an axis, few to many; spikelets appressed or pectinate ; rachis triquetrous , terminating in a naked point . Spikelets strongly laterally compressed , lanceolate or narrowly oblong , floret 1, without rachilla extension , disarticulating below glumes and falling entire; glumes unequal, keeled ; lower glume shorter than floret; upper glume longer than floret, papery , 1-3-veined, sometimes additional veins present, apex narrowly acute to shortly awned ; lemma keeled, firm with wide membranous margins , lateral veins obscure, apex subacute ; palea equaling or exceeding lemma. Lodicules often absent. Caryopsis fusiform , embryo nearly as long as caryopsis. x = 10.

Seventeen species: both coasts of the Americas, Atlantic coasts of Europe and Africa, especially in temperate and subtropical regions; two species (both introduced ) in China.

This genus is adapted to the saline environment of the coast. Species with spreading rhizomes form colonies in tidal saltmarshes and are particularly suitable for stabilizing coastal mud flats.[1]

Physical Description

Habitat

Tidal mudflats of coast, introduced [2].

Typically found in the intertidal zone at the water's edge at a mean distance from sea level of 48 meters (159 feet).[3]

Biome: Coastal.

Biology

Reproduction

Duration: Perennial

Growth

Culture: Space 24-36" apart.

Sunlight: Sun Exposure: Full Sun .

Taxonomy

Synonyms

Spartina alterniflora var. glabra (Muhl. Ex Bigelow) Fern. • Spartina alterniflora var. pilosa (Merr.) Fern. • Spartina glabra Muhl. ex Elliott var. alterniflora (Loisel.) Merr. • Spartina glabra Muhlenberg ex Elliott var. alterniflora (Loiseleur) Merrill • Spartina maritima (Curtis) Fernald Var. alterni-Flora (Loiseleur) St. -Yves • Spartina stricta Roth var. alterniflora (Loiseleur) A. Gray • Trachynotia alterniflora (Loiseleur) Candolle.

Notes

Name Status: Accepted Name .

Last scrutiny: 15-Mar-2000

Similar Species

Members of the genus Spartina

ZipcodeZoo has pages for 15 species, subspecies, varieties, forms, and cultivars in this genus:

S. alterniflora (Atlantic Cordgrass) · S. anglica (Common Cord Grass) · S. bakeri (Sand Cordgrass) · S. caespitosa (Short Cordgrass) · S. cynosuroides (Big Cordgrass) · S. densiflora (Denseflower Cordgrass) · S. foliosa (California Cordgrass) · S. gracilis (Alkali Cordgrass) · S. maritima (Small Cordgrass) · S. patens (Marshhay Cordgrass) · S. pectinata (Cord Grass) · S. pectinata 'Aureomarginata' (Prairie Cord Grass) · S. spartinae (Gulf Cordgrass) · S. townsendii (Townsend's Cordgrass) · S. × townsendii (Townsend's Cordgrass)

More Info

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Further Reading

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Notes

Contributors

• Brands, S.J. (comp.) 1989-present. The Taxonomicon. Universal Taxonomic Services, Zwaag, The Netherlands. Accessed January 10, 2012.

Data Sources

Accessed through GBIF Data Portal November 22, 2007:

• Canadian Museum of Nature, Canadian Museum of Nature Herbarium
• Comisión nacional para el conocimiento y uso de la biodiversidad, Herbario del Instituto de Ecología, A.C., México
• Fairchild Tropical Botanic Garden, Fairchild Tropical Botanic Garden Virtual Herbarium Darwin Core format
• Herbier de la Guyane, Herbier de la Guyane
• Missouri Botanical Garden, Missouri Botanical Garden
• UK National Biodiversity Network, Botanical Society of the British Isles - Vascular Plants Database
• US National Plant Germplasm System, United States National Plant Germplasm System Collection
• USDA PLANTS, USDA PLANTS Database
• University of Alabama Biodiversity and Systematics, Herbarium
• University of Washington Burke Museum, Vascular Plant Collection - University of Washington Herbarium
• Utah State University, USU-UTC Specimen Database

Identifiers

• Biodiversity Heritage Library NamebankID: 2661334
• Catalogue of Life Accepted Name Code: ITS-41267
• Global Biodiversity Information Facility Taxonkey: 4490920
• Globally Unique Identifier: urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:422425-1
• GRIN Nomen Number: 103562
• Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS) Taxonomic Serial Number (TSN): 41267
• MoBot NameID: 25512520
• U.S.D.A. Plant Symbol: SPALP
• Zipcode Zoo Species Identifier: 63704

Footnotes

1. Bi-xing Sun & Sylvia M. Phillips "Spartina". in Flora of China Vol. 22 Page 1, 488, 493. Published by Science Press (Beijing) and Missouri Botanical Garden Press. Online at EFloras.org. [back]
2. "Spartina alterniflora". in Flora of China Vol. 22 Page 493, 494. Missouri Botanical Garden Press. Online at EFloras.org. [back]
3. Standard Deviation = 96.560 based on 256 observations. Terrestrial altitude and ocean depth information for each observation from British Oceanographic Data Centre. [back]

©2004-2012 David Stang. All rights reserved.