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Tournefortia stenosepala

Description

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Family Boraginaceae

Herbs perennial , biennial, or annual , less often lianas, shrubs , or trees , usually bristly or scabrous-pubescent. Leaves simple , exstipulate , alternate, rarely opposite, entire or serrate at margin . Inflorescences often double scorpioid cymes, rarely solitary; bracts present or absent. Flowers bisexual , actinomorphic , rarely zygomorphic. Calyx usually 5-parted or lobed , mostly persistent . Corolla tubular , campanulate , rotate, funnelform , or salverform ; tube appendages 5, rarely more, mostly trapeziform, rarely absent, sometimes a ring of hairs present; limb usually 5-parted; lobes overlapping, rarely twisted in bud. Stamens 5, inserted on corolla tube or rarely at throat , included or rarely exserted; anthers introrse , 2-loculed, usually dorsifixed at base , less often medifixed , dehiscence longitudinal . Nectaries at base of corolla tube or on disc below ovary. Ovary superior, 2-carpellate; locules 2 and each with 2 ovules, or 4 and each with 1 ovule; ovules nearly atropous , semianatropous, or anatropous . Style terminal or gynobasic , branched or not. Gynobase flat, fastigiate , or subulate . Fruit 1-4-seeded drupes or nutlets (mericarps) ; nutlets mostly dry, often ornamented with wings, prickles and/or glochids (stiff bristles with barbed or anchorlike tips ) . Seeds vertical or oblique , coat membranous; embryo straight, less often curved ; cotyledons flat, fleshy .

About 156 genera and 2500 species: temperate and tropical regions , centered in the Mediterranean region; 47 genera and 294 species in China, of which four genera and 156 species are endemic.[1]

Genus Tournefortia

Shrubs , climbing shrubs, trees , or herbs. Leaves alternate, petiolate , entire. Cymes terminal or axillary , corymbose , ebracteate . Calyx 4- or 5-parted, not changing in fruit; lobes narrow. Corolla white or pale green, usually funnelform ; tube pubescent outside, usually exceeding calyx; throat unappendaged; lobes 4 or 5, overlapping or valvate in bud, spreading at anthesis . Filaments short, inserted on corolla tube; anthers ovate to oblong , mucronate or obtuse at apex. Disc slightly convex or sometimes nearly cupular. Ovary 4-loculed; ovules 1 per locule, pendulous. Style terminal; stigma entire or 2-cleft, base fleshy , ringlike, inflated . Drupes with watery, sticky, or corky mesocarp , endocarp divided at maturity into 2 2-seeded or 4 1-seeded mericarps, sometimes 1 seed sterile . Seeds oblique ; cotyledons ovate or elliptic .

About 150 species: tropical and subtropical regions; four species in China.

Argusia (including Messerschmidia) has often been regarded as a distinct genus of three species of seashore plants . It is distinguished from Tournefortia by the corky mesocarp, which is an adaptation to dispersal by seawater. True Tournefortia has fleshy fruit, and none of its species is a seashore plant. For a detailed discussion of the generic limits of Argusia and Tournefortia, see Al-Shehbaz (J. Arnold Arbor ., suppl. ser., 1: 1-169. 1991).[2]

Habitat

Ecology: Dry Andean vegetation (1,000–2,500 m ).[3]


List of Habitats :3.5Shrubland - Subtropical/Tropical Dry

Taxonomy

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Similar Species

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Members of the genus Tournefortia

ZipcodeZoo has pages for 211 species, subspecies, varieties, forms, and cultivars in this genus. Here are just 100 of them:

T. acclinis · T. acuminata · T. acutiflora · T. acutifolia · T. alba · T. andina · T. angustiflora · T. angustifolia · T. arborea · T. arborescens · T. argentea (Velvet-Leaf Soldier Bush) · T. arguzia · T. astrotricha · T. aubletii · T. auro-argentea · T. barbadensis · T. belizensis · T. bicolor (Niguita) · T. bicolor var. calycosa · T. bifida · T. billbergiana · T. blanchetii · T. bojeri · T. brachiata · T. brachyantha · T. brantii · T. brasiliensis · T. brenesii · T. breviflora · T. brevilobata · T. buchtienii · T. calycina · T. calycosa · T. campii · T. candidula · T. capitata · T. caracasana · T. caribaea · T. carnosa · T. chinchensis · T. chrysantha · T. conocarpa · T. cordifolia · T. coriacea · T. corymbosa · T. curvilimba · T. cuspidata · T. cymosa · T. delicatula · T. densiflora · T. edgeworthii · T. elegans · T. elliptica · T. elongata · T. ferruginea · T. filifera · T. filiflora (Cold Withe) · T. floribunda · T. foetidissima · T. fruticosa · T. fuliginosa · T. gardneri · T. gaudichaudii · T. gibberosa · T. gigantifolia · T. glaberrima · T. glabra · T. gnaphalodes · T. graciliflora · T. gracilipes · T. grandifolia · T. guadalupensis · T. hartwegiana · T. hartwegii · T. heliotropioides · T. hernandesii · T. herzogii · T. heyneana · T. hirsutissima (Chiggery Grapes) · T. hispida · T. horsfieldii · T. incana · T. intermedia · T. intonsa · T. isabellina · T. jamaicensis · T. johnstonii · T. killipii · T. kirkii · T. laevigata · T. laevigata var. latifolia · T. laevis · T. lanceolata · T. lanuginosa · T. latisepala · T. laurifolia (Laurel-Leaf Soldierbush) · T. lavigata · T. laxiflora · T. leonis · T. leucophylla

More Info

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Further Reading

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Notes

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Contributors

Identifiers

Footnotes

  1. Gelin Zhu, Harald Riedl & Rudolf V. Kamelin "Boraginaceae". in Flora of China Vol. 16 Page 329. Published by Science Press (Beijing) and Missouri Botanical Garden Press. Online at EFloras.org. [back]
  2. "Tournefortia". in Flora of China Vol. 16 Page 341. Published by Science Press (Beijing) and Missouri Botanical Garden Press. Online at EFloras.org. [back]
  3. Pitman, N. 2003. In IUCN 2008. 2008 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. IUCNRedList.org. Downloaded July 19, 2008. [back]
Last Revised: 7/3/2009