Overview
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Critically Endangered |
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Common Names
Common Names in English:
Large Bellflower
Description
Family Campanulaceae
The Campanulaceae are herbs, shrubs , or rarely small trees comprising about 70 genera and 2,000 species usually with milky sap . The leaves are nearly always alternate and simple ; stipules are absent The flowers are bisexual , and actinomorphic in the subfamily Campanuloideae but zygomorphic in the Lobelioideae. The perianth and androecium are usually 5-merous, sometimes 3-10-merous. The calyx and corolla each consist of connate segments. The stamens equal the number of corolla lobes , alternate with them, and are adnate to the extreme base of the corolla or epigynous zone or more commonly arise from the annular epigynous nectary disk; the filaments are distinct and the anthers are introrse and only weakly connivent around the style in the Campanuloideae but in the lobelioideae the introrse anthers and also often the filaments are firmly connate. The gynoecium consists of a single compound pistil of usually 2 carpels and locules with numerous axile ovules in the subfamily Lobelioideae but usually consists of 3-5 carpels and locules with numerous axile ovules in the subfamily Campanuloideae. The single style commonly has a number of lobes or stigmas equal to the number of carpels. The ovary is nearly always inferior and is generally crowned with an epigynous annular nectary disk. The fruit is usually a capsule or berry. -- Gerald Carr.
Habitat
Ecology: Small, shrubby, sparingly branched perennial
up to 0.3 m.
The plants
grow on cliff
sites amongst tree
fern vegetation and exotic
weeds
. Bellflowers are also known to grow on the trunks
of tree ferns, Melliss (1875) described W. linifolia as 'sometimes parasitic on the tree ferns'.[1]
List of Habitats
:6Rocky areas (eg. inland cliffs, mountain peaks)
Taxonomy
- Domain:
Eukaryota
(
)
- Whittaker & Margulis,1978
- eukaryotes
- Kingdom:
Plantae
()
- Haeckel, 1866
- Plants
- Subkingdom:
Viridaeplantae
()
- Cavalier-Smith, 1981
- Phylum:
Tracheophyta
()
- Sinnott, 1935 Ex Cavalier-Smith, 1998
- Vascular Plants
- Subphylum:
Euphyllophytina
()
- Infraphylum:
Radiatopses
()
- Kenrick & Crane, 1997
- Class:
Magnoliopsida
()
- Brongniart, 1843
- Dicotyledons
- Subclass:
Asteridae
()
- Takhtajan, 1967
- Superorder:
Campanulanae
()
- Takhtajan Ex Reveal, 1992
- Order:
Campanulales
()
- Reichenbach, 1828
- Family:
Campanulaceae
()
- Adans., 1763, Nom. Cons.
- Bellflower Family
- Subfamily:
Campanuloideae
()
- Tribe:
Wahlenbergieae
()
- Genus:
Wahlenbergia
()
- H.A. Schrader ex A.W. Roth, 1821, nom. cons.
- Specific epithet:
linifolia
- Botanical name: - Wahlenbergia linifolia (Roxb.) A.DC.
- Specific epithet:
linifolia
- Genus:
Wahlenbergia
(
- Tribe:
Wahlenbergieae
(
- Subfamily:
Campanuloideae
(
- Family:
Campanulaceae
(
- Order:
Campanulales
(
- Superorder:
Campanulanae
(
- Subclass:
Asteridae
(
- Class:
Magnoliopsida
(
- Infraphylum:
Radiatopses
(
- Subphylum:
Euphyllophytina
(
- Phylum:
Tracheophyta
(
- Subkingdom:
Viridaeplantae
(
- Kingdom:
Plantae
(
Similar Species
Members of the genus Wahlenbergia
ZipcodeZoo has pages for 399 species, subspecies, varieties, forms, and cultivars in this genus. Here are just 100 of them:
W. aberdarica · W. abyssinica · W. acaulis · W. acicularis · W. acuminata · W. adamsonii · W. adpressa · W. agrestis · W. akaroa (Bluebell) · W. albens · W. albicaulis · W. albo-marginata · W. albomarginata (Wahlenbergia) · W. albomarginata albomarginata · W. albomarginata 'Blue Mist' · W. albomarginata laxa · W. albomarginata subsp. decora · W. albomarginata subsp. flexilis · W. albomarginata subsp. laxa · W. albomarginata subsp. olivina · W. albomarginata white form · W. androsacea · W. angustifolia (Small Bellflower) · W. annua · W. annularis · W. annuliformis · W. appressifolia · W. arabidifolia · W. arcta · W. arenaria · W. arguta · W. arida · W. aridicola · W. arvatica · W. asparagoides · W. asperifolia · W. axillaris · W. baikalensis · W. banksiana · W. basutica · W. bernardi · W. berteroi · W. bicolor · W. billardierei · W. bivalvis · W. 'Blue Melody' · W. bojeri · W. bolusiana · W. brachiata · W. brachycarpa · W. brachyphylla · W. brasiliensis · W. brehmeri · W. brevipes · W. brockiei · W. burchellii · W. burgeriana · W. buseriana · W. caffra · W. calcarea · W. caledonica · W. californica · W. calycina · W. campanuloides · W. candolleana · W. capensis (Cape Bluebell) · W. capillacea · W. capillacea capillacea · W. capillacea subsp. tenuior · W. capillaris · W. capillata · W. capillifolia · W. capitata · W. cartilaginea · W. caryophylloides · W. celata · W. cephalodina · W. ceracea (Waxy Bluebell) · W. cerastioides · W. cernua · W. cervicina · W. chondrophylla · W. ciliolata · W. cinerea · W. clavata · W. clavatula · W. claviculata · W. clematidea · W. coerulea · W. colensoi · W. collomioides · W. communis (Tufted Bluebell) · W. compacta · W. confusa · W. congesta (White Harebell) · W. congesta subsp. haastii · W. congestifolia · W. consimilis · W. constricta · W. cooperi
More Info
- Search for Pictures: images.google.com
- Search for Scholarly Articles: Google Scholar
- Search using Scientific Name and Vernacular Names: All the Web | AltaVista Canada | AltaVista | Excite | Google | HotBot | Lycos
- Search using Specialized Databases: GenBank | Medline | Scirus | CISTI/CAL | Agricola Periodicals | Agricola Books
Further Reading
- Cairns-Wicks, R. Draft Recovery Action Plan for Wahlenbergia linifolia (Campanulaceae).
- Cronk, Q.C.B. 2000. The Endemic Flora of St. Helena. Anthony Nelson Publishers, Oswestry UK.
- Lucas, G.L.l. and Synge, H. (compilers) 1978. The IUCN Plant Red Data Book. IUCN, Morges, Switzerland.
- Melliss, J.C. 1875. St Helena: A physical, historical and topographical description of the Island including its geology, fauna, flora and meteorology. Reeve, London.
Notes
Contributors
- Brands, S.J. (comp.) 1989-2006. Systema Naturae 2000. The Taxonomicon. Universal Taxonomic Services, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. Accessed November 1, 2006.
- Cairns-Wicks, R. 2003. In IUCN 2008. 2008 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. IUCNRedList.org. Downloaded July 19, 2008.
Identifiers
- Biodiversity Heritage Library NamebankID: 7151695
- Globally Unique Identifier: urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:145814-1
- IUCN ID: 44010
- Zipcode Zoo Species Identifier: 1027486
Footnotes
- Cairns-Wicks, R. 2003. In IUCN 2008. 2008 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. IUCNRedList.org. Downloaded July 19, 2008. [back]
