Psilotrichum axilliflorum

• Overview
• Interesting Facts
• Description
• Taxonomy
• Similar Species
• More Info
• Further Reading
• Notes

Overview

Vulnerable

Interesting Facts

Description

Family Amaranthaceae

Herbs, clambering subshrubs , shrubs , or lianas. Leaves alternate or opposite, entire, exstipulate . Flowers small, bisexual or unisexual , or sterile and reduced, subtended by 1 membranous bract and 2 bracteoles, solitary or aggregated in cymes. Inflorescences elongated or condensed spikes (heads ), racemes , or thyrsoid structures of varying complexity. Bracteoles membranous or scarious . Tepals 3-5, membranous, scarious or subleathery, 1-, 3-, 5-, or 7(-23) -veined. Stamens as many as tepals and opposite these, rarely fewer than tepals; filaments free , united into a cup at base or ± entirely into a tube , filament lobes present or absent, pseudostaminodes present or absent; anthers (1- or) 2-loculed, dorsifixed , introrsely dehiscent . Ovary superior, 1-loculed; ovules 1 to many; style persistent , short and indistinct or long and slender; stigma capitate, penicillate , 2-lobed or forming 2 filiform branches. Fruit a dry utricle or a fleshy capsule, indehiscent, irregularly bursting, or circumscissile. Seeds lenticular , reniform , subglobose, or shortly cylindric , smooth or verruculose .

About 70 genera and 900 species: worldwide; 15 genera (one introduced ) and 44 species (three endemic, 14 introduced) in China.

Morphology of the androecium, perianth (tepals), and the inflorescence has traditionally been used to circumscribe genera and tribes . Pseudostaminodia are interstaminal appendages with variously shaped apices. Filament appendages are the lateral appendages of filaments (one on each side) . The basic structure of the inflorescence is the cyme (branchlets arising from the bracteole axils, the bracteoles serving as bracts for upper flowers), which can be reduced to one flower with two bracteoles and a bract. Units of dispersal vary considerably (capsules opening with lower part persistent, flower and bracteoles falling together, or cymose partial inflorescences breaking off above bract) and can be characteristic for genera. Several genera possess long trichomes serving dispersal at the base of the tepals.[1]

Genus Psilotrichum

Herbs or shrubs . Stem pubescent , lanose, or glabrous . Leaves opposite, petiolate . Flowers perfect , arranged in terminal or axillary heads or spikes, flower solitary in axil of a bract, subtended by 2 bracteoles. Tepals 5, erect , membranous, becoming rigid or not after anthesis . Stamens 5; filaments unequal, united to a short cup at base , pseudostaminodes absent or very small; anthers 2-loculed. Ovary ellipsoid or globose ; ovule 1, pendulous; style slender; stigma capitate or 2-lobed. Utricles enclosed in perianth, ellipsoid, indehiscent. Seed erect, lenticular , smooth .

About 14 species: Africa, SE Asia; three species (one endemic) in China.[2]

Habitat

Ecology: Perennial shrub of dry or flooded primary forests and woody river borders . Flowers from October - February.[3].

List of Habitats :

•     1     Forest   
  
•     1.6     Forest - Subtropical/Tropical Moist Lowland   
  
•     5     Wetlands (inland)   
  
•     5.1     Wetlands (inland) - Permanent Rivers/Streams/Creeks (includes waterfalls )   
  
•     5.2     Wetlands (inland) - Seasonal/Intermittent/Irregular Rivers/Streams/Creeks   
[more info]

Taxonomy

Notes

Type: Bequaert 1826, Avakubi, DRC

Vern. names :
- Limbila (turumbu)
- Itoko (turumbu)[3].

Similar Species

Members of the genus Psilotrichum

ZipcodeZoo has pages for 0 species, subspecies, varieties, forms, and cultivars in this genus:

More Info

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Further Reading

• Hauman, L. 1951. Amaranthaceae. In: Institut National pour l'Etude Agronomique du Congo Belge (I.N.E.A.C.) (ed.), Flore du Congo Belge et du Ruanda-Urundi - Spermatophytes, pp. 12-81. Institut National pour l'Etude Agronomique du Congo Belge (I.N.E.A.C.), Bruxelles.
• IUCN. 2010. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species (ver. 2010.3). Available at: http://www.iucnredlist.org. (Accessed: 2 September 2010).
• Kuan Ke-chien. 1979. Amaranthaceae. In: Kung Hsien-wu & Tsien Cho-po, eds., Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. 25(2): 194241.

Notes

Contributors

• Brands, S.J. (comp.) 1989-present. The Taxonomicon. Universal Taxonomic Services, Zwaag, The Netherlands. Accessed January 16, 2012.
• Ghogue, J.-P. 2010. Psilotrichum axilliflorum. In: IUCN 2011. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2011.2. <www.iucnredlist.org>. Downloadedon 04February2012.
• IUCN 2012. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2011.2. . Downloaded on January 28, 2012.

Data Sources

Accessed through GBIF Data Portal January 03, 2008:

• Missouri Botanical Garden, Missouri Botanical Garden

Identifiers

• Biodiversity Heritage Library NamebankID: 8911150
• Global Biodiversity Information Facility Taxonkey: 14981519
• Globally Unique Identifier: urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:61143-1
• International Plant Names Index (IPNI) ID: 61143-1
• IUCN ID: 237511
• Zipcode Zoo Species Identifier: 2906293

Footnotes

1. Bojian Bao, Thomas Borsch & Steven E. Clemants "Amaranthaceae". in Flora of China Vol. 5 Page 415. Published by Science Press (Beijing) and Missouri Botanical Garden Press. Online at EFloras.org. [back]
2. Lin Di Xian Shu "Psilotrichum". in Flora of China Vol. 5 Page 423. Published by Science Press (Beijing) and Missouri Botanical Garden Press. Online at EFloras.org. [back]
3. Ghogue, J.-P. 2010. Psilotrichum axilliflorum. In: IUCN 2011. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2011.2. <www.iucnredlist.org>. Downloaded on 04 February 2012. [back]

©2004-2012 David Stang. All rights reserved.